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Figure 1

The geographic range of Potamogeton alpinus in North and Central Europe (left, hatched area), and the distribution of the study sites (right, 1–15 watercourses). Study sites (streams): 1 – Ruda; 2, 11 – Brda; 3 – Lipczynka; 4 – Chocina; 5 – Stawek; 6 – Czerwonka; 7 – Kulawa; 8, 10 – Zbrzyca; 9 – Kłonecznica; 12 – Graniczna; 13 – Wierzyca;14 – Święta Struga; 15 – Oliwa
The geographic range of Potamogeton alpinus in North and Central Europe (left, hatched area), and the distribution of the study sites (right, 1–15 watercourses). Study sites (streams): 1 – Ruda; 2, 11 – Brda; 3 – Lipczynka; 4 – Chocina; 5 – Stawek; 6 – Czerwonka; 7 – Kulawa; 8, 10 – Zbrzyca; 9 – Kłonecznica; 12 – Graniczna; 13 – Wierzyca;14 – Święta Struga; 15 – Oliwa

Figure 2

Age stages of Potamogeton alpinus, where RS – resting stage (winter bud), J – juvenile, M – mature, G – generative, S – senile
Age stages of Potamogeton alpinus, where RS – resting stage (winter bud), J – juvenile, M – mature, G – generative, S – senile

Figure 3

The number of age stages in the populations, where: J – juvenile, M – mature, G – generative, S – senile age stage
The number of age stages in the populations, where: J – juvenile, M – mature, G – generative, S – senile age stage

Figure 4

Development of P. alpinus population in one year in the study area, where: RS – resting stage (winter bud), J – juvenile, M – mature, G – generative, S – senescent
Development of P. alpinus population in one year in the study area, where: RS – resting stage (winter bud), J – juvenile, M – mature, G – generative, S – senescent

Characteristics of age stages (J–S, where: J – juvenile, M – mature, G – generative, S – senile) and the time of their residence in the population, on the basis of 728 plant samples

Trait/Age stage J M G S
No. of samples 79 482 125 42
Height of shoot (cm) 4.5 ± 2.0 32.1 ±23.6 54.9 ± 32.4 15.0 ± 15.9
(1.2–13.0) (3.5–185.5) (19.5–173.5) (1.1–66.0)
Number of leaves 2.3 ± 2.4 11.5± 3.3 14.2 ± 3.2 2.3 ± 3.1
(0–7) (4–22) (7–23) (0–9)
Biomass (mg d.w.) 13.4 ± 12.3 43.1 ± 23.4 70.3 ± 29.9 16.8 ± 14.9
(1.8–62.3) (5.6–136.1) (13.7–180.5) (2.0–68.5)
Allocation of biomass to stem (%) 28.7 ±21.5 22.3 ± 9.2 28.9 ± 8.0 44.4 ± 20.8
(4.0–95.5) (3.3–62.7) (13.6–57.1) (7.4–90.4)
Allocation of biomass to rhizome with roots (%) 53.8 ± 20.2 20.9 ± 14.4 9.3 ± 6.4 38.5 ± 23.0
(4.5–96.0) (2.1–82.1) (1.2–47.0) (7.9–92.6)
Allocation of biomass to leaves (%) 17.5 ± 19.9 56.9 ± 13.4 57.4 ± 9.8 17.5 ± 24.3
(0–71.4) (12.0–88.0) (24.4–77.4) (0–71.5)
Allocation of biomass to generative structures (%) 0 0 4.9 ± 5.2 0
(0.1–38.0)
Residence time (weeks) 28 18 12 16
Week in the year 12–40 22–40 24–36 30–44
Temperature of water (°C) 13.9 ± 5.23 16.3 ± 4.23 18.2 ± 3.46 13.1 ±6.12
(5.2–24.5) (8.3–24.5) (13.0–24.5) (3.4–24.4)

Water characteristics at the sites (1–15) of P. alpinus

Trait PH Cond. Calcium Total nitrogen Total phosphorus Water color Flow PAR
Site (μS cm−1) (mg Ca dm−3) (mg N dm−3) (mg P dm−3) (mg Pt dm−3) (m s−1) (%)
1 7.7 272 ± 25 59.4 ± 1.2 2.6 ± 0.2 0.1 ± 0.0 20±3 0.5 ± 0.01 42.4 ± 1.2
2 7.9 257 ± 8 57.8 ± 1.0 2.2 ± 0.2 0.4 ± 0.0 19±1 0.2 ± 0.00 58.3 ± 4.6
3 7.2 197 ±13 44.4 ± 0.3 0.7 ± 0.3 0.1 ± 0.0 28±3 0.3 ± 0.02 43.4 ± 3.2
4 7.6 290 ± 23 58.6 ± 0.0 1.1 ±0.2 0.3 ± 0.1 26±8 0.4 ± 0.06 50.2 ± 3.4
5 7.3 206 ± 9 54.8 ± 3.5 0.4 ± 0.1 0.4 ± 0.1 18±6 0.1 ±0.01 73.5 ± 2.6
6 7.3 270 ± 23 67.3 ± 1.1 1.0 ± 0.1 0.1 ± 0.0 40±6 0.2 ± 0.03 94.9 ± 3.3
7 7.8 220 ± 35 41.7 ± 1.2 1.5 ± 0.9 0.2 ± 0.2 7 ± 1 0.5 ± 0.09 44.8 ± 1.6
8 7.5 255 ± 28 45.2 ± 1.7 1.5 ± 0.8 0.5 ± 0.2 21 ± 1 0.2 ± 0.06 45.9 ± 5.1
9 7.8 185 ±19 46.0 ± 0.2 1.5 ± 0.3 0.1 ± 0.0 20±2 0.1 ±0.01 70.7 ± 2.7
10 7.5 214 ± 19 42.2 ± 0.4 1.7 ± 0.2 0.2 ± 0.1 55±4 0.7 ± 0.02 68.8 ± 6.0
11 8.0 220 ± 12 77.0 ± 0.3 1.6 ± 0.5 0.3 ± 0.1 15±5 0.3 ± 0.02 49.9 ± 2.4
12 7.7 269 ± 21 61.3 ± 4.3 2.9 ± 2.2 0.4 ± 0.3 13±3 0.3 ± 0.07 64.6 ± 1.4
13 7.7 340 ± 47 62.1 ±0.3 0.9 ± 0.1 0.2 ± 0.1 29±6 0.3 ± 0.05 54.0 ± 0.4
14 7.2 231 ± 16 45.5 ± 0.4 1.0 ± 0.1 0.2 ± 0.1 15±3 0.1 ±0.01 44.3 ± 0.8
15 8.7 332 ± 24 56.6 ± 0.8 1.7 ± 0.3 0.3 ± 0.1 25±2 0.1 ±0.01 36.8 ± 1.7
eISSN:
1897-3191
Język:
Angielski
Częstotliwość wydawania:
4 razy w roku
Dziedziny czasopisma:
Chemistry, other, Geosciences, Life Sciences