[
Alcala-Diaz, J. F., Limia-Perez, L., Gomez-Huelgas, R., Martin-Escalante, M. D., Cortes-Rodriguez, B., Zambrana-Garcia, J. L., Entrenas-Castillo, M., Perez-Caballero, A. I., López-Carmona, M. D., Garcia-Alegria, J., et al. (2021). Calcifediol treatment and hospital mortality due to COVID-19: A cohort study. Nutrients, 13 (6), 1760. DOI: 10.3390/nu13061760.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Amer, M., Qayyum, R. (2012). Relation between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D and C-ractive protein in asymptomatic adults. Amer. J. Cardiol., 109 (2), 226–230. DOI: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2011.08.032.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Annweiler, C., Beaudenon, M., Gautier, J., Gonsard, J., Boucher, S., Chapelet, G., Darsonval, A., Fougčre, B., Guérin, O., Houvet, M., et al. (2022). High-dose versus standard-dose vitamin D supplementation in older adults with COVID-19 (COVIT-TRIAL): A multicenter, open-label, randomized controlled superiority trial. PloS, 19 (5), e1003999. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1003999.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Annweiler, C., Hanotte, B., Grandin de l'Eprevier, C., Sabatier, J. M., Lafaie, L., Célarier, T. (2020). Vitamin D and survival in COVID-19 patients: A quasi-experimental study. J. Steroid Biochem. Mol. Biol., 204, 105771. DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2020.105771.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Arabi, S. M., Ranjbar, G., Bahrami, L. S., Vafa, M., Norouzy, A. (2020). The effect of vitamin D supplementation on hemoglobin concentration: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Nutrition, 19 (1), 11. DOI: 10.1186/s12937-020-0526-3.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Asghar, M. S., Yasmin, F., Ahsan, M. N., Alvi, H., Taweesedt, P., Surani, S. (2021). Comparison of first and second waves of COVID-19 through severity markers in ICU patients of a developing country. J. Community Hosp. Intern. Med. Perspect., 11 (5), 576–584. DOI: 10.1080/20009666.2021.1949793.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Aspell, N., Laird, E., Healy, M., Shannon, T., Lawlor, B., O’Sullivan, M. (2019). The prevalence and determinants of vitamin D status in community-dwelling older adults: Results from the English longitudinal study of ageing (ELSA). Nutrients, 11 (6), 1253. DOI: 10.3390/nu11061253.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Azizi-Soleiman, F., Vafa, M., Abiri, B., Safavi, M. (2016). Effects of iron on vitamin D metabolism: A systematic review. Int. J. Prev. Med., 7, 126. DOI: 10.4103/2008-7802.195212.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Bassatne, A., Basbous, M., Chakhtoura, M., El Zein, O., Rahme, M., El-Hajj Fuleihan, G. (2021). The link between COVID-19 and vitamin D (VIVID): A systematic review and meta-analysis. Metab. Clin. Exper., 119, 154753. DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2021.154753.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Bilezikian, J. P., Binkley, N., De Luca, H. F., Fassio, A., Formenti, A. M., El-Hajj, Fuleihan, G., Heijboer, A. C., Giustina, A. (2023). Consensus and controversial aspects of vitamin D and COVID-19. J. Clin Endocrinol Metab., 108 (5), 1034–1042. DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgac719.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Butler-Laporte, G., Nakanishi, T., Mooser, V., Morrison, D. R., Abdullah, T., Adeleye, O., Mamlouk, N., Kimchi, N., Afrasiabi, Z., Rezk, N., et al. (2021). Vitamin D and COVID-19 susceptibility and severity in the COVID-19 Host Genetics Initiative: A Mendelian randomization study. PLoS Med., 18 (6), e1003605. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1003605.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Calton, E. K., Keane, K. N., Newsholme, P., Soares, M. J. (2015). The impact of vitamin D levels on inflammatory status: A systematic review of immune cell studies. PLoS One, 10 (11), e0141770. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0141770.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Cannata-Andía, J. B., Díaz-Sottolan, A., Fernández, P., Palomo-Antequera, C., Herrero-Puente, P., Mouzo, R., Carrillo-López, N., Panizo, S., Ibańez, G. H., Cusumano, C. A., et al. (2022). A single-oral bolus of 100,000 IU of cholecalciferol at hospital admission did not improve outcomes in the COVID-19 disease: The COVID-VIT-D — a randomised multicentre international clinical trial. BMC Med., 20 (1). DOI: 10.1186/s12916-022-02290-8.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Da Rocha, A. P., Atallah, A. N., Aldrighi, J. M., Pires, A., Dos Santos Puga, M. E., Pinto, A. (2021). Insufficient evidence for vitamin D use in COVID-19: A rapid systematic review. Int. J. Clin. Pract., 75 (11), e14649. DOI: 10.1111/ijcp.14649.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Demir, A. D., Durmaz, Z. H. (2021). A Ccomparison of vitamin D deficiency with neutrophil lymphocyte ratio and CRP levels in COVID-19 patients. Med. Sci. Discovery, 8 (5), 306–309. DOI: 10.36472/msd.v8i5.537.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Demir, M., Demir, F., Aygun, H. (2021). Vitamin D deficiency is associated with COVID-19 positivity and severity of the disease. J. Med. Virol., 93 (5), 2992–2999. DOI: 10.1002/jmv.26832.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Fassio, A., Adami, G., Rossini, M., Giollo, A., Caimmi, C., Bixio, R., Viapiana, O., Milleri, S., Gatti, M., Gatti, D. (2020). Pharmacokinetics of oral cholecalciferol in healthy subjects with vitamin D deficiency: A randomized open-label study. Nutrients, 12 (6), 1553. DOI: 10.3390/nu12061553.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Fernandes, A. L., Murai, I. H., Reis, B. Z., Sales, L. P., Santos, M. D., Pinto, A. J., Goessler, K. F., Duran, C. S. C., Silva, C. B. R., Franco, A. S., et al. (2022). Effect of a single high dose of vitamin D3 on cytokines, chemokines, and growth factor in patients with moderate to severe COVID-19. Amer. J. Clin. Nutr., 115 (3), 790–798. DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/nqab426.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Güven, M., Gültekin H. (2021). The effect of high-dose parenteral vitamin D3 on COVID-19-related inhospital mortality in critical COVID-19 patients during intensive care unit admission: an observational cohort study. Eur. J. Clin. Nutr., 75 (9), 1383–1388. DOI: 10.1038/s41430-021-00984-5.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Hastie, C. E., Pell, J. P., Sattar, N. (2020). Vitamin D and COVID-19 infection and mortality in UK Biobank. Eur. J. Nutr., 60 (1), 545–548. DOI: 10.1007/s00394-020-02372-4.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Kappert K., Jahić A., Tauber R. (2020). Assessment of serum ferritin as a biomarker in COVID-19: Bystander or Pparticipant? Insights by comparison with other infectious and non-infectious diseases. Biomarkers, 25 (8), 616–625. DOI: 10.1080/1354750x.2020.1797880.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Kaufman, H. W., Niles, J. K., Kroll, M. H., Bi, C., Holick, M. F. (2020) SARS-CoV-2 positivity rates associated with circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels. PLoS One, 15 (9), e0239252. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0239252.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Kruit, A., Zanen, P. (2016). The association between vitamin D and C-reactive protein levels in patients with inflammatory and non-inflammatory diseases. Clin. Biochem., 49 (7–8), 534–537. DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2016.01.002.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Ling, S. F., Broad, E., Murphy, R., Pappachan, J. M., Pardesi-Newton, S., Kong, M. F., Jude, E. B. (2020). High-dose cholecalciferol booster therapy is associated with a reduced risk of mortality in patients with COVID-19: A cross-sectional multi-centre observational study. Nutrients, 12 (12), 3799. DOI: 10.3390/nu12123799.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Liu, G., Hong, T., Yang, J. (2020). A single large dose of vitamin D could be used as a means of coronavirus dsease 2019 prevention and treatment. Drug Des. Devel. Ther., 14, 3429–3434. DOI: 10.2147/DDDT.S271754.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Lv, Y., Chen, L., Liang, X., Liu, X., Gao, M., Wang, Q., Wei, Q., Liu, L. (2021). Association between iron status and the risk of adverse outcomes in COVID-19. Clin. Nutr., 40 (5), 3462–3469. DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2020.11.033.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Murai, I. H., Fernandes, A. L., Sales, L. P., Pinto, A. J., Goessler, K. F., Duran, C., Silva, C., Franco, A. S., Macedo, M. B., Dalmolin, H., et al. (2021). Effect of a single high dose of vitamin D3 on hospital length of stay in patients with moderate to severe COVID-19: A randomized clinical trial. JAMA, 325 (11), 1053–1060. DOI: 10.1001/jama.2020.26848.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Oristrell, J., Oliva, J. C., Casado, E., Subirana, I., Domķnguez, D., Toloba, A., Balado, A., Grau, M. (2021). Vitamin D supplementation and COVID-19 risk: A population-based, cohort study. J. Endocrinol Invest., 45 (1), 167–179. DOI: 10.1007/s40618-021-01639-9.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Pal, R., Banerjee, M., Bhadada, S. K., Shetty, A. J., Singh, B., Vyas, A. (2022). Vitamin D supplementation and clinical outcomes in COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J. Endocrinol. Invest., 45 (1), 53–68. DOI: 10.1007/s40618-021-01614-4.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Radujkovic. A., Hippchen. T., Tiwari-Heckler. S., Dreher. S., Boxberger. M., Merle. U. (2020). Vitamin D deficiency and outcome of COVID-19 patients. Nutrients, 12 (9), 2757. DOI: 10.3390/nu12092757.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Rastogi, A., Bhansali, A., Khare, N., Suri, V., Yaddanapudi, N., Sachdeva, N., Puri, G. D., Malhotra P. (2022). Short term, high-dose vitamin D supplementation for COVID-19 disease: A randomised, placebo-controlled, study (SHADE study). Postgrad. Med. J., 98 (1156), 87–90. DOI: 10.1136/postgradmedj-2020-139065.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Ruscitti, P., Berardicurti, O., Di Benedetto, P., Cipriani, P., Iagnocco, A., Shoenfeld, Y., Giacomelli, R. (2020). Severe COVID-19, another piece in the puzzle of the hyperferritinemic syndrome. An immunomodulatory perspective to alleviate the storm. Front. Immunol., 11, 1130. DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01130.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Sabico, S., Enani, M. A., Sheshah, E., Aljohani, N. J., Aldisi, D. A., Alotaibi, N. H., Alshingetti, N., Alomar, S. Y., Alnaami, A. M., Amer, O. E., Hussain S. D., Al-Daghri, N. M. (2021). Effects of a 2-week 5000 IU versus 1000 IU vitamin D3 supplementation on recovery of symptoms in patients with mild to moderate COVID-19: A randomized clinical trial. Nutrients, 13 (7), 2170. DOI: 10.3390/nu13072170.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Sadeghi-Haddad-Zavareh, M., Bayani, M., Shokri, M., Ebrahimpour, S., Babazadeh, A., Mehraeen, R., Moudi, E., Rostami, A., Barary, M., Hosseini, A., Bijani, A., Javanian, M. (2021). C-Reactive protein as a pognostic indicator in COVID-19 patients. Interdiscip. Perspect. Infect Dis., 2021, 5557582. DOI: 10.1155/2021/5557582.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Sánchez-Zuno, G. A., González-Estevez, G., Matuz-Flores, M. G., Macedo-Ojeda, G., Hernández-Bello, J., Mora-Mora, J. C., Pérez-Guerrero, E. E., Garcķa-Chagollán, M., Vega-Magańa, N., Turrubiates-Hernández, F. J., et al. (2021). Vitamin D levels in COVID-19 outpatients from Western Mexico: Clinical correlation and effect of its supplementation. J. Clin. Med., 10 (11). DOI: 10.3390/jcm10112378.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Singh, R. P., Chauhan, K., Tripathi, A., Chaudhary (2021). E. Vitamin D and COVID-19 - Let's explore the relationship! Maedica, 16 (4), 628–633. DOI: 10.26574/maedica.2021.16.4.628.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Sulli, A., Gotelli, E., Casabella, A., Paolino, S., Pizzorni, C., Alessandri, E., Grosso, M., Ferone, D., Smith, V., Cutolo, M. (2021) Vitamin D and lung outcomes in elderly COVID-19 patients. Nutrients, 13 (3), 717. DOI: 10.3390/nu13030717.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Taneri, P. E., Gómez-Ochoa, S. A., Llanaj, E., Raguindin, P. F., Rojas, L. Z., Roa-Díaz, Z. M., Salvador, D., Groothof, D., Minder, B., Kopp-Heim, D., et al. (2020). Anemia and iron metabolism in COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur. J. Epidemiol, 35 (8), 763–773. DOI: 10.1007/s10654-020-00678-5.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Tao, R. X., Zhou, Q. F., Xu, Z. W., Hao, J. H., Huang, K., Mou, Z., Jiang, X. M., Tao, F. B., Zhu, P. (2015). Inverse correlation between vitamin D and C-reactive protein in newborns. Nutrients, 7 (11), 9218–9228. DOI: 10.3390/nu7115468.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Teama, M. A. E. M., Abdelhakam, D. A., Elmohamadi, M. A., Badr, F. M. (2021). Vitamin D deficiency as a predictor of severity in patients with COVID-19 infection. Sci. Prog., 104, 368504211036854. DOI: 10.1177/00368504211036854.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Xu, Y., Baylink, D. J., Chen, C. S., Reeves, M. E., Xiao, J., Lacy, C., Lau, E., Cao, H. (2020). The importance of vitamin D metabolism as a potential prophylactic, immunoregulatory and neuroprotective treatment for COVID-19. J. Transl. Med., 18 (1), 322. DOI: 10.1186/s12967-020-02488-5
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Zughaier, S. M., Alvarez, J. A., Sloan, J. H., Konrad, R. J., Tangpricha, V. (2014). The role of vitamin D in regulating the iron-hepcidin-ferroportin axis in monocytes. J. Clin. Transl. Endocrinol., 1, e19–e25. DOI: 10.1016/j.jcte.2014.01.003.
]Search in Google Scholar