Applying Chorems in the Cartographic Presentation of Barriers to Socio-Economic Development in Poland
Elżbieta Bielecka
Faculty of Civil Engineering and Geodesy, Military University of TechnologyWarsaw, Poland
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, Anna Markowska
Institute of Geodesy and Cartography, Remote Sensing CentreWarsaw, Poland
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oraz Dariusz Dukaczewski
Institute of Geodesy and Cartography, Remote Sensing CentreWarsaw, Poland
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16 sie 2024
O artykule
Data publikacji: 16 sie 2024
Zakres stron: 113 - 123
Otrzymano: 06 mar 2024
DOI: https://doi.org/10.14746/quageo-2024-0030
Słowa kluczowe
© 2024 Elżbieta Bielecka et al., published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
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Fig. 6.
Data sources and indicators used_
| Data sources | Indicator |
|---|---|
| Delimitation of problem areas in Poland ( |
Problem areas in Poland |
| Delimitation of the Functional Urban Areas around Poland’s voivodship capital cities ( |
External zones to Functional Urban Areas around the voivodship cities |
| Spatial differentiation of the Poland population standard of living ( |
Hellwig’s development indicator |
| Demographic Atlas of Poland ( |
Population density, urbanisation rate, net migration for permanent residence, share of population accounted for by people of post-productive age (60/65+ years), unemployment |
| Statistical Atlas of Poland ( |
Satisfaction with Life Index, Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita, border traffic-rate of impact, economy – entrepreneurship, forest area, pollutions |
| Incomes and living conditions of the population of Poland– report from the European Union-SILC survey of 2022 ( |
The at-risk-of-poverty rate after social transfers by Nomenclature of Territorial Units for Statistics 2 (NUTS 2) in 2022 |
| Land cover changes and flows in the Polish Baltic coastal zone: A qualitative and quantitative approach ( |
Net changes in forest, agriculture and artificial areas |
Function used (based on Bertin 1967, Brunet 1993, Ducruet 2006)_
| Chorems elementary functions | Graphical signs | Comments | References to Bertin visual variables |
|---|---|---|---|
| Specialised | Indication of the cities’ functions ( |
Shape, colour, size, value | |
| Gradient | Zones of influence: the magnitude of the impact is illustrated by the brightness ( |
Value (lightness), size, colour, shape | |
| Closure | Closed boundary ( |
Colour, shape, size, orientation, grain, value | |
| Axis and its derivations (tropism) | Line of limitations and obstacles ( |
Colour, shape, size, orientation, value | |
| Surface | Area representing the chosen phenomenon ( |
Colour, value, size, grain | |
| Trend surface | Areas in which the phenomenon is observed to be developing in a particular direction ( |
Colour, shape, size, orientation, grain, value | |
| Dissymmetry | Centre of growth versus repulsiveness area | Size, shape, colour, value | |
| Gravitation | Centre-periphery model | Size, shape, colour, orientation, value |