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Morphological and Molecular Characterization of Diplogasteroides sp., a Cryptic Population of the Haslacheri Group (Diplogastridae), and Parasitorhabditis terebranus (Rhabditidae) from Korea

Abraham Okki Mwamula

Abraham Okki Mwamula

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Mwamula, Abraham Okki
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Sang Myeong Lee

Sang Myeong Lee

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Lee, Sang Myeong
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Young Hak Jung

Young Hak Jung

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Jung, Young Hak
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Ho-wook Lee

Ho-wook Lee

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Lee, Ho-wook
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Yi Seul Kim

Yi Seul Kim

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Kim, Yi Seul
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Young Ho Kim

Young Ho Kim

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Kim, Young Ho
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Dong Woon Lee

Dong Woon Lee

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Lee, Dong Woon
  
23 mag 2023
Morphological and Molecular Characterization of Diplogasteroides sp., a Cryptic Population of the Haslacheri Group (Diplogastridae), and Parasitorhabditis terebranus (Rhabditidae) from Korea's Cover Image
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Categoria dell'articolo: Research Paper
Pubblicato online: 23 mag 2023
Ricevuto: 29 gen 2023
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/jofnem-2023-0017
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© 2023 Abraham Okki Mwamula et al., published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Figure 1:

Photomicrographs of Diplogasteroides sp. (A-C, F, and G) and Parasitorhabditis terebranus (D, E, and H-J). Diplogasteroides sp. A, B: Variation in female anterior body region; C: Female tail; F and G: Variation in male tail and copulatory apparatus shape. Parasitorhabditis terebranus D, E, and H: Variation in female anterior body region; I: Male tail with copulatory apparatus; J: Female tail; (Scale bars: A-J = 10 μm).
Photomicrographs of Diplogasteroides sp. (A-C, F, and G) and Parasitorhabditis terebranus (D, E, and H-J). Diplogasteroides sp. A, B: Variation in female anterior body region; C: Female tail; F and G: Variation in male tail and copulatory apparatus shape. Parasitorhabditis terebranus D, E, and H: Variation in female anterior body region; I: Male tail with copulatory apparatus; J: Female tail; (Scale bars: A-J = 10 μm).

Figure 2:

Illustrations of Diplogasteroides sp. (A-H): A: Female whole body; B: Male whole body; C: Male tail region including copulatory apparatus and the arrangement of genital papillae; D-F: Variation in shape of gubernaculum; G: Female tail region; H: Female anterior region, including the shape of pharynx. Abbreviations: Genital papillae arrangement from ventral side (v + number); lateral/dorsal sides (v3d; ad; pd); phasmid (ph); and deirid (d).
Illustrations of Diplogasteroides sp. (A-H): A: Female whole body; B: Male whole body; C: Male tail region including copulatory apparatus and the arrangement of genital papillae; D-F: Variation in shape of gubernaculum; G: Female tail region; H: Female anterior region, including the shape of pharynx. Abbreviations: Genital papillae arrangement from ventral side (v + number); lateral/dorsal sides (v3d; ad; pd); phasmid (ph); and deirid (d).

Figure 3:

Illustrations of Parasitorhabditis terebranus (A-G): A: Male whole body; B: Female whole body; C: Female anterior region; D and F: Female tail region including variation in vulval lip shape; E: Male tail in right lateral view, with arrangement of bursal rays; G: Male tail in ventral view, with arrangement of bursal rays.
Illustrations of Parasitorhabditis terebranus (A-G): A: Male whole body; B: Female whole body; C: Female anterior region; D and F: Female tail region including variation in vulval lip shape; E: Male tail in right lateral view, with arrangement of bursal rays; G: Male tail in ventral view, with arrangement of bursal rays.

Figure 4:

Bayesian tree inferred under the GTR + I + G model from I8S-rRNA sequences of Diplogasteroides spp., Parasitorhabditis spp., and other closely related species from other genera. Posterior probability values exceeding 50% are given on appropriate clades. The studied population is indicated in bold. Outgroup taxon: Rhabditoides inermiformis and Leptolaimus donsi.
Bayesian tree inferred under the GTR + I + G model from I8S-rRNA sequences of Diplogasteroides spp., Parasitorhabditis spp., and other closely related species from other genera. Posterior probability values exceeding 50% are given on appropriate clades. The studied population is indicated in bold. Outgroup taxon: Rhabditoides inermiformis and Leptolaimus donsi.

Figure 5:

Bayesian tree inferred under the GTR + I + G model from D2-D3 expansion segment of 28S-rRNA partial sequences of Diplogasteroides spp., Parasitorhabditis spp., and other closely related species from other genera. Posterior probability values exceeding 50% are given on appropriate clades. The studied population is indicated in bold. Outgroup taxon: Rhabditoides regina.
Bayesian tree inferred under the GTR + I + G model from D2-D3 expansion segment of 28S-rRNA partial sequences of Diplogasteroides spp., Parasitorhabditis spp., and other closely related species from other genera. Posterior probability values exceeding 50% are given on appropriate clades. The studied population is indicated in bold. Outgroup taxon: Rhabditoides regina.

Figure 6:

Bayesian tree inferred under the GTR + I + G model from COI partial sequences of Diplogasteroides spp., Parasitorhabditis spp., and members of closely related genera. Posterior probability values exceeding 50% are given on appropriate clades. The studied population is indicated in bold. Outgroup taxon: Ascaridia columbae.
Bayesian tree inferred under the GTR + I + G model from COI partial sequences of Diplogasteroides spp., Parasitorhabditis spp., and members of closely related genera. Posterior probability values exceeding 50% are given on appropriate clades. The studied population is indicated in bold. Outgroup taxon: Ascaridia columbae.

Comparison of morphometries of Diplogasteroides sp_ and Parasitorhabditis terebranus from Korea with topotype populations_a

Character Diplogasteroides sp. D. haslacheri Parasitorhabditis terebranus
Korea (Current study) Rühm (1956), and Kanzaki et al. (2002) Korea (Current study) USA (Massey, 1974)
♀♀ ♂♂ ♀♀b ♂♂ ♀♀ ♂♂ ♀♀ ♂♂
N 20 20 ? ? 20 20 ? ?
L 1061,3±106.9(855.3-1258.3) 909.O±82.8(777.6-1068.1) 825-1005 750-825 109δ.4±78.6(922.4-1244.4) 1015.8±96.9(841.0-1195.6) 770-810 750
A 29.4±2.1(25.1-32.3) 29.2±0.8(27.7-30.5) 26.1 26.2-26.8 26.4±2.9(20.5-30.0) 26.0±2.2(21.1-29.4) 19.7-20.1 19.5
B 6.2±0.5(5.4-7.5) 5.8±0.4(5.2-6.3) 5.6-6.1 5.1-5.2 5.5±0.4(4.6-6.1) 5.2±0.4(4.6-6.1) 4.2-4.3 4.1
C 11.7±0.8(9.8-13.1) I4.9±0.9(13.2-16.2) 9.4-9.6 12.4-15.3 27.1±2.2(22.8-30.2) 27.4±2.3(22.1-30.5) 26.2-27.3 27.3
c’ 4.2±0.3(3.5-4.7) 2.5±0.2(2.2-2.9) 5.0 2.4 1.9±0.2(1.6-2.1) 1.7±0.1(1.4-1.9) - -
V 51.6±1.1(50.3-53.2) - 50.3-52.3 - 93.3±0.5(91.9-93.9) - 93 -
Lip height - - - - 3.3±0.1(3.0-3.6) 3.1 ±0.2(2.8-3.5) - -
Lip diameter 11.9±0.5(10.6-12.6) 11.9±0.6(11.0-12.6) - - 12.6±0.7(11.6-14.0) 12.1 ±0.7(11.0-13.5) - -
Stoma 11.1±0.8(9.8-12.3) 11.0±0.7(9.0-11.8) - - 20.9±1.4(18.5-23.0) 20.3±1.1(18.0-22.0) 21 -
Anterior to median bulb valve 98.2±6.3(87.6-112.7) 90.4±5.3(82.4-102.2) - - 107.2±7.4(95.8-120.2) 101,4±5.1(93.3-112.9) - -
Excretory pore 1340±8.3(123.0-155.4) 126.8±5.7(114.8-138.0) - - 1540±8.7(135.0-162.7) 153.6±8.6(136.0-164.0) - -
Pharynx length 171.4±11.9(154.1-194.2) 156.3±8.6(145.0-170.0) - - 201.0±9.3 (191.3-223.0) 194.3±8.1(181.3-208.5) - -
Maximum body diameter 36.2±3.5(29.0-42.1) 31.7±3.0(27.4-37.7) - - 41.9±4.7(36.0-51.5) 39.1±2.7(33.3-43.0) - -
Vulval body diameter 38.1±3.6(33.6-43.6) - - - 35.2±2.9(30.8-42.6) - - -
Vulva to anus length - - - - 32.5±2.6(28.0-38.0) - - -
Vulva to tail tip - - - - 73.1±3.5(64.0-77.9) - - -
Anal / cloacal body diameter 21.5±1.4(19.2-24.8) 24.2±1.6(22.0-27.0) - - 21.4±1.5(18.9-24.5) 21.8±1.6(19.8-24.9) - -
Tail length 90.5±9.5(73.0-104.6) 60.8±4.6(50.0-69.5) - - 40.6±3.0(36.0-45.8) 37.0±2.5(31.5-41.0) - -
Spicules - 35.5±2.1(30.0-38.0) - 27-30 - 36.6±1.7(33.0-38.6) - 34
Gubernaculum - 17.9±1.5(15.7-21.0) - 15-17 - 16.5±0.6(15.2-18.0) - 17
Tail spike length - 19.1 ±2.3(16.0-23.4) - - - - - -
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