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Field Applications of Fluorinated Nematicides for Meloidogyne enterolobii Management on Tomato

R. Castro-López

R. Castro-López

Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad Autónoma de SinaloaCuliacán, México
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Castro-López, R.
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C. A. López-Orona

C. A. López-Orona

Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad Autónoma de SinaloaCuliacán, México
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López-Orona, C. A.
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J. A. Martínez-Gallardo

J. A. Martínez-Gallardo

Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad Autónoma de SinaloaCuliacán, México
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Martínez-Gallardo, J. A.
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M. A. Tirado-Ramírez

M. A. Tirado-Ramírez

Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad Autónoma de SinaloaCuliacán, México
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Tirado-Ramírez, M. A.
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G. Gómez

G. Gómez

Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad Autónoma de SinaloaCuliacán, México
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Gómez, G.
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W. Rubio-Aragón

W. Rubio-Aragón

Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad Autónoma de SinaloaCuliacán, México
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Rubio-Aragón, W.
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J. A. Edeza-Urias

J. A. Edeza-Urias

Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad Autónoma de SinaloaCuliacán, México
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Edeza-Urias, J. A.
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M. C. Villa-Medina

M. C. Villa-Medina

Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad Autónoma de SinaloaCuliacán, México
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Villa-Medina, M. C.
  
16 ago 2024
Field Applications of Fluorinated Nematicides for Meloidogyne enterolobii Management on Tomato's Cover Image
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Categoria dell'articolo: Research Paper
Pubblicato online: 16 ago 2024
Ricevuto: 07 dic 2023
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/jofnem-2024-0030
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© 2024 R. Castro-López et al., published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Figure 1.

Size of fruits of tomato plants under fluorinated nematicide treatments for managing Meloidogyne enterolobii. FSF= fluensulfone, FZL= fluazaindolizine, FPM= fluopyram, FSF+FPM= fluensulfone plus fluopyram, FZL+FPM= fluazaindolizine plus fluopyram, (−) control= inoculated plants without nematicide treatment, (+) control= non-inoculated plants without nematicide treatment. Data are means ± standard errors of 168 plants per treatment. Bars (within the same fruit size group) with different lower-case letters indicate significant differences (P ≤ 0.05) according to the Tukey test.
Size of fruits of tomato plants under fluorinated nematicide treatments for managing Meloidogyne enterolobii. FSF= fluensulfone, FZL= fluazaindolizine, FPM= fluopyram, FSF+FPM= fluensulfone plus fluopyram, FZL+FPM= fluazaindolizine plus fluopyram, (−) control= inoculated plants without nematicide treatment, (+) control= non-inoculated plants without nematicide treatment. Data are means ± standard errors of 168 plants per treatment. Bars (within the same fruit size group) with different lower-case letters indicate significant differences (P ≤ 0.05) according to the Tukey test.

Figure 2.

Plant yield of tomato plants under fluorinated nematicide treatments for managing Meloidogyne enterolobii. FSF= fluensulfone, FZL= fluazaindolizine, FPM= fluopyram, FSF+FPM= fluensulfone plus fluopyram, FZL+FPM= fluazaindolizine plus fluopyram, (+) control= non-inoculated plants without nematicide treatment, (−) control= inoculated plants without nematicide treatment. Data are means ± standard errors of 168 plants per treatment. According to the Tukey test, bars with different lower-case letters indicate significant differences (P ≤ 0.05).
Plant yield of tomato plants under fluorinated nematicide treatments for managing Meloidogyne enterolobii. FSF= fluensulfone, FZL= fluazaindolizine, FPM= fluopyram, FSF+FPM= fluensulfone plus fluopyram, FZL+FPM= fluazaindolizine plus fluopyram, (+) control= non-inoculated plants without nematicide treatment, (−) control= inoculated plants without nematicide treatment. Data are means ± standard errors of 168 plants per treatment. According to the Tukey test, bars with different lower-case letters indicate significant differences (P ≤ 0.05).

Figure 3.

Root galling of tomato plants under fluorinated nematicide treatments for managing Meloidogyne enterolobii. FSF= fluensulfone, FZL= fluazaindolizine, FPM= fluopyram, FSF+FPM= fluensulfone plus fluopyram, FZL+FPM= fluazaindolizine plus fluopyram, (−) control= inoculated plants without nematicide treatment. No galling was found on the non-inoculated control treatment (+). Data are means ± standard errors of 168 plants per treatment. According to the Tukey test, bars with different lower-case letters are significantly different (P ≤ 0.05).
Root galling of tomato plants under fluorinated nematicide treatments for managing Meloidogyne enterolobii. FSF= fluensulfone, FZL= fluazaindolizine, FPM= fluopyram, FSF+FPM= fluensulfone plus fluopyram, FZL+FPM= fluazaindolizine plus fluopyram, (−) control= inoculated plants without nematicide treatment. No galling was found on the non-inoculated control treatment (+). Data are means ± standard errors of 168 plants per treatment. According to the Tukey test, bars with different lower-case letters are significantly different (P ≤ 0.05).

Figure S1.

Alignment of sequences OR428268 and MW014364.1 of M. enterolobii intergenomic spacer 5S–18S rRNA. Alignment was performed with the MAFFT sequence alignment server (https://mafft.cbrc.jp/alignment/server).
Alignment of sequences OR428268 and MW014364.1 of M. enterolobii intergenomic spacer 5S–18S rRNA. Alignment was performed with the MAFFT sequence alignment server (https://mafft.cbrc.jp/alignment/server).

Growth variables of tomato plants under fluorinated nematicide treatments for managing Meloidogyne enterolobii_

Treatment* Plant height (cm)yz Stem diameter (mm) Plant fresh weight (kg) Dry weight of roots (g)
FSF 436 ± 18 b 13.41 ± 1.61 b 4.75 ± 0.12 b 67.00 ± 7.2 b
FZL 451 ± 13 ab 13.72 ± 1.47 b 5.29 ± 0.17 ab 61.44 ± 8.6 b
FPM 432 ± 16 b 14.68 ± 1.71 ab 4.75 ± 0.16 b 59.75 ± 10.5 c
FSF+FPM 469 ± 19 a 14.61 ± 1.63 ab 6.00 ± 0.27 ab 60.50 ± 7.9 bc
FZL+FPM 474 ± 13 a 15.33 ± 1.75 a 6.25 ± 0.31 ab 57.63 ± 11.8 c
(+) control 489 ± 24 a 16.08 ± 1.81 a 7.50 ± 0.28 a 60.75 ± 9.6 c
(−) control 340 ± 17 c 12.62 ± 1.72 b 2.25 ± 0.21 c 101.70 ± 12.6 a

Treatments of fluorinated nematicides for the management of Meloidogyne enterolobii on tomato_

Treatment Active ingredient Application timingsa a.i./hab
FSF Fluensulfone 12 DBP 960 g
FZL Fluazaindolizine 7 DBP 820 g
FPM Fluopyram 15 and 40 DAP 1.0 kg
FSF+FPM Fluensulfone 12 DBP 960 g
Fluopyram 35 and 60 DAP 1.0 kg
FZL+FPM Fluazaindolizine 7 DBP 820 g
Fluopyram 35 and 60 DAP 1.0 kg
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