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Distribution of nitzschioid diatoms in Kütahya waters

Cüneyt Nadir Solak
Cüneyt Nadir Solak
, 
Batni Alakananda
Batni Alakananda
, 
Maxim Kulikovskiy
Maxim Kulikovskiy
, 
Saul Blanco
Saul Blanco
, 
Aydin Kaleli
Aydin Kaleli
 oraz 
Elif Yilmaz
Elif Yilmaz
   | 03 cze 2019
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Article Category: Original research paper
Data publikacji: 03 cze 2019
Zakres stron: 140 - 164
Otrzymano: 19 maj 2018
Przyjęty: 07 sty 2019
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/ohs-2019-0014
© 2019 Faculty of Oceanography and Geography, University of Gdańsk, Poland
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

Figure 1

Distribution of the surveyed localities
Distribution of the surveyed localities

Figure 2

1,2– Cylindrotheca gracilis (Brébisson) Grunow in Van Heurck; 3, 4 – Denticula subtilis Grunow; 5, 6 – Hantzschia abundans Lange-Bertalot; 7, 8 – H. cf. abundans; 9, 10 – H. amphioxys (Ehrenberg) Grunow; 11 – H. calcifuga Reichardt &Lange-Bertalot; 12–15–Nitzschia abbreviata Hustedt; 16, 17– N.acicularis (Kützing) W.Smith; 18, 19– N.acidoclinata Lange-Bertalot; 20–22 – N. alpina Hustedt; 23–24 – N. amphibia Grunow. Scale bar: 10 μm
1,2– Cylindrotheca gracilis (Brébisson) Grunow in Van Heurck; 3, 4 – Denticula subtilis Grunow; 5, 6 – Hantzschia abundans Lange-Bertalot; 7, 8 – H. cf. abundans; 9, 10 – H. amphioxys (Ehrenberg) Grunow; 11 – H. calcifuga Reichardt &Lange-Bertalot; 12–15–Nitzschia abbreviata Hustedt; 16, 17– N.acicularis (Kützing) W.Smith; 18, 19– N.acidoclinata Lange-Bertalot; 20–22 – N. alpina Hustedt; 23–24 – N. amphibia Grunow. Scale bar: 10 μm

Figure 3

25–27 – Nitzschia angustata (W.Smith) Grunow; 28–30 – N. angustatula Lange–Bertalot; 31–33 – N. archibaldii Lange-Bertalot; 34–36 – N. bacilliformis Hustedt; 37–39 – N. bergii Cleve-Euler; 40, 41 – N. brunoi Lange-Bertalot; 42–44 – N. capitellata Hustedt; 45–47 – N. clausii Hantzsch; 48–50 – N. communis Rabenhorst; 51–53 – N. denticula Grunow; 54–56 – N. desertorum Hustedt. Scale bar: 10 μm
25–27 – Nitzschia angustata (W.Smith) Grunow; 28–30 – N. angustatula Lange–Bertalot; 31–33 – N. archibaldii Lange-Bertalot; 34–36 – N. bacilliformis Hustedt; 37–39 – N. bergii Cleve-Euler; 40, 41 – N. brunoi Lange-Bertalot; 42–44 – N. capitellata Hustedt; 45–47 – N. clausii Hantzsch; 48–50 – N. communis Rabenhorst; 51–53 – N. denticula Grunow; 54–56 – N. desertorum Hustedt. Scale bar: 10 μm

Figure 4

57–59 – Nitzschia dissipata (Kützing) Rabenhorst; 60–62 – N. dissipata var. media (Hantzsch) Grunow; 63–65 – N. draveillensis Coste & Ricard; 66 – N. dubia W.Smith; 67–69 – N. elegantula Grunow; 70 – N. flexa Schumann; 71–73 – N. fonticola (Grunow) Grunow; 74 – N. graciliformis Lange-Bertalot & Simonsen; 75, 76 – N. gracilis Hantzsch; 77–79 – N. hantzschiana Rabenhorst; 80 – N. heufleriana Grunow; 81 – N. homburgiensis Lange-Bertalot. Scale bar: 10 μm
57–59 – Nitzschia dissipata (Kützing) Rabenhorst; 60–62 – N. dissipata var. media (Hantzsch) Grunow; 63–65 – N. draveillensis Coste & Ricard; 66 – N. dubia W.Smith; 67–69 – N. elegantula Grunow; 70 – N. flexa Schumann; 71–73 – N. fonticola (Grunow) Grunow; 74 – N. graciliformis Lange-Bertalot & Simonsen; 75, 76 – N. gracilis Hantzsch; 77–79 – N. hantzschiana Rabenhorst; 80 – N. heufleriana Grunow; 81 – N. homburgiensis Lange-Bertalot. Scale bar: 10 μm

Figure 5

82–84 – Nitzschia inconspicua Grunow; 85–87 – N. leistikowii Lange-Bertalot; 88, 89 – N. linearis (C.Agardh) W.Smith; 90–92 – N. microcephala Grunow; 93 – N. palea (Kützing) W.Smith; 94, 95 – N. paleacea (Grunow) Grunow; 96–98 – N. pusilla Grunow; 99–101 – N. recta Hantzsch; 102, 103 – N. rosenstockii Lange-Bertalot; 104–106 – N. sigma (Kützing) W.Smith; 107, 108 – N. sigmoidea (Nitzsch) W.Smith; 109– 111 – N. sociabilis Hustedt; 112–114 – N. solgensis A.Cleve-Euler. Scale bar: 10 μm
82–84 – Nitzschia inconspicua Grunow; 85–87 – N. leistikowii Lange-Bertalot; 88, 89 – N. linearis (C.Agardh) W.Smith; 90–92 – N. microcephala Grunow; 93 – N. palea (Kützing) W.Smith; 94, 95 – N. paleacea (Grunow) Grunow; 96–98 – N. pusilla Grunow; 99–101 – N. recta Hantzsch; 102, 103 – N. rosenstockii Lange-Bertalot; 104–106 – N. sigma (Kützing) W.Smith; 107, 108 – N. sigmoidea (Nitzsch) W.Smith; 109– 111 – N. sociabilis Hustedt; 112–114 – N. solgensis A.Cleve-Euler. Scale bar: 10 μm

Figure 6

115–116– Nitzschia solita Hustedt; 117–119– N.soratensis Morales & Vis; 120 – N.subacicularis Hustedt; 121 –N.subtilis (Grunow) Hustedt; 122–124 – N. supralitorea Lange-Bertalot; 125, 126 – N. tabellaria (Grunow) Grunow; 127–129 – N. thermaloides Hustedt; 130–132 – N. umbonata (Ehrenberg) Lange-Bertalot; 133 – N. vermicularis (Kützing) Hantzsch; 134, 135 – N. vitrea Norman; 136, 137 – N. vitrea var. salinarum Grunow; 138 – N. wuellerstorffii Grunow; 139, 140 – Simonsenia delognei (Grunow) Lange-Bertalot; 141–143 – Tryblionella apiculata W.Gregory. Scale bar: 10 μm
115–116– Nitzschia solita Hustedt; 117–119– N.soratensis Morales & Vis; 120 – N.subacicularis Hustedt; 121 –N.subtilis (Grunow) Hustedt; 122–124 – N. supralitorea Lange-Bertalot; 125, 126 – N. tabellaria (Grunow) Grunow; 127–129 – N. thermaloides Hustedt; 130–132 – N. umbonata (Ehrenberg) Lange-Bertalot; 133 – N. vermicularis (Kützing) Hantzsch; 134, 135 – N. vitrea Norman; 136, 137 – N. vitrea var. salinarum Grunow; 138 – N. wuellerstorffii Grunow; 139, 140 – Simonsenia delognei (Grunow) Lange-Bertalot; 141–143 – Tryblionella apiculata W.Gregory. Scale bar: 10 μm

Figure 7

144, 145 – Tryblionella calida (Grunow) D.G.Mann; 146, 147 – T. debilis Arnott ex O'Meara; 148–150 – T. hungarica (Grunow) Frenguelli; 151, 152– Tryblionella sp. Scale bar: 10 μm
144, 145 – Tryblionella calida (Grunow) D.G.Mann; 146, 147 – T. debilis Arnott ex O'Meara; 148–150 – T. hungarica (Grunow) Frenguelli; 151, 152– Tryblionella sp. Scale bar: 10 μm

Species of Bacillariales examined in the present study (*first record for Turkish Freshwater Diatom Flora)

Species
Cylindrotheca gracilis (Brébisson) Grunow
Dentcula subtilis Grunow *
Hantzschia abundans Lange-Bertalot *
Hantzschia amphioxys (Ehrenberg) Grunow
Hantzschia calcifuga Reichardt & Lange-Bertalot *
Hantzschia cf. abundans Lange-Bertalot
Nitzschia abbreviata Hustedt*
Nitzschia acicularis (Kützing) W. Smith
Nitzschia acidoclinata Lange-Bertalot *
Nitzschia alpina Hustedt
Nitzschia amphibia Grunow
Nitzschia angustata (W. Smith) Grunow
Nitzschia angustatula Lange-Bertalot
Nitzschia archibaldii Lange-Bertalot *
Nitzschia bacilliformis Hustedt *
Nitzschia bergii Cleve-Euler *
Nitzschia brunoi Lange-Bertalot
Nitzschia capitellata Hustedt
Nitzschia clausii Hantzsch
Nitzschia communis Rabenhorst
Nitzschia denticula Grunow
Nitzschia desertorum Hustedt
Nitzschia dissipata (Kützing) Rabenhorst
Nitzschia dissipata var. media (Hantzsch) Grunow
Nitzschia draveillensis Coste & Ricard
Nitzschia dubia W. Smith
Nitzschia elegantula Grunow *
Nitzschia flexa Schumann
Nitzschia fonti cola (Grunow) Grunow
Nitzschia graciliformis Lange-Bertalot & Simonsen *
Nitzschia gracilis Hantzsch
Nitzschia hantzschiana Rabenhorst
Nitzschia heufleriana Grunow
Nitzschia homburgiensis Lange-Bertalot
Nitzschia inconspicua Grunow
Nitzschia leistikowii Lange-Bertalot *
Nitzschia linearis (C. Agardh) W. Smith
Nitzschia microcephala Grunow
Nitzschia palea (Kützing) W. Smith
Nitzschia paleacea (Grunow) Grunow *
Nitzschia pusilla Grunow
Nitzschia recta Hantzsch
Nitzschia rosenstockii Lange-Bertalot *
Nitzschia sigma (Kützing) W. Smith
Nitzschia sigmoidea (Nitzsch) W. Smith
Nitzschia sociabilis Hustedt
Nitzschia solgensis A.Cleve-Euler
Nitzschia solita Hustedt
Nitzschia soratensis Morales & Vis *
Nitzschia subacicularis Hustedt
Nitzschia subtilis (Grunow) Hustedt *
Nitzschia supralitorea Lange-Bertalot
Nitzschia tabellaria (Grunow) Grunow
Nitzschia thermaloides Hustedt
Nitzschia umbonata (Ehrenberg) Lange-Bertalot
Nitzschia vermicularis (Kützing) Hantzsch
Nitzschia vitrea Norman
Nitzschia vitrea var. salinarum Grunow
Nitzschia wuellerstorffii Grunow
Simonsenia delognei (Grunow) Lange-Bertalot
Tryblionella apiculata W. Gregory
Tryblionella calida (Grunow) D.G. Mann
Tryblionella debilis Arnott
Tryblionella hungarica (Grunow) Frenguelli
Tryblionella sp.

Sampling sites

Site River basin name Waterbody name Coordinates Altitude
K1 Porsuk River_1 39°34.130'N 30°06.109'E 890 m
K2 Ilıca Stream 39°35.606'N 30°05.129'E 888 m
K3 Porsuk River_2 39°29.061'N 30°02.199'E 925 m
K4 Porsuk River_3 39°26.918'N 30°01.196'E 917 m
K5 Porsuk River_4 39°22.644'N 30°04.030'E 914 m
K6 Sakarya RB Porsuk River_5 39°19.846'N 30°00.384'E 947 m
K7 Felent Stream_1 39°30.808'N 29°44.148'E 1017 m
K8 Felent Stream_2 39°30.506'N 29°45.037'E 1022 m
K9 Felent Stream_3 39°29.414'N 29°49.850'E 1008 m
K10 Felent Stream_4 39°29.110'N 29°50.450'E 999 m
K11 Safa Stream 39°49.651'N 29°39.120'E 1118 m
K12 Susurluk RB Small stream in Tiraz village 39°49.161'N 29°38.370'E 870 m
K13 Small stream in Tiraz village 39°50.039'N 29°33.252'E 1299 m
K14 Kokar Stream_1 39°07.545'N 30°06.511'E 1005 m
K15 Sakarya RB Kokar Stream_2 39°06.925'N 30°06.913'E 1017 m
K16 Murat Stream 39°01.548'N 29°58.958'E 1040 m
K17 Small stream in Altintaş village 39°04.908'N 30°07.629'E 1012 m
K18 Gediz River_1 38°59.170'N 29°36.476'E 960 m
K19 Gediz RB Gediz River_1 38°58.627'N 29°23.823'E 831 m
K20 Emet River_1 39°14.859'N 29°14.215'E 752 m
K21 Emet River_2 39°20.453'N 29°14.956'E 772 m
K22 Emet River_3 39°19.089'N 29°23.962'E 1118 m
K23 Kocasu Stream_1 39°21.824'N 29°36.529'E 916 m
K24 Kocasu Stream_2 39°26.493'N 29°36.922'E 917 m
K25 Kocasu Stream_3 39°31.637'N 29°30.328'E 829 m
K26 Susurluk RB Kocasu Stream_4 39°35.114'N 29°27.775'E 814 m
K27 Kırık Stream 39°48.081'N 29°36.746'E 926 m
K28 Small stream in Domaniç village 39°51.464'N 29°67.943'E 1234 m
K29 Kocasu Stream_5 39°41.762'N 29°30.674'E 674 m
K30 Kocasu Stream_6 39°36.314'N 29°27.782'E 731m
K31 Small stream in Simav village 38°56.359'N 29°15.738'E 927 m
K32 Eynal thermal discharge water 39°07.345'N 28°59.270'E 794 m
K33 Simav Stream_1 39°08.213'N 28°57.806'E 788 m
K34 Simav Stream_2 39°06.899'N 28°52.848'E 833 m
K35 Gediz RB Simav Stream_3 39°09.933'N 28°45.037'E 596 m
K36 Simav Stream_4 39°10.016'N 28°39.801'E 515 m
K37 Simav Stream_5 39°09.854'N 28°46.753'E 613 m
K38 Small stream in Eğir village 39°12.714'N 28°52.016'E 931m
K39 Small stream in Eğir village 39°14.033'N 28°14.667'E 1432 m
K40 Kocasu Stream_7 39°18.771'N 28°57.724'E 805 m
K41 Susurluk RB Kocasu Stream_8 39°17.738'N 28°58.567'E 714 m
K42 Naşa thermal discharge water 39°08.701'N 28°57.397'E 789 m
K43 Small stream in Naşa village 39°08.747'N 28°57.577'E 780 m
K44 Simav Stream_6 39°07.772'N 28°58.196'E 794 m
K45 Gediz RB Small stream in Değirmisaz village 39°30.476'N 29°18.741'E 690 m
K46 MustafaKemalPaşa Stream 39°29.439'N 29°12.258'E 513 m
K47 Small stream in Hamidat village 39°39.45'N 29°29.451'E 812 m
K48 Small stream in Domaniç village 39°34.29'N 29°27.503'E 818 m
K49 Small stream in Güneyköy village 39°43.11'N 29°30.420'E 662 m
K50 Susurluk RB Small stream in Domaniç village 39°44.37'N 29°33.135'E 743 m
K51 Small stream in Domaniç village 39°47.28'N 29°35.437'E 833 m
K52 Small stream in Sefaköy village 39°49.25'N 29°38.160'E 913 m
K53 Ilıcaksu Stream 39°46.21'N 29°38.492'E 804 m

Selected physicochemical parameters of the sampling sites (EPL - epilithic, EPP - epipelic, DO - dissolved oxygen, TEMP - temperature, COND - conductivity)

Site Physicochemical parameters
Habitat DO (mg l−1) TEMP (°C) COND (μS cm−1) pH
K1 EPL 4.6 11.7 723 7.9
K2 EPL 8.9 17.6 806 8.7
K3 EPL 2.3 12.1 665 7.7
K4 EPL 5.5 14.2 913 7.4
K5 EPL 10.2 12.6 515 8.4
K6 EPL 11.6 9.6 478 8.4
K7 EPL 9.2 5.6 541 8.1
K8 EPL 8.4 10.1 609 7.8
K9 EPL 11.9 5.6 634 8.5
K10 EPP 8.6 15.9 758 8.1
K11 EPL 10.8 11.0 130 8.0
K12 EPL 11.1 7.6 88 7.5
K13 EPL 9.2 10.7 689 8.4
K14 EPP 8.3 9.7 514 8.2
K15 EPL 8.5 9.3 550 8.3
K16 EPP 10.1 9.0 405 8.5
K17 EPL 5.8 10.9 751 7.5
K18 EPP 9.7 8.4 368 8.4
K19 EPP 9.7 9.7 1077 8.3
K20 EPL 8.5 14.6 758 8.2
K21 EPL 6.9 22.8 737 8.2
K22 EPP 9.6 9.3 534 7.8
K23 EPP 9.5 12.8 496 8.2
K24 EPL 10.0 10.4 435 8.4
K25 EPP 9.6 10.9 539 8.5
K26 EPL 2.5 15.4 1125 7.5
K27 EPP 7.5 15.1 765 8.6
K28 EPL 9.2 10.9 118 8.1
K29 EPL 6.7 17.2 864 8.4
K30 EPL 1.7 15.6 717 7.8
K31 EPL 6.5 18.3 1365 7.8
K32 EPL 11.1 17.2 658 8.5
K33 EPL 4.9 20.3 834 8.4
K34 EPL 10.7 9.9 307 8.6
K35 EPL 9.8 16.6 609 8.6
K36 EPL 10.9 17.0 572 9.0
K37 EPL 8.4 16.3 587 8.0
K38 EPL 6.8 14.0 292 7.3
K39 EPL 9.8 7.6 599 7.6
K40 EPL 9.4 17.9 314 8.4
K41 EPL 10.9 16.2 370 8.6
K42 EPL 5.8 33.7 1449 8.6
K43 EPP 9.2 21.3 829 8.2
K44 EPL 8.9 22.9 745 8.5
K45 EPL 5.5 16.8 1502 8.9
K46 EPL 10.1 19.2 895 8.5
K47 EPP 6.4 14.4 973 7.8
K48 EPP 7.4 12.5 338 7.9
K49 EPL 9.3 13.1 263 8.7
K50 EPP 8.9 14.7 362 8.6
K51 EPP 8.4 15.0 341 8.8
K52 EPL 9.1 9.5 107 8.4
K53 EPP 8.6 15.8 327 7.5
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