Mitigating Hot Spot Problems in Wireless Sensor Networks Using Tier-Based Quantification Algorithm

One of the key issues in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) is the hot-spot problem i.e. the nodes closer to the sink tend to drain their energy at a faster rate when compared to other nodes as they have to perform more communication and hence the sensor network may get isolated. In this paper we are using an integrated MAC and routing protocol which divides the network into tiers. We also propose a quantification algorithm, which decides the number of nodes in each tier to mitigate the hot-spot problem.