This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 License.
Ahren B, Mansson S, Gingerich RL, Havel PJ. Regulation of plasma leptin in mice: influence of age, high-fat diet, and fasting. Am J Physiol. 1997; 273:R113–20.AhrenBManssonSGingerichRLHavelPJRegulation of plasma leptin in mice: influence of age, high-fat diet, and fasting1997273R1132010.1152/ajpregu.1997.273.1.R1139249540Search in Google Scholar
Friedman JM, Halaas JL. Leptin and the regulation of body weight in mammals. Nature. 1998; 395:763–70.FriedmanJMHalaasJLLeptin and the regulation of body weight in mammals19983957637010.1038/273769796811Search in Google Scholar
Ahren B, Baldwin RM, Havel PJ. Pharmacokinetics of human leptin in mice and rhesus monkeys. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 2000; 24:1579–85.AhrenBBaldwinRMHavelPJPharmacokinetics of human leptin in mice and rhesus monkeys20002415798510.1038/sj.ijo.080144711126209Search in Google Scholar
Bodosi B, Gardi J, Hajdu I, Szentirmai E, Obal F Jr., Krueger JM. Rhythms of ghrelin, leptin, and sleep in rats: effects of the normal diurnal cycle, restricted feeding, and sleep deprivation. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol. 2004; 287:R1071–9.BodosiBGardiJHajduISzentirmaiEObalF Jr.KruegerJMRhythms of ghrelin, leptin, and sleep in rats: effects of the normal diurnal cycle, restricted feeding, and sleep deprivation2004287R1071910.1152/ajpregu.00294.200415475503Search in Google Scholar
Sinha MK, Sturis J, Ohannesian J, Magosin S, Stephens T, Heiman ML, et al. Ultradian oscillations of leptin secretion in humans. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1996; 228:733–8.SinhaMKSturisJOhannesianJMagosinSStephensTHeimanMLet alUltradian oscillations of leptin secretion in humans1996228733810.1006/bbrc.1996.17248941346Search in Google Scholar
Kalsbeek A, Fliers E, Romijn JA, la Fleur SE, Wortel J, Bakker O, et al. The suprachiasmatic nucleus generates the diurnal changes in plasma leptin levels. Endocrinology. 2001; 142:2677–85.KalsbeekAFliersERomijnJAla FleurSEWortelJBakkerOet alThe suprachiasmatic nucleus generates the diurnal changes in plasma leptin levels200114226778510.1210/endo.142.6.819711356719Search in Google Scholar
Mastronardi CA, Walczewska A, Yu WH, Karanth S, Parlow AF, McCann SM. The possible role of prolactin in the circadian rhythm of leptin secretion in male rats. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med. 2000; 224:152–8.MastronardiCAWalczewskaAYuWHKaranthSParlowAFMcCannSMThe possible role of prolactin in the circadian rhythm of leptin secretion in male rats2000224152810.1046/j.1525-1373.2000.22414.x10865230Search in Google Scholar
Cammisotto PG, Gelinas Y, Deshaies Y, Bukowiecki LJ. Regulation of leptin secretion from white adipocytes by free fatty acids. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 2003; 285:E521–6.CammisottoPGGelinasYDeshaiesYBukowieckiLJRegulation of leptin secretion from white adipocytes by free fatty acids2003285E521610.1152/ajpendo.00052.200312736159Search in Google Scholar
Coleman RA, Herrmann TS. Nutritional regulation of leptin in humans. Diabetologia. 1999; 42:639–46.ColemanRAHerrmannTSNutritional regulation of leptin in humans1999426394610.1007/s00125005121010382582Search in Google Scholar
Langendonk JG, Pijl H, Toornvliet AC, Burggraaf J, Frolich M, Schoemaker RC, et al. Circadian rhythm of plasma leptin levels in upper and lower body obese women: influence of body fat distribution and weight loss. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1998; 83:1706–12.LangendonkJGPijlHToornvlietACBurggraafJFrolichMSchoemakerRCet alCircadian rhythm of plasma leptin levels in upper and lower body obese women: influence of body fat distribution and weight loss19988317061210.1210/jcem.83.5.47179589680Search in Google Scholar
Boni-Schnetzler M, Hauri C, Zapf J. Leptin is suppressed during infusion of recombinant human insulin-like growth factor I (rhIGF I) in normal rats. Diabetologia. 1999; 42:160–6.Boni-SchnetzlerMHauriCZapfJLeptin is suppressed during infusion of recombinant human insulin-like growth factor I (rhIGF I) in normal rats199942160610.1007/s00125005113410064095Search in Google Scholar
Lissett CA, Clayton PE, Shalet SM. The acute leptin response to GH. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2001; 86:4412–5.LissettCAClaytonPEShaletSMThe acute leptin response to GH2001864412510.1210/jcem.86.9.779611549684Search in Google Scholar
Leury BJ, Baumgard LH, Block SS, Segoale N, Ehrhardt RA, Rhoads RP, et al. Effect of insulin and growth hormone on plasma leptin in periparturient dairy cows. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol. 2003; 285:R1107–15.LeuryBJBaumgardLHBlockSSSegoaleNEhrhardtRARhoadsRPet alEffect of insulin and growth hormone on plasma leptin in periparturient dairy cows2003285R11071510.1152/ajpregu.00320.200312881203Search in Google Scholar
Malmlof K, Din N, Johansen T, Pedersen SB. Growth hormone affects both adiposity and voluntary food intake in old and obese female rats. Eur J Endocrinol. 2002; 146:121–8.MalmlofKDinNJohansenTPedersenSBGrowth hormone affects both adiposity and voluntary food intake in old and obese female rats2002146121810.1530/eje.0.146012111751077Search in Google Scholar
Thammacharoen S, Nguyen T, Suthikai W, Chanchai W, Chanpongsang S, Chaiyabutr N. Somatotropin supplementation decreases feed intake in crossbred dairy goats during the early phase of lactation. Small Ruminant Res. 2014; 121:368–75.ThammacharoenSNguyenTSuthikaiWChanchaiWChanpongsangSChaiyabutrNSomatotropin supplementation decreases feed intake in crossbred dairy goats during the early phase of lactation20141213687510.1016/j.smallrumres.2014.07.005Search in Google Scholar
List EO, Palmer AJ, Berryman DE, Bower B, Kelder B, Kopchick JJ. Growth hormone improves body composition, fasting blood glucose, glucose tolerance and liver triacylglycerol in a mouse model of diet-induced obesity and type 2 diabetes. Diabetologia. 2009; 52:1647–55.ListEOPalmerAJBerrymanDEBowerBKelderBKopchickJJGrowth hormone improves body composition, fasting blood glucose, glucose tolerance and liver triacylglycerol in a mouse model of diet-induced obesity and type 2 diabetes20095216475510.1007/s00125-009-1402-z19468705Search in Google Scholar
Chaiyabutr N, Chanchai W, Sitprija S, Boonsanit D, Thammacharoen S, Chanpongsang S. Interactions of circulating metabolic hormones and metabolites of crossbred holstein cattle in response to supplemental recombinant bovine somatotropin (rbST) and cooling management with misters and fans at different stages of lactation in the tropics. J Anim Vet Adv. 2015; 14:219–31.ChaiyabutrNChanchaiWSitprijaSBoonsanitDThammacharoenSChanpongsangSInteractions of circulating metabolic hormones and metabolites of crossbred holstein cattle in response to supplemental recombinant bovine somatotropin (rbST) and cooling management with misters and fans at different stages of lactation in the tropics20151421931Search in Google Scholar
Berryman DE, Glad CA, List EO, Johannsson G. The GH/IGF-1 axis in obesity: pathophysiology and therapeutic considerations. Nat Rev Endocrinol. 2013; 9:346–56.BerrymanDEGladCAListEOJohannssonGThe GH/IGF-1 axis in obesity: pathophysiology and therapeutic considerations201393465610.1038/nrendo.2013.6423568441Search in Google Scholar
Bray GA, Tartaglia LA. Medicinal strategies in the treatment of obesity. Nature. 2000; 404:672–7.BrayGATartagliaLAMedicinal strategies in the treatment of obesity2000404672710.1038/3500754410766254Search in Google Scholar
Campfield LA, Smith FJ, Burn P. Strategies and potential molecular targets for obesity treatment. Science. 1998; 280:1383.CampfieldLASmithFJBurnPStrategies and potential molecular targets for obesity treatment1998280138310.1126/science.280.5368.13839603722Search in Google Scholar
Moller N, Jorgensen JO. Effects of growth hormone on glucose, lipid, and protein metabolism in human subjects. Endocr Rev. 2009; 30:152–77.MollerNJorgensenJOEffects of growth hormone on glucose, lipid, and protein metabolism in human subjects2009301527710.1210/er.2008-002719240267Search in Google Scholar
Leibowitz SF, Chang GQ, Dourmashkin JT, Yun R, Julien C, Pamy PP. Leptin secretion after a high-fat meal in normal-weight rats: strong predictor of long-term body fat accrual on a high-fat diet. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 2006; 290:E258–67.LeibowitzSFChangGQDourmashkinJTYunRJulienCPamyPPLeptin secretion after a high-fat meal in normal-weight rats: strong predictor of long-term body fat accrual on a high-fat diet2006290E2586710.1152/ajpendo.00609.200416403782Search in Google Scholar
Cacho J, Sevillano J, de Castro J, Herrera E, Ramos MP. Validation of simple indexes to assess insulin sensitivity during pregnancy in Wistar and Sprague-Dawley rats. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 2008; 295:E1269–76.CachoJSevillanoJdeCastro JHerreraERamosMPValidation of simple indexes to assess insulin sensitivity during pregnancy in Wistar and Sprague-Dawley rats2008295E12697610.1152/ajpendo.90207.200818796548Search in Google Scholar
Lomonaco R, Ortiz-Lopez C, Orsak B, Webb A, Hardies J, Darland C, et al. Effect of adipose tissue insulin resistance on metabolic parameters and liver histology in obese patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Hepatology. 2012; 55:1389–97.LomonacoROrtiz-LopezCOrsakBWebbAHardiesJDarlandCet alEffect of adipose tissue insulin resistance on metabolic parameters and liver histology in obese patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease20125513899710.1002/hep.2553922183689Search in Google Scholar
Malmlof K, Johansen T. Growth hormone-mediated breakdown of body fat: insulin and leptin responses to GH are modulated by diet composition and caloric intake in old rats. Horm Metab Res. 2003; 35:236–42.MalmlofKJohansenTGrowth hormone-mediated breakdown of body fat: insulin and leptin responses to GH are modulated by diet composition and caloric intake in old rats2003352364210.1055/s-2003-3948012778367Search in Google Scholar
Malmlof K, Fledelius C, Johansen T, Theodorsson E. The anorectic response to growth hormone in obese rats is associated with an increased rate of lipid oxidation and decreased hypothalamic galanin. Physiol Behav. 2011; 102:459–65.MalmlofKFledeliusCJohansenTTheodorssonEThe anorectic response to growth hormone in obese rats is associated with an increased rate of lipid oxidation and decreased hypothalamic galanin20111024596510.1016/j.physbeh.2010.12.01221168429Search in Google Scholar
Lee MJ, Wang Y, Ricci MR, Sullivan S, Russell CD, Fried SK. Acute and chronic regulation of leptin synthesis, storage, and secretion by insulin and dexamethasone in human adipose tissue. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 2007; 292:E858–64.LeeMJWangYRicciMRSullivanSRussellCDFriedSKAcute and chronic regulation of leptin synthesis, storage, and secretion by insulin and dexamethasone in human adipose tissue2007292E8586410.1152/ajpendo.00439.200617122089Search in Google Scholar
Levy JR, Lesko J, Krieg RJ Jr., Adler RA, Stevens W. Leptin responses to glucose infusions in obesity-prone rats. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 2000; 279:E1088–96.LevyJRLeskoJKriegRJ Jr.AdlerRAStevensWLeptin responses to glucose infusions in obesity-prone rats2000279E10889610.1152/ajpendo.2000.279.5.E108811052964Search in Google Scholar
Lee MJ, Fried SK. Multilevel regulation of leptin storage, turnover, and secretion by feeding and insulin in rat adipose tissue. J Lipid Res. 2006; 47:1984–93.LeeMJFriedSKMultilevel regulation of leptin storage, turnover, and secretion by feeding and insulin in rat adipose tissue20064719849310.1194/jlr.M600065-JLR20016738357Search in Google Scholar
Walker CG, Bryson JM, Bell-Anderson KS, Hancock DP, Denyer GS, Caterson ID. Insulin determines leptin responses during a glucose challenge in fed and fasted rats. Int J Obes. 2005; 29:398–405.WalkerCGBrysonJMBell-AndersonKSHancockDPDenyerGSCatersonIDInsulin determines leptin responses during a glucose challenge in fed and fasted rats20052939840510.1038/sj.ijo.080288415672109Search in Google Scholar
Lee MJ, Fried SK. Integration of hormonal and nutrient signals that regulate leptin synthesis and secretion. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 2009; 296:E1230–8.LeeMJFriedSKIntegration of hormonal and nutrient signals that regulate leptin synthesis and secretion2009296E1230810.1152/ajpendo.90927.2008269240019318513Search in Google Scholar
Ahima RS, Prabakaran D, Mantzoros C, Qu D, Lowell B, Maratos-Flier E, et al. Role of leptin in the neuroendocrine response to fasting. Nature. 1996; 382:250–2.AhimaRSPrabakaranDMantzorosCQuDLowellBMaratos-FlierEet alRole of leptin in the neuroendocrine response to fasting1996382250210.1038/382250a0Search in Google Scholar
Kasuga M, Akanuma Y, Iwamoto Y, Kosaka K. Effects of fasting and refeeding of insulin receptors and glucose metabolism in rat adipocytes. Endocrinology. 1977; 100:1384–90.KasugaMAkanumaYIwamotoYKosakaKEffects of fasting and refeeding of insulin receptors and glucose metabolism in rat adipocytes197710013849010.1210/endo-100-5-1384Search in Google Scholar
Duncan RE, Ahmadian M, Jaworski K, Sarkadi-Nagy E, Sul HS. Regulation of lipolysis in adipocytes. Annu Rev Nutr. 2007; 27:79–101.DuncanREAhmadianMJaworskiKSarkadi-NagyESulHSRegulation of lipolysis in adipocytes2007277910110.1146/annurev.nutr.27.061406.093734Search in Google Scholar
Hettiarachchi M, Watkinson A, Jenkins AB, Theos V, Ho KK, Kraegen EW. Growth hormone-induced insulin resistance and its relationship to lipid availability in the rat. Diabetes. 1996; 45:415–21.HettiarachchiMWatkinsonAJenkinsABTheosVHoKKKraegenEWGrowth hormone-induced insulin resistance and its relationship to lipid availability in the rat1996454152110.2337/diab.45.4.415Search in Google Scholar
Thirone AC, Carvalho CR, Brenelli SL, Velloso LA, Saad MJ. Effect of chronic growth hormone treatment on insulin signal transduction in rat tissues. Mol Cell Endocrinol. 1997; 130:33–42.ThironeACCarvalhoCRBrenelliSLVellosoLASaadMJEffect of chronic growth hormone treatment on insulin signal transduction in rat tissues1997130334210.1016/S0303-7207(97)00071-3Search in Google Scholar
Petersen MC, Vatner DF, Shulman GI. Regulation of hepatic glucose metabolism in health and disease. Nat Rev Endocrinol. 2017; 13:572–87.PetersenMCVatnerDFShulmanGIRegulation of hepatic glucose metabolism in health and disease2017135728710.1038/nrendo.2017.80577717228731034Search in Google Scholar
Kahn BB, Flier JS. Obesity and insulin resistance. J Clin Invest. 2000; 106:473–81.KahnBBFlierJSObesity and insulin resistance20001064738110.1172/JCI1084238025810953022Search in Google Scholar
Wang J, Liu R, Hawkins M, Barzilai N, Rossetti L. A nutrient-sensing pathway regulates leptin gene expression in muscle and fat. Nature. 1998; 393:684–8.WangJLiuRHawkinsMBarzilaiNRossettiLA nutrient-sensing pathway regulates leptin gene expression in muscle and fat1998393684810.1038/314749641678Search in Google Scholar
Halberg N, Henriksen M, Soderhamn N, Stallknecht B, Ploug T, Schjerling P, et al. Effect of intermittent fasting and refeeding on insulin action in healthy men. J Appl Physiol. 2005; 99:2128–36.HalbergNHenriksenMSoderhamnNStallknechtBPlougTSchjerlingPet alEffect of intermittent fasting and refeeding on insulin action in healthy men20059921283610.1152/japplphysiol.00683.200516051710Search in Google Scholar