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Field Applications of Fluorinated Nematicides for Meloidogyne enterolobii Management on Tomato

R. Castro-López

R. Castro-López

Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad Autónoma de SinaloaCuliacán, México
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Castro-López, R.
, 
C. A. López-Orona

C. A. López-Orona

Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad Autónoma de SinaloaCuliacán, México
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López-Orona, C. A.
, 
J. A. Martínez-Gallardo

J. A. Martínez-Gallardo

Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad Autónoma de SinaloaCuliacán, México
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Martínez-Gallardo, J. A.
, 
M. A. Tirado-Ramírez

M. A. Tirado-Ramírez

Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad Autónoma de SinaloaCuliacán, México
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Tirado-Ramírez, M. A.
, 
G. Gómez

G. Gómez

Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad Autónoma de SinaloaCuliacán, México
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Gómez, G.
, 
W. Rubio-Aragón

W. Rubio-Aragón

Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad Autónoma de SinaloaCuliacán, México
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Rubio-Aragón, W.
, 
J. A. Edeza-Urias

J. A. Edeza-Urias

Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad Autónoma de SinaloaCuliacán, México
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Edeza-Urias, J. A.
 und 
M. C. Villa-Medina

M. C. Villa-Medina

Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad Autónoma de SinaloaCuliacán, México
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Villa-Medina, M. C.
  
16. Aug. 2024
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Artikel-Kategorie: Research Paper
Online veröffentlicht: 16. Aug. 2024
Eingereicht: 07. Dez. 2023
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/jofnem-2024-0030
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© 2024 R. Castro-López et al., published by Sciendo
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Figure 1.

Size of fruits of tomato plants under fluorinated nematicide treatments for managing Meloidogyne enterolobii. FSF= fluensulfone, FZL= fluazaindolizine, FPM= fluopyram, FSF+FPM= fluensulfone plus fluopyram, FZL+FPM= fluazaindolizine plus fluopyram, (−) control= inoculated plants without nematicide treatment, (+) control= non-inoculated plants without nematicide treatment. Data are means ± standard errors of 168 plants per treatment. Bars (within the same fruit size group) with different lower-case letters indicate significant differences (P ≤ 0.05) according to the Tukey test.
Size of fruits of tomato plants under fluorinated nematicide treatments for managing Meloidogyne enterolobii. FSF= fluensulfone, FZL= fluazaindolizine, FPM= fluopyram, FSF+FPM= fluensulfone plus fluopyram, FZL+FPM= fluazaindolizine plus fluopyram, (−) control= inoculated plants without nematicide treatment, (+) control= non-inoculated plants without nematicide treatment. Data are means ± standard errors of 168 plants per treatment. Bars (within the same fruit size group) with different lower-case letters indicate significant differences (P ≤ 0.05) according to the Tukey test.

Figure 2.

Plant yield of tomato plants under fluorinated nematicide treatments for managing Meloidogyne enterolobii. FSF= fluensulfone, FZL= fluazaindolizine, FPM= fluopyram, FSF+FPM= fluensulfone plus fluopyram, FZL+FPM= fluazaindolizine plus fluopyram, (+) control= non-inoculated plants without nematicide treatment, (−) control= inoculated plants without nematicide treatment. Data are means ± standard errors of 168 plants per treatment. According to the Tukey test, bars with different lower-case letters indicate significant differences (P ≤ 0.05).
Plant yield of tomato plants under fluorinated nematicide treatments for managing Meloidogyne enterolobii. FSF= fluensulfone, FZL= fluazaindolizine, FPM= fluopyram, FSF+FPM= fluensulfone plus fluopyram, FZL+FPM= fluazaindolizine plus fluopyram, (+) control= non-inoculated plants without nematicide treatment, (−) control= inoculated plants without nematicide treatment. Data are means ± standard errors of 168 plants per treatment. According to the Tukey test, bars with different lower-case letters indicate significant differences (P ≤ 0.05).

Figure 3.

Root galling of tomato plants under fluorinated nematicide treatments for managing Meloidogyne enterolobii. FSF= fluensulfone, FZL= fluazaindolizine, FPM= fluopyram, FSF+FPM= fluensulfone plus fluopyram, FZL+FPM= fluazaindolizine plus fluopyram, (−) control= inoculated plants without nematicide treatment. No galling was found on the non-inoculated control treatment (+). Data are means ± standard errors of 168 plants per treatment. According to the Tukey test, bars with different lower-case letters are significantly different (P ≤ 0.05).
Root galling of tomato plants under fluorinated nematicide treatments for managing Meloidogyne enterolobii. FSF= fluensulfone, FZL= fluazaindolizine, FPM= fluopyram, FSF+FPM= fluensulfone plus fluopyram, FZL+FPM= fluazaindolizine plus fluopyram, (−) control= inoculated plants without nematicide treatment. No galling was found on the non-inoculated control treatment (+). Data are means ± standard errors of 168 plants per treatment. According to the Tukey test, bars with different lower-case letters are significantly different (P ≤ 0.05).

Figure S1.

Alignment of sequences OR428268 and MW014364.1 of M. enterolobii intergenomic spacer 5S–18S rRNA. Alignment was performed with the MAFFT sequence alignment server (https://mafft.cbrc.jp/alignment/server).
Alignment of sequences OR428268 and MW014364.1 of M. enterolobii intergenomic spacer 5S–18S rRNA. Alignment was performed with the MAFFT sequence alignment server (https://mafft.cbrc.jp/alignment/server).

Growth variables of tomato plants under fluorinated nematicide treatments for managing Meloidogyne enterolobii_

Treatment* Plant height (cm)yz Stem diameter (mm) Plant fresh weight (kg) Dry weight of roots (g)
FSF 436 ± 18 b 13.41 ± 1.61 b 4.75 ± 0.12 b 67.00 ± 7.2 b
FZL 451 ± 13 ab 13.72 ± 1.47 b 5.29 ± 0.17 ab 61.44 ± 8.6 b
FPM 432 ± 16 b 14.68 ± 1.71 ab 4.75 ± 0.16 b 59.75 ± 10.5 c
FSF+FPM 469 ± 19 a 14.61 ± 1.63 ab 6.00 ± 0.27 ab 60.50 ± 7.9 bc
FZL+FPM 474 ± 13 a 15.33 ± 1.75 a 6.25 ± 0.31 ab 57.63 ± 11.8 c
(+) control 489 ± 24 a 16.08 ± 1.81 a 7.50 ± 0.28 a 60.75 ± 9.6 c
(−) control 340 ± 17 c 12.62 ± 1.72 b 2.25 ± 0.21 c 101.70 ± 12.6 a

Treatments of fluorinated nematicides for the management of Meloidogyne enterolobii on tomato_

Treatment Active ingredient Application timingsa a.i./hab
FSF Fluensulfone 12 DBP 960 g
FZL Fluazaindolizine 7 DBP 820 g
FPM Fluopyram 15 and 40 DAP 1.0 kg
FSF+FPM Fluensulfone 12 DBP 960 g
Fluopyram 35 and 60 DAP 1.0 kg
FZL+FPM Fluazaindolizine 7 DBP 820 g
Fluopyram 35 and 60 DAP 1.0 kg
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