Potential biomarkers for chronic seasonal heat stress in Kagoshima Berkshire pigs reared in the subtropical region
, , , , , , , , , e | 31 mag 2022
INFORMAZIONI SU QUESTO ARTICOLO
Pubblicato online: 31 mag 2022
Pagine: 209 - 214
Ricevuto: 08 dic 2021
Accettato: 10 mag 2022
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/jvetres-2022-0024
Parole chiave
© 2022 M. Ijiri et al. published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.
Environmental temperature and relative humidity in the pig house
| Temperature (℃) | Relative humidity (%) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Group | Whole day | Daytime (time) | Night (time) | Whole day | Daytime(time) | Night (time) |
| Summer1 | 28.3 ± 2.4 | 29.3 ± 2.6 | 27.1 ± 1.6 | 80.7 ± 6.4 | 80.5 ± 6.8 | 81.0 ± 6.0 |
| (6:00–18:00) | (19:00–5:00) | (6:00–18:00) | (19:00–5:00) | |||
| 22.2 ± 4.5 | 18.5 ± 4.6 | 71.4 ± 4.7 | 71.9 ± 4.5 | |||
| Winter2 | 20.2 ± 4.9 | (7:00–17:00) | (18:00–6:00) | 71.7 ± 4.6 | (7:00–17:00) | (18:00–6:00) |
Results of inspection of carcasses and incidences of internal organ condemnation
| Group | Carcass result score* | Internal organs condemnation# (Incidence, %) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Result (Score$) | Back fat thickness (cm) | Weight (kg) | Heart | Liver | Stomach and intestines | |
| Summer1 | 1.1 ± 0.3 | 4.1 ± 0.8 | 78.7 ± 3.3 | 0 | 50.0 | 41.7 |
| Winter2 | 1.8 ± 0.9 | 2.5 ± 0.8 | 80.6 ± 4.3 | 0 | 50.0 | 33.3 |
| P value | 0.065 | 0.000 | 0.340 | 1.00 | 1.00 | |
Blood stress marker concentrations
| Marker | Unit | Summer1 | Winter2 | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cortisol | μg/dL | 4.6 ± 2.3 | 4.5 ± 2.4 | 0.931 |
| Adrenalin | ng/mL | 42.9 ± 15.7 | 46.2 ± 28.7 | 0.729 |
| Noradrenaline | ng/mL | 49.3 ± 19.9 | 41.2 ± 26.5 | 0.299 |
| Dopamine | ng/mL | not detected | not detected | |
| Serum amyloid A | mg/L | 6.0 ± 4.7 | 6.0 ± 5.1 | 0.773 |
Blood oxidative stress
| Parameter | Unit | Summer1 | Winter2 | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| d-ROMs | U. CARR | 1106.2 ± 136.6 | 970.8 ± 83.0 | 0.017* |
| BAP | μmol/L | 4123.0 ± 771.7 | 4000.2 ± 306.4 | 0.356 |
| BAP/d-ROMs | 3.8 ± 0.9 | 4.1 ± 0.4 | 0.488 |
Common blood biochemistry analyte concentrations
| Analyte | Unit | Summer1 | Winter2 | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| LDH | U/L | 1143.6 ± 829.8 | 737.9 ± 207.4 | 0.119 |
| CK | U/L | 11149.8 ± 23757.1 | 3778.4 ± 4034.7 | 0.453 |
| TP | g/dL | 8.2 ± 0.5 | 7.9 ± 0.6 | 0.052 |
| Alb | g/dL | 4.5 ± 0.4 | 4.8 ± 0.3 | 0.163 |
| Glb | g/dL | 3.7 ± 0.6 | 3.1 ± 0.5 | 0.015* |
| A/G | ratio | 1.3 ± 0.3 | 1.6 ± 0.2 | 0.019* |
| Na | mEq/L | 148.5 ± 4.0 | 151.8 ± 4.3 | 0.032* |
| Cl | mEq/L | 98.6 ± 2.3 | 101.1 ± 3.4 | 0.048* |