<abstract><title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>The study of the nature of distribution of natural radioelements in Ilesha and its environs with its geological structure has been studied using aeroradiometric data. Aeromagnetic data have also been subjected to three automated gradient techniques to delineate the sub-surface structure of the study area. From the study, it can be found that maximum values of “eU” (ppm) and “eTh” (ppm) fall within the branded gneiss, whereas the maximum value of K (%) falls within porphyritic granite regions. eTh had the highest radioactive content. The environmental dose rate of Ilesha was between 0.1817 and 3.9296 msv/yr. Although there were extreme values, but the mean dose rate was 0.522 ± 0.310 msv/yr (within acceptable safe limit of 1.0 msv/yr). eU/K, eU/eTh and eTh/K ratios were analysed for enrichment or depletion of radioisotopes. eU/eTh &gt;1 showed uranium depletion, while eTh &gt;2 showed eTh enrichment. The magnetic intensity values ranged from -79.41 to 140.93 nT. The horizontal gradient method (HGM) and analytic signal amplitude (ASA) revealed that depth to magnetic sources ranged from 0.478 to 4.112 km and 0.348 to 2.551 km, respectively, whereas local wavenumber (LWN) depth ranged from 0.478 to 5.48 km, which overestimated those compared using HGM and ASA functions. The apparent susceptibility ranged from -0.00325 to 0.00323 SI, showing that ferromagnetic and diamagnetic mineral ranges control apparent susceptibility in Ilesha.</abstract>

High resolution airborne radiometric and magnetic studies of ilesha and its environs, southwestern Nigeria

<abstract><title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>In production it is necessary to achieve conditions that lead to the minimum decarburization of a steel product’s surfaces. In this study, the hypo-eutectoid carbon steel C45 was annealed in air in the temperature range <italic>T</italic>a = 600–1100 °C. The annealing times were between <italic>t</italic>a = ½ h and <italic>t</italic>a = 2 h. Different decarburizations occurred in different microstructures: ferrite–pearlite (<italic>T</italic>a = 600 °C and 700 °C, <italic>T</italic>a &lt; AC1, no visible decarburization); ferrite–austenite (<italic>T</italic>a = 760 °C, AC1 &lt; <italic>T</italic>a &lt; AC3, visible decarburization); austenite at the beginning, ferrite– austenite after the incubation period (<italic>T</italic>a = 850 °C, AC3 &lt; <italic>T</italic>a &lt; 912 °C, visible decarburization); and austenite (<italic>T</italic>a= 950 °C and 1100 °C, <italic>T</italic>a&gt; 912 °C, visible decarburization and overheating of steel). The edges were more prone to decarburization and to overheating. Stress relieving, normalizing and annealing before quenching of the steel C45 can be carried out in air.</abstract>

Decarburization of the Carbon Steel C45 During Annealing in Air

<abstract><title style='display:none'>Abstract</title> The Onigbedu limestone deposit was investigated using the aeromagnetic data, resistivity soundings and borings with the aim of characterizing the limestone deposit and estimating its reserves. The subsurface structural features and depth to basement were identified with the analysis of aeromagnetic data. Twenty nine boreholes were drilled for subsurface appraisal and correlation of the limestone deposit. Eighty nine Vertical Electrical Sounding (VES) were acquired using the Schlumberger array. The results showed NE-SW trending lineaments that segmented the limestone. Depth to basement varied from 144.2 m to 1090 m. The VES results showed four to six layers indicating the topsoil (7-315 Ωm), clay (2-25 Ωm), shale (6-31 Ωm), limestone (20-223 Ωm), sandstone (&gt;200 Ωm) and sandy materials. The VES results correlated well with the lithological unit delineated from the borehole. The overburden thickness ranged from 3.3 m to 28 m, while the limestone thickness varies between 18.1 m and 48.3 m. The limestone reserve was estimated at 1.9 × 109 t. This study concluded that the study area had vast occurrence of the limestone deposits, which would be of economic importance, if exploited.</abstract>

Exploration for limestone deposit at Onigbedu, South–Western Nigeria

<abstract><title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>Bioretention basins/rain garden is a very suitable low-impact development (LID) practice for storm water management around the globe. By using this practice in urban areas, flash flooding problems can be decreased and the environment of an area can be improved. The concept of bioretention was introduced a few decades ago and has been proven to be the best management practice (BMP) for storm water in urban areas. Due to urbanisation, natural surface areas are converted into hard surfaces such as roads, through which water cannot infiltrate into the ground. Due to this, infiltration decreases and surface run-off increases, which causes depletion of ground water continuously. In this study, we mainly explain the bioretention concept and its function as derived from different studies. This review includes different scientists’ results for the performance of the bioretention system at different locations. A summary of the research findings by different scientists on the performance of bioretention systems is also provided, including the hydrologic and water quality performances. Finally, future work necessary to enhance the performance and widespread use of bioretention systems is also explained.</abstract>

A review of the bioretention system for sustainable storm water management in urban areas

<abstract><title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>The aeromagnetic data of Idogo, Southwestern Nigeria, have been used to study the lithology and to determine the magnetic source parameters within Idogo and its environs. Idogo lies between latitudes 6°30′N and 7°00′N and between longitudes 2°30′E and 3°00′E. The magnetic anomaly map, the regional geology, the analytic signal and the local wavenumber were used to identify the nature and depth of the magnetic sources in the region. Data enhancement was carried out to delineate the residual features relative to the strong regional gradients and intense anomalies due to the basin features. The estimated basement depth using the horizontal gradient method revealed depths ranging between 0.55 km and 2.49 km, while the analytic signal amplitude and local wavenumber methods estimated depth to the magnetic sources to range from 0.57 km to 4.22 km and 0.96 km to 2.43 km, respectively. Depth computations suggested the presence of both shallow and deep sources. The total magnetic intensity values ranged from 3.1 nT to 108.3 nT. The area shows magnetic closures of various sizes in different parts of the area trending West, with prominence at the centre and distributed East–West.</abstract>

Estimation of Magnetic Contact Location and Depth of Magnetic Sources in a Sedimentary Formation

<abstract><title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>Geophysical and geotechnical techniques were used to investigate the sub-surface information of a proposed site for a hostel construction at Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta. Ten vertical electrical sounding (VES) stations were adopted. Typical sounding curves obtained include the HA, KH, AKH and KQH types, of which the AKH-type consists of 40% of the survey points, and a maximum of five geo-electric sub-surface layers were delineated. Laboratory analyses were performed to investigate particle size distribution, Atterberg limit, compaction limit, California bearing ratio (CBR) and specific gravity. The CBR revealed that all soil samples, except L4, are mechanically stable and have high load-bearing capacity. The Atterberg limit test and the geo-electric section showed that the second layer of VES 4 is composed of sandy clay with high plastic index and low liquid limit, which may pose a threat to the foundation of any engineering structure. VES locations 5, 6 and 8 were identified as high groundwater potential zones suitable for optimum groundwater abstraction. The study area is suitable for both shallow and deep foundations, however VES 4 and VES 5 require reinforcement.</abstract>

Site Characterization for Construction Purposes at FUNAAB using Geophysical and Geotechnical Methods

<abstract>
<title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>
This paper discusses the recycling of glass waste as a compound in the production of ceramic tiles. The present study aims to investigate the effects of glass waste (with two different granulometries) on the physical and mechanical properties of ceramic tiles, in order to demonstrate their suitability for the production of ceramic materials. A series of ceramic tiles was prepared based on bentonite (B) by adding 70, 65, and 60 wt% glass wastes (GW1 and GW2 with two different granulometries) into the batch composition. The ceramic tiles were sintered at a constant temperature of 900 °C following the same production protocol. The physical-mechanical properties and chemical durability of all ceramic tiles produced were evaluated. The results show that ceramic tiles can be produced from a basic mixture of 35% bentonite and 65% glass waste, with good physical, mechanical, and thermal properties (the local Algerian bentonite is considered a clay binder and has excellent plasticity).
</abstract>

Using glass wastes and bentonite to produce a new ceramic tile

<abstract>
<title style='display:none'>Abstract in English</title>
The granite of Abeokuta is part of the Older Granite suite of the basement complex of southwestern Nigeria. Field observation has identified the granite as porphyritic in texture, with a preferred alignment of megacrysts of K-feldspar &gt;5 cm that are mostly euhedral to subhedral in shape. K-feldspar megacrysts are predominantly yellowish, but whitish and pinkish colouration has also been observed. The dark grey porphyritic, mafic rock composition occurs as enclaves within the granite, with phenocrysts having a preferred alignment as the enclosing granite. Also, K-feldspar megacrysts show zoning defined by concentric arrangement of inclusions of biotite relative to the crystal faces. Petrographic study shows the following minerals in order of abundance: K-feldspar, biotite, quartz, and plagioclase, with K-feldspar having a microperthitic intergrowth and biotite crystals aligned in a preferred direction. Evidence such as the crystal shape of K-feldspars, preferred alignment of K-feldspar phenocrysts, and concentric crystallographic arrangements of inclusions of biotite in K-feldspar support a magmatic/phenocrystic origin of K-feldspar megacrysts of Abeokuta granite rather than originating by growing in a solid state as porphyroblasts.
</abstract>

Field Observations, Petrography, and Microstructures of Granite from Abeokuta Southwestern Nigeria

<abstract>
<title style='display:none'>Abstract in English</title>
Clean drinking water supply is a major concern to the population of the urban municipality of Boké, Republic of Guinea. This study is aimed to investigate the favourable geological structure for the accumulation of groundwater in Boké. Apparent resistivity data was collected by using the Schlumberger-type vertical electrical sounding technique. The apparent resistivity values were obtained on a bi-logarithmic scale in which the distances AB/2 were plotted on the abscissa and the resistivities are on the ordinate. It found the number of terrains and their characteristics (resistivity and thickness) in the area and the behaviour of the current in the soil through a curve. The results show that the structures favourable to the accumulation of groundwater were fractured dolerites, cracked shales and cracked or crushed sandstones. The sandstones were the most important in terms of the amount of water. They are located at a depth of more than 100 metres. It was also found that dolerites and shales are located at shallower depths (less than 100 m).
</abstract>

Identification of favourable geological formations for the determination of groundwater

<abstract>
<title style='display:none'>Abstract in English</title>
In this research paper we have determined the enthalpy of the Fe-Ni alloy using the ‘STA’ equipment at the laboratory of the University of Mitrovica “Isa Boletini”, Department of Materials and Metallurgy. The sample for analysis was taken at the Ferronikel plant, whereas the preparation of the sample for analysis on the ‘STA PT 1600’ equipment took place at the laboratory of the University of Mitrovica ‘Isa Boletini’.
The sample of the Fe-Ni alloy analysed was 2–4 cm in size, in the shape of a granule. It contained, 22.55% Ni, 76.51% Fe, and small amounts of other elements [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="j_rmzmag-2021-0012_ref_001">1</xref>, <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="j_rmzmag-2021-0012_ref_002">2</xref>]. During the analysis of the Fe-Ni alloy, we obtained three enthalpy values under analytical conditions that included a maximum temperature of 800 °C and a minimum temperature of 600 °C; the alloy was exposed to each temperature separately for 45 minutes at each temperature.
The results showed negative enthalpy values during the three scenarios examined and an exothermic process where ΔH&lt;0 [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="j_rmzmag-2021-0012_ref_003">3</xref>]. The enthalpy decreases as the system releases heat with an increase in temperature [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="j_rmzmag-2021-0012_ref_004">4</xref>].
</abstract>

Determining the Enthalpy of an Fe-Ni Alloy at Various Temperatures Using the ‘STA’ PT 1600 Equipment

<abstract>
<title style='display:none'>Abstract in English</title>
The process of frying the Fe-Ni charge in rotary kilns inherently produces large amounts of process dust, which rotary kilns clean out through the use of electrostatic precipitators [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="j_rmzmag-2021-0013_ref_001">1</xref>].
One kiln contains two sections of electrostatic precipitators as a safety mechanism [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="j_rmzmag-2021-0013_ref_001">1</xref>]. Electrodes installed in the sections produce electric fields when electricity passes through them, and ionize the dust.
The timing of the process must be coordinated carefully, and these electrodes are struck with hammers and occasionally shaken, generating quantities of dust which are then collected in a snail dust conveyor, then returned to the production process and recycled. In addition, a smaller amount of dust is derived from the gas chamber, which returns to production without entering the cleaning process in the electro filters. The difference between the two types of dust is their granulation size [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="j_rmzmag-2021-0013_ref_001">1</xref>].
We conducted the research during the years from 2017 through 2020, calculating the components of the rotary kiln process. Here, we present a linear equation as a result of the ratio of calcine and electrofilter dust.
</abstract>

Returning Electrostatic Precipitators to the Fe-Ni Production Process

<abstract>
<title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>
The main objective of this study is the recovery of dune sands and rubber waste (powders). The latter constitutes a potential source of several environmental and economic problems.
The objective of this present work is to examine the ability to use dune sand for the preparation of mortars with sufficient physico-mechanical properties to allow them to be used in various building construction applications. The formulation of the mixtures is based on replacing dune sand with powders, at different weight contents: 10 %, 20 %, and 30 %. The quantity of cement is set at 450 <italic>g</italic>. The results obtained show in the first place that the particle size of the mixture tends to be spread out with a remarkable increase in the fineness modulus, and in the second place the density of the mixture decreases by 6.5 % (for the apparent) and by 10 % (for the absolute), which means the calculation of loads for the resulting mortar must decrease. Porosity has decreased to 20 % and absorption has increased to 30%. The strengths have decreased over 40 % for compressive strength and over 30 % for tensile strength, with an improvement in the relationship between the two strengths.
</abstract>

Valuation of Rubber Waste and Dune Sand: mortar for construction and environmental protection

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Materials and Geoenvironment

 Description:  Old title: Rudarsko-metalurški zbornik (Mining and Metallurgy Quaterly).  Is issued quarterly by the Faculty of...

 Description:  Old title: Rudarsko-metalurški zbornik (Mining and Metallurgy Quaterly).  Is...