Characteristics of the growth rate and lipid production in fourteen strains of Baltic green microalgae

Figure 1

Figure 2

Volumetric lipid productivity (PLV) of green algae reported in literature, listed together with Baltic strains indicated in this study as characterized by high productivity

Species/strain	PLV [mg × l−1 × day−1]	Culture conditions temp.; light; medium	References
Botryococcus braunii	5.51	25°C; 150 μmol m2 s−1; CHU13	(Yoo et al. 2010)
Monoraphidium sp. FXY-10	6.88	25°C; 70 μmol m2 s−1; BG11	(Yu et al. 2012)
Chlorella vulgaris	6.91	25°C; 150 μmol m2 s−1; BG11	(Yoo et al. 2010)
Scenedesmus sp.	9.50	150 μmol m2 s−1	(Lee et al. 2010)
Chlorella minutussima	10.24 (calculated)	25°C; 77 μmol m2 s−1; Guillard’s marine medium	(Illman et al. 2000)
Chlorella vulgaris	11.10	150 μmol m2 s−1; BG11	(Lee et al. 2010)
Chlorococcum sp.	11.30	28°C; 54 μmol m2 s−1; BG11	(Harwati et al. 2012)
Botryococcus sp.	11.50	150 μmol m2 s−1; BG11	(Lee et al. 2010)
Microthamnion sp. BA-173	17.23	18°C; 100 μmol m2 s−1; f/2	this study
Oocystis submarina BA-1	19.92	18°C; 100 μmol m2 s−1; f/2	this study
Scenedemus sp.	20.65	25°C; 140 μmol m2 s−1; CHU13; CO2 enriched	(Yoo et al. 2010)
Chlorella vulgaris BA-2	23.89	18°C; 100 μmol m2 s−1; f/2	this study
Kirchneriella lunaris	24.22	25°C; 140 μmol m2 s−1; CHU13; CO2 enriched	(Nascimento et al. 2013)
Scenedesmus obliquus	26.77	25°C; 140 μmol m2 s−1; CHU13; CO2 enriched	(Nascimento et al. 2013)
Chlorella vulgaris	27.00	25°C; 250 μmol m2 s−1; 3N BBM; CO2 enriched	(Griffiths et al. 2012)
Monoraphidium sp. BA-165	28.85	18°C; 100 μmol m2 s−1; f/2	this study
Scenedesmus sp.	29.00	25°C; 250 μmol m2 s−1; 3N BBM; CO2 enriched	(Griffiths et al. 2012)
Chlorella fusca BA-18	29.49	18°C; 100 μmol m2 s−1; f/2	this study
Chlorella minutussima BA-12	31.23	18°C; 100 μmol m2 s−1; f/2	this study
Chlorella sp. BA-167	31.26	18°C; 100 μmol m2 s−1; f/2	this study
Chlorella vulgaris BA-80	37.43	18°C; 100 μmol m2 s−1; f/2	this study
Ankistrodesmus falcatus	56.07	25°C; 140 μmol m2 s−1; CHU13; CO2 enriched	(Nascimento et al. 2013)
Botryococcus braunii	112.43	25°C; 140 μmol m2 s−1; CHU13; CO2 enriched	(Nascimento et al. 2013)
Chlorella vulgaris	204.91	25°C; 140 μmol m2 s−1; CHU13; CO2 enriched	(Nascimento et al. 2013)

List of strains used in the study and their morphological characteristics_ Species names are consistent with the catalog of the CCBA collection_

Strain	CCBA designation	Cell volume min.- (median)-max [μm3]	Cell shape
Oocystis submarina	BA-1	42–(92)–285	rotational ellipsoid
Chlorella vulgaris	BA-2	65–(133)–303	sphere
Oocystis parva	BA-3	45–(147)–260	rotational ellipsoid
Chlorella minutussima	BA-12	8–(18)–73	sphere
Chlorella fusca	BA-18	33–(113)–2144	sphere
Chlorella vulgaris	BA-76	15–(35)–103	rotational ellipsoid
Chlorella vulgaris	BA-80	65–(155)–425	sphere
Scenedesmus sp.	BA-147	66–(244)–707	rotational ellipsoid
Dictyosphaerium sp.	BA-157	31–(131)–298	sphere
Monoraphidium sp.	BA-165	34–(67)–120	2 cones
Chlorella sp.	BA-167	19–(50)–126	sphere
Stichococcus sp.	BA-168	5–(12)–24	cylinder
Oocystis cf. submarina	BA-172	66–(129)–388	rotational ellipsoid
Microthamnion kuetzingianum	BA-173	48–(131)–237	cylinder; filamentous

Growth and lipid accumulation characteristics in the tested strains

Strain	Final cell count [cells ml−1]	Growth rate μ [d−1]	Lipid yield [mg l−1]	Cellular lipid content [pg cell−1]
Oocystis submarina BA-1	3.56 × 106 ± 7.72 × 104	0.35 ± 0.01	57.59 ± 0.50	16.19 ± 0.29
Chlorella vulgaris BA-2	1.13 × 107±2.66 × 105	0.42 ± 0.01	56.82 ± 6.29	5.05 ± 0.43
Oocystis parva BA-3	7.25 × 106 ±1.53 × 105	0.38 ± 0.01	38.64 ± 2.17	5.33 ± 0.33
Chlorella minutussima BA-12	3.72 × 107 ± 7.25 × 106	0.5 ± 0.06	62.52 ± 9.78	1.68 ± 0.26
Chlorella fusca BA-18	1.64 × 107 ± 3.85 × 105	0.45 ± 0.01	64.85 ± 10.81	3.96 ± 0.64
Chlorella vulgaris BA-76	1.33 × 106 ± 7.83 × 105	0.26 ± 0.03	3.50 ± 3.13	2.63 ± 2.51
Chlorella vulgaris BA-80	3.07 × 107 ±1.44 × 106	0.49 ± 0.01	75.90 ± 9.32	2.48 ± 0.41
Scenedesmus sp. BA-147	1.87 × 106 ±2.02 × 105	0.26 ± 0.01	46.39 ± 8.49	24.81 ± 2.70
Dictyosphaerium sp. BA-157	9.84 × 106 ± 3.71 × 105	0.30 ± 0.01	31.57 ± 3.44	3.21 ±0.15
Monoraphidium sp. BA-165	1.30 × 107 ± 3.65 × 105	0.35 ± 0.01	81.13 ± 15.91	6.26 ± 1.29
Chlorella sp. BA-167	1.65 × 107 ± 2.64 × 105	0.39 ± 0.01	80.53 ± 3.60	4.89 ±0.13
Stichococcus sp. BA-168	1.95 × 107 ± 3.38 × 106	0.35 ± 0.01	16.80 ± 4.34	0.86 ±0.15
Oocystis cf. submarina BA-172	2.80 × 106 ± 9.05 × 104	0.24 ± 0.01	43.47 ± 7.29	15.54 ± 2.90
Microthamnion sp. BA-173	4.61 × 106 ±1.70 × 105	0.30 ± 0.01	56.41 ± 2.74	12.23 ± 0.14