The genetic variability of small-ruminant lentiviruses and its impact on tropism, the development of diagnostic tests and vaccines and the effectiveness of control programmes
Monika Olech
Profilo Orcid 
Pubblicato online: 19 dic 2023
Pagine: 479 - 502
Ricevuto: 19 giu 2023
Accettato: 13 nov 2023
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/jvetres-2023-0064
Parole chiave
© 2023 Monika Olech, published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.
Introduction
Maedi-visna virus and caprine arthritis encephalitis virus are two closely related lentiviruses which cause multisystemic, progressive and persistent infection in goats and sheep. Because these viruses frequently cross the species barrier, they are considered to be one genetic group called small-ruminant lentiviruses (SRLV). They have
Material and Methods
Subject literature was selected from the PubMed and the Google Scholar databases.
Results
The high genetic diversity of SRLV affects the performance of diagnostic tools and therefore control programmes. For the early and definitive diagnosis of SRLV infection, a combination of serological and molecular tests is suggested. Testing by PCR can also be considered for sub-yearling animals. There are still significant gaps in our knowledge of the epidemiology, immunology and biology of SRLV and their impact on animal production and welfare.
Conclusion
This information may aid selection of the most effective SRLV spread reduction measures.