<abstract><title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>The adaptation of the forms and phenomena of nature is not a recent concept. Observation of natural mechanisms has been a primary source of innovation since prehistoric ages, which can be perceived through the history of architecture. Currently, this idea is coming to the front again through sustainable architecture and adaptive design. Investigating natural innovations and the clear-outness of evolution during the 20th century led to the creation of a separate scientific discipline, Bionics. Architecture and Bionics are strongly related to each other, since the act of building is as old as the human civilization - moreover its first formal and structural source was obviously the surrounding environment. Present paper discusses the definition of Bionics and its connection with the architecture.</abstract>

Bionics in architecture

<abstract><title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>In this article an extensive but not exhaustive review on different transformable systems - retractable roofs, deployable and retractable pantographic lattice systems, pop-up and snap-through type structures, tensegrity structures - used in architecture and civil engineering will be given. This study was carried out to explore earlier and current researches and technologies to demonstrate the available systems and their potential. However, the main goal of this article is to expose the wild range of structural systems requiring elaborate dynamical analysis, divers of them are still lacking profound calculation procedure.The reviewed systems are herein categorized in two groups: 1) multibody systems having additional controlling and stabilizing elements and 2) systems undergoing large deformation, and instability phenomena. The article will pan out about the applicable joint types, some of them involving friction and damping effects. For a better outline, simplified analysis of elementary segments of some reviewed systems is annexed.</abstract>

Institute of Civil Engineering, Ybl Miklos Faculty of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Szent Istvan University, Budapest, Hungary

Institute of Scientific Computing, TU Braunschweig, Germany

Laboratory of Mechanics and Technology, Ecole Normale Superieure de Cachan, France

Overview of Highly Flexible, Deployable Lattice Structures Used in Architecture and Civil Engineering Undergoing Large Displacements

<abstract><title style='display:none'>Abstract</title> This study examines the impact of environmental design on user experiences in the educational spaces of Tabriz Islamic Art University in Iran. In the research area, the affective assessment of four different spaces, which have been changed their function, was made. The research hypothesis is that users’ affective experience is influenced by environmental and architectural design. The method applied is the interpretation of the data obtained by the scores of the pleasure-arousal diagram of the affective and perceptional experience of 100 students in 16 educational spaces belonging to Tabriz Islamic Art University in Iran. As a result of the research, it has been verified that space design style has an active role in the affective experience of students, and there is a meaningful relationship between user’s spatial experience and the design style. In this context, it has been revealed that the spatial experiences of students in traditional spaces are positive and satisfactory in terms of interest, pleasuret and security, and that for the other three groups, many changes are required in the architectural design and spatial organization to provide positive motivation and emotional suitability.</abstract>

The Impact of Environmental and Archıtectural Design on Users’ Affective Experience

<abstract><title style='display:none'>Abstract</title> Reykjavík’s largest church, Hallgrímskirkja has become a symbol and an important part of Icelandic national identity. This edifice result of conscious planning process with its location and form reinforce its national significance. Its impact derives from several elements. Buildings symbolizing the identity of communities are usually quite conservative in form. Hallgrímskirkja, however, has distinct individual features that stem from architect Guðjón Samúelsson’s aspiration to express the nation’s identity in a specific architectural form.</abstract>

Hallgrímskirkja, Reykjavík. A Late Example of Expressionist Church Architecture

<abstract><title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>Religious buildings are important for many communities because of their representation of different beliefs. In such structures, the sense of individuality or unity &amp; togetherness are created according to variable worship activities; these different uses have also different acoustical requirements. In order to create the desired feeling in the space at the required time, rooms should be evaluated in terms of acoustical conditions.In the study, it is aimed to investigate the objective parameters of sound of the main prayer hall of the Bedirye Tiryaki Mencik Mosque, which was built recently in Manisa (Turkey). It is one of the modern examples of mosque architecture in Turkey. The structure differs from other contemporary examples with the design approach and construction technology. The mosque was built by using prefabrication technology for the entire structure. The acoustical evaluation of this recent example by comparing the recommended values of objective parameters shows that the building has balance between architectural and acoustical design.</abstract>

Acoustical Properties of Contemporary Mosques

<abstract><title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>The Concrete Canoe Competition has been organized second time in Hungary in 2013. The main point of the competition is to design and create a floating concrete object with specified dimensions, which does not contain statically rigid frame. A speed-trial is also part of the contest. The team of Szent István University, Ybl Miklós Faculty of Architecture and Civil Engineering attended both the first (2012) and the second (2013) competition. In both years the main part of designing and creation of the canoe was under the direction of employees of Building Materials division of the Insitute. Building a concrete canoe proved to be a complex challenge. Knowledge of different engineering fields was required to solve the task - questions about material properties, hydrodynamics, statics, technologies were needed to be solved. Present paper introduces the authors’ experience, investigations, and means of realization of the concrete canoe.</abstract>

CONCRETE CANOE: A COMPLEX CONCRETE TECHNOLOGY

<abstract>
<title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>
University of Obuda Ybl Miklós Faculty of Architecture and Civil Engineering launched an architectural competition to seek for forward-looking solutions for rehabilitation and revitalization of an unused and eroding building. The estate in question is located near the Faculty campus, under 9. Javor Street, 1145, Budapest. When the possibility of a renovation arose, leaders of the Faculty decided to involve the community of the students in order to represent their points of view. The open, secret competition had been launched on 8th September, and by the deadline 30th November fifteen proposals were submitted. Two of the most promising designs were awarded 1st prizes, one got a 2nd prize and two further submissions earned 3rd prize..
</abstract>

Proposals on open design competition to revitalize collage building in Javor street

<abstract>
<title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>
In recent work, heat-technical modeling, life cycle assessment, and rehabilitation of the vernacular adobe wall house is discussed. Our topic choice is based on the fact that a significant part of the Hungarian rural housing stock consist of adobe-walled buildings. The adobe wall construction is especially perfect for the seasonal climatic equalizing, which property has increasing ecological importance due to the effect of growing global warming up. Largely, these adobe-walled houses are part of our cultural heritage, therefore they are worth to preserving. Finally, their constructional conservation, energetical rehabilitation and also maintenance problems are briefly described..
</abstract>

Rethinking of the Vernacular Adobe Architecture Rehabilitation

Book review

<abstract>
<title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>
The widespread application of artificial intelligence is not the realm of utopias or science fiction any more. It is gradually entering practically all walks of life from science and technology to fine arts. It is most likely that architecture will neither escape this penetration in the near future. Moreover, besides some disturbing consequences, it will also reveal fundamentally new opportunities for the discipline/profession. It is up to us to decide what attitude we adopt towards it, but it is clear that this development should have profound consequences in the education of future architects, too. The paper focuses on the creative core (i.e. design) of architecture. The aims are to assess the changes and to raise awareness to these possible changes.
</abstract>

Artificial Intelligence and Architecture Towards a New Paradigm

<abstract>
<title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>
In a previous paper (Justification for ’Scrapping the Sky’, Ybl Journal of Built Environment, Vol. 7/1,) I set an overall framework for reviewing the elusive topic from its history to the state-of-theart, with a particular focus on urban design perspectives. While conducting the research, the subject offered many interesting (sometimes even surprising) findings. One of them is the so-called Hungarian connection: two epic protagonists who played a significant role in shaping the early skyline of Manhattan (Emery Roth and his sons) and Shanghai (Laszlo Hudec), respectively. Although their heritage is still striking on the ground, they seem to be not well known, particularly Roth, even among professional architects. Hence the rationale and the title of this paper.
</abstract>

Skyscrapers II: The Hungarian Connection(s)

<abstract><title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>The magic ‘vertical’ has always been a spiritually distinctive preoccupation of architecture throughout history. The paper intends to examine, from a series of perspectives, if the high-rise in principle is a good thing. The focus is on urban design implications, however engineering challenges and their design solutions are inseparable aspects of the problematic. It is also to further demystify some ideologies still attached to their widespread application. It concludes that there is a new awareness evolving about high-rise design that is superior to previous approaches.</abstract>

Justification for ‘Scrapping the Sky’ A Comprehensive International Review of Skyscrapers/High-Rise Buildings from an Urban Design Perspective

<abstract><title style='display:none'>Abstract</title> The world’s habitat is being deteriorated despite of the precautions taken. Construction industry is among the industries which highly effect the environment adversely not only through its outputs but also through the construction process and its inputs. The main focus in dealing with the reduction of its footprint has been on sustainable building certificates which mainly analyse the output of the construction activies. There is need to analyse the construction supply chain as a whole and to embed sustainability dynamics in construction supply chain management. Lean construction project management contributes to the reduction of the environmental footprint of the construction industry, enabling reduction in waste, and increasing value added activities. For this reason, based on an in depth literature review, this paper analyses and establishes the principles of the integration of the sustainability dynamics into lean construction supply chain management.</abstract>

Embending Sustainability Dynamics in the Lean Construction Supply Chain Management

<abstract><title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>There is a growing concern that the sustainability of our built environment is being endangered, due to the uncontrolled and massive use of non-renewable natural resources in the production of structural concrete that is used for the construction of her infrastructure. Alternative material resources are being discovered through myriads of research efforts to address this concern. One of such alternative materials is the wood waste material. This paper presents a comprehensive review of properties, structural behaviour and application potentials of concrete containing wood waste, either in form of saw dust ash (SDA) as partial replacement of cement, or saw dust as partial replacement of fine aggregates, or wood aggregates as partial replacement of coarse aggregates. The results of the review showed that, (i) with appropriate mix design, wood waste, either in the form of saw dust ash, or wood aggregate, or saw dust; can be incorporated into the concrete mix to develop structural concrete that satisfies codes requirements, provided the replacement is not above 20%,.and (ii) concrete incorporating SDA has good durability properties against most of the process of deterioration encountered by concrete in service life. Thus, the use of saw dust waste in concrete will enhance sustainable structural and constructional practices.</abstract>

A Review of the Properties, Structural Characteristics and Application Potentials of Concrete Containing Wood Waste as Partial Replacement of one of its Constituent Material

<abstract><title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>The nature of 3D ability is deeply considered, but little is known about students’ learning and understandings of technology and about the meaning to become more technologically capable. We considered the spatial intelligence of first-grade engineering students, how much that improved to the effect of 18 times 45 minutes course of computer-aided 3D modeling. We consider the success of our 3D course in spatial intelligence. According to the result of the tests, one-third of the engineer candidates has good spatial intelligence. We introduce some useful problems in 3D education; the presented problems help the students in learning how to solve technology problems, and how to design objects. We offer the intellectual pleasure of problem solving through 3D problems. Our CAD course excellently improves the spatial skills of the middle third of the students. Computer-aided 3D modeling also bridges the gap for students with worse spatial ability. Dealing with students in a more differentiated way about CAD modeling would be advisable.</abstract>

The CAD 3D course improves students’ spatial skills in the technology and design education

<abstract><title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>Regarding the aspects of climate policy, the building sector in Hungary is one of the best performing industries. This means that the GHGs (Greenhouse Gasses) the sector emits can be decreased more effectively and at less cost than in the case of other sectors. This is no surprise in the European Union, since there is a continual demand on behalf of society to develop old and outdated buildings, thus modern technological solutions also inherently result in operating efficacy. The ‘climate policy targeted’ development of the built environment based on EU funds is thus one of the most popular developments amongst European Union Member States. Therefore, the aim of the present study is to assess the climate policy effects of the presently preferred strategy approach(es) between 2020 and 2030.</abstract>

Faculty of Economics and Social Sciences, Climate Change Economic Research Centre, Szent István University, 1. Páter Károly Street, Gödöllő, 2100, Hungary

Low-carbon Building Innovation Trends and Policy Pespectives in Hungary between 2020 and 2030

<abstract><title style='display:none'>Abstract</title> In the case of economic and social wealth, it is strategically essential to provide reliable energy sources which are available in long-term. Setting an energy network which suits the sustainable criteria might take a long time. Therefore, it is important to make decisions on the energy sector in advance. The Hungarian National Energy strategy elaborated on certain scenarios towards 2030, which describe the possible electricity generation opportunities up to 2020 and 2030. For 2020, there is already an accurate recommendation, but in case of the 2030 targets, there are several ways for innovation. Out of all, the realization of the “Nuclear-Carbon-Green” scenario seems most likely to be implemented. It implies the obvious involvement of nuclear energy potential development in the future strategies. Considering this trend, the present study divides the mentioned strategy into “Nuclear-Carbon” and “Nuclear-Green” scenarios to compare their long-term efficiency by economic means.</abstract>

Climate Change Economics Research Centre, Szent István University, Gödöllő, Hungary

Department of Operations Management and Logistics, Szent István University, Gödöllő, Hungary

The Cost-Benefit Relations of the Future Environmental Related Developments Strategies in the Hungarian Energy Sector

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YBL Journal of Built Environment

The Journal of Szent István University, Ybl Miklós Faculty of Architecture and Civil Engineering

 "Ybl Journal of Built Environment” is an international scientific journal published by the Óbuda University, edited by Ybl Miklós Faculty of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Budapest. It aims...

 "Ybl Journal of Built Environment” is an international scientific journal published by the Óbuda University, edited by Ybl Miklós Faculty of Architecture...