Detection of insulation degradation by-products in transformer oil using ZnO coated IDC sensor

[1] M. N. Lyutikova, S. M. Korobeynikov, U. M. Rao, and S. Member, “Mixed Insulating Liquids With Mineral Oil for High-Voltage Transformer Applications: A Review,” IEEE Trans. Dielectr. Electr. Insul., vol. 29, no. 2, pp. 454–461, 2022, doi: 10.1109/TDEI.2022.3157908. LyutikovaM. N. KorobeynikovS. M. RaoU. M. MemberS. “Mixed Insulating Liquids With Mineral Oil for High-Voltage Transformer Applications: A Review,” IEEE Trans. Dielectr. Electr. Insul. 29 2 454 461 2022 10.1109/TDEI.2022.3157908 Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

[2] J. Jiang, X. Wu, Z. Wang, C. Zhang, G. Ma, and X. Li, “Moisture Content Measurement in Transformer Oil Using Micro-nano Fiber,” IEEE Trans. Dielectr. Electr. Insul., vol. 27, no. 6, pp. 1829–1836, 2020, doi: 10.1109/TDEI.2020.008885. JiangJ. WuX. WangZ. ZhangC. MaG. LiX. “Moisture Content Measurement in Transformer Oil Using Micro-nano Fiber,” IEEE Trans. Dielectr. Electr. Insul. 27 6 1829 1836 2020 10.1109/TDEI.2020.008885 Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

[3] M. Mandlik and T. S. Ramu, “Moisture Aided Degradatiom of Oil Impregnated Paper Insulation in Power Transformers,” IEEE Trans. Dielectr. Electr. Insul., vol. 21, no. 1, pp. 186–193, 2014. MandlikM. RamuT. S. “Moisture Aided Degradatiom of Oil Impregnated Paper Insulation in Power Transformers,” IEEE Trans. Dielectr. Electr. Insul. 21 1 186 193 2014 Search in Google Scholar

[4] S. A. Wani, M. M. Nezami, S. A. Khan, and S. Sohail, “A Capacitive Sensor for Detecting Insulation Degradation by Sensing 2-FAL in Transformer Oil,” IEEE Trans. Dielectr. Electr. Insul., vol. 27, no. 6, pp. 2179–2187, 2020, doi: 10.1109/TDEI.2020.008889. WaniS. A. NezamiM. M. KhanS. A. SohailS. “A Capacitive Sensor for Detecting Insulation Degradation by Sensing 2-FAL in Transformer Oil,” IEEE Trans. Dielectr. Electr. Insul. 27 6 2179 2187 2020 10.1109/TDEI.2020.008889 Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

[5] T. Islam, Z. Tehseen, and L. Kumar, “Highly sensitive thin-film capacitive sensor for online moisture measurement in transformer oil,” IET Sci. Meas. Technol., vol. 14, no. 4, pp. 416–422, 2020, doi: 10.1049/iet-smt.2019.0319. IslamT. TehseenZ. KumarL. “Highly sensitive thin-film capacitive sensor for online moisture measurement in transformer oil,” IET Sci. Meas. Technol. 14 4 416 422 2020 10.1049/iet-smt.2019.0319 Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

[6] O. Rahman, T. Islam, S. Member, N. Khera, and S. A. Khan, “A Novel Application of the Cross-Capacitive Sensor in Real-Time Condition Monitoring of Transformer Oil,” IEEE Trans. Instrum. Meas., vol. 70, pp. 1–12, 2021. RahmanO. IslamT. MemberS. KheraN. KhanS. A. “A Novel Application of the Cross-Capacitive Sensor in Real-Time Condition Monitoring of Transformer Oil,” IEEE Trans. Instrum. Meas. 70 1 12 2021 Search in Google Scholar

[7] O. Rahman, T. Islam, A. Ahmad, S. Parveen, N. Kheraand, and S. A. Khan, “Cross Capacitance Sensor for Insulation Oil Testing,” IEEE Sens. J., vol. 21, no. 18, pp. 20980–20989, 2021, doi: 10.1109/JSEN.2021.3096463. RahmanO. IslamT. AhmadA. ParveenS. KheraandN. KhanS. A. “Cross Capacitance Sensor for Insulation Oil Testing,” IEEE Sens. J. 21 18 20980 20989 2021 10.1109/JSEN.2021.3096463 Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

[8] J. Kelly, “Transformer Fault Diagnosis by Dissolved-Gas Analysis,” IEEE Trans. Ind. Appl., vol. IA-16, no. 6, pp. 777–782, 1980, doi: 10.1109/TIA.1980.4503871. KellyJ. “Transformer Fault Diagnosis by Dissolved-Gas Analysis,” IEEE Trans. Ind. Appl. IA-16 6 777 782 1980 10.1109/TIA.1980.4503871 Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

[9] B. Pahlavanpour and G. Duffy, “Development of a rapid spectrophotometry method for analysis of furfuraldehyde in transformer oil as an indication of paper ageing,” in Annual Report - Conference on Electrical Insulation and Dielectric Phenomena, 1993, no. 6, pp. 493–498. doi: 10.1109/ceidp.1993.378924. PahlavanpourB. DuffyG. “Development of a rapid spectrophotometry method for analysis of furfuraldehyde in transformer oil as an indication of paper ageing,” Annual Report - Conference on Electrical Insulation and Dielectric Phenomena 1993 6 493 498 10.1109/ceidp.1993.378924 Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

[10] A. Rico-Yuste, V. González-Vallejo, E. Benito-Peña, T. De Las Casas Engel, G. Orellana, and M. C. Moreno-Bondi, “Furfural Determination with Disposable Polymer Films and Smartphone-Based Colorimetry for Beer Freshness Assessment,” Anal. Chem., vol. 88, no. 7, pp. 3959–3966, 2016, doi: 10.1021/acs.analchem.6b00167. Rico-YusteA. González-VallejoV. Benito-PeñaE. De Las Casas EngelT. OrellanaG. Moreno-BondiM. C. “Furfural Determination with Disposable Polymer Films and Smartphone-Based Colorimetry for Beer Freshness Assessment,” Anal. Chem. 88 7 3959 3966 2016 10.1021/acs.analchem.6b00167 Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

[11] W. Zhang and D. J. Webb, “PMMA Based Optical Fiber Bragg Grating for Measuring Moisture in Transformer Oil,” IEEE Photonics Technol. Lett., vol. 28, no. 21, pp. 2427–2430, 2016, doi: 10.1109/LPT.2016.2598145. ZhangW. WebbD. J. “PMMA Based Optical Fiber Bragg Grating for Measuring Moisture in Transformer Oil,” IEEE Photonics Technol. Lett. 28 21 2427 2430 2016 10.1109/LPT.2016.2598145 Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

[12] X. B. Li, S. D. Larson, A. S. Zyuzin, and A. V Mamishev, “Design Principles for Multichannel Fringing Electric Field Sensors,” IEEE Sens. J., vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 434–440, 2006. LiX. B. LarsonS. D. ZyuzinA. S. MamishevA. V “Design Principles for Multichannel Fringing Electric Field Sensors,” IEEE Sens. J. 6 2 434 440 2006 Search in Google Scholar

[13] R. Igreja and C. J. Dias, “Analytical evaluation of the interdigital electrodes capacitance for a multi-layered structure,” Sensors Actuators A, vol. 112, pp. 291–301, 2004, doi: 10.1016/j.sna.2004.01.040 IgrejaR. DiasC. J. “Analytical evaluation of the interdigital electrodes capacitance for a multi-layered structure,” Sensors Actuators A 112 291 301 2004 10.1016/j.sna.2004.01.040 Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

[14] M. M. Nezami, S. A. Wani, S. A. Khan, N. Khera, and S. Sohail, “An MIP-Based Novel Capacitive Sensor to Detect 2-FAL Concentration in Transformer Oil,” IEEE Sens. J., vol. 18, no. 19, pp. 7924–7931, 2018, doi: 10.1109/JSEN.2018.2864793. NezamiM. M. WaniS. A. KhanS. A. KheraN. SohailS. “An MIP-Based Novel Capacitive Sensor to Detect 2-FAL Concentration in Transformer Oil,” IEEE Sens. J. 18 19 7924 7931 2018 10.1109/JSEN.2018.2864793 Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

[15] S. Laskar and S. Bordoloi, “Monitoring of Moisture in Transformer Oil Using Optical Fiber as Sensor,” J. Photonics, vol. 2013, pp. 1–7, 2013, doi: 10.1155/2013/528478. LaskarS. BordoloiS. “Monitoring of Moisture in Transformer Oil Using Optical Fiber as Sensor,” J. Photonics 2013 1 7 2013 10.1155/2013/528478 Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

[16] N. Cennamo, L. De Maria, C. Chemelli, A. Profumo, L. Zeni, and M. Pesavento, “Markers Detection in Transformer Oil by Plasmonic Chemical Sensor System Based on POF and MIPs,” IEEE Sens. J., vol. 16, no. 21, pp. 7663–7670, 2016, doi: 10.1109/JSEN.2016.2603168. CennamoN. ChemelliL. De MariaC. ProfumoA. ZeniL. PesaventoM. “Markers Detection in Transformer Oil by Plasmonic Chemical Sensor System Based on POF and MIPs,” IEEE Sens. J. 16 21 7663 7670 2016 10.1109/JSEN.2016.2603168 Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

[17] T. Islam, O. P. Maurya, and A. U. Khan, “Design and Fabrication of Fringing Field Capacitive Sensor for Non-contact Liquid Level Measurement,” IEEE Sens. J., vol. 21, no. 21, pp. 24812–24819, 2021, doi: 10.1109/JSEN.2021.3112848. IslamT. MauryaO. P. KhanA. U. “Design and Fabrication of Fringing Field Capacitive Sensor for Non-contact Liquid Level Measurement,” IEEE Sens. J. 21 21 24812 24819 2021 10.1109/JSEN.2021.3112848 Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

[18] N. Y. Ã, G. Sakai, and K. Shimanoe, “Oxide semiconductor gas sensors,” Catal. Surv. from Asia, vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 63–75, 2003. Y.N. SakaiG. ShimanoeK. “Oxide semiconductor gas sensors,” Catal. Surv. from Asia 7 1 63 75 2003 Search in Google Scholar

[19] J. Zhang et al., “Hierarchically Porous ZnO Architectures for Gas Sensor Application & DESIGN 2009,” Cryst. Growth Des., vol. 9, no. 8, pp. 3532–3537, 2009. ZhangJ. “Hierarchically Porous ZnO Architectures for Gas Sensor Application & DESIGN 2009,” Cryst. Growth Des. 9 8 3532 3537 2009 Search in Google Scholar

[20] P. Rai, S. Raj, K. Ko, K. Park, and Y. Yu, “Sensors and Actuators B : Chemical Synthesis of flower-like ZnO microstructures for gas sensor applications,” Sensors Actuators B. Chem., vol. 178, no. 2, pp. 107–112, 2013, doi: 10.1016/j.snb.2012.12.031. RaiP. RajS. KoK. ParkK. YuY. “Sensors and Actuators B : Chemical Synthesis of flower-like ZnO microstructures for gas sensor applications,” Sensors Actuators B. Chem. 178 2 107 112 2013 10.1016/j.snb.2012.12.031 Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

[21] M. A. Franco, P. P. Conti, R. S. Andre, and D. S. Correa, “A review on chemiresistive ZnO gas sensors,” Sensors and Actuators Reports, vol. 4, no. March, p. 100100, 2022, doi: 10.1016/j.snr.2022.100100. FrancoM. A. ContiP. P. AndreR. S. CorreaD. S. “A review on chemiresistive ZnO gas sensors,” Sensors and Actuators Reports 4 March 100100 2022 10.1016/j.snr.2022.100100 Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

[22] R. Kumar, G. Kumar, and A. Umar, “Zinc Oxide Nanostructures for NO 2 Gas – Sensor Applications :,” Nano-Micro Lett., vol. 7, no. 2, pp. 97–120, 2015, doi: 10.1007/s40820-014-0023-3. KumarR. KumarG. UmarA. “Zinc Oxide Nanostructures for NO 2 Gas – Sensor Applications :,” Nano-Micro Lett. 7 2 97 120 2015 10.1007/s40820-014-0023-3 Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

[23] M. Que, C. Lin, J. Sun, L. Chen, X. Sun, and Y. Sun, “Progress in ZnO Nanosensors,” Sensors, vol. 21, pp. 1–22, 2021. QueM. LinC. SunJ. ChenL. SunX. SunY. “Progress in ZnO Nanosensors,” Sensors 21 1 22 2021 Search in Google Scholar

[24] M. Kumar, V. S. Bhati, S. Ranwa, J. Singh, and M. Kumar, “Pd/ZnO nanorods based sensor for highly selective detection of extremely low concentration hydrogen,” Sci. Rep., vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 1–9, 2017, doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-00362-x. KumarM. BhatiV. S. RanwaS. SinghJ. KumarM. “Pd/ZnO nanorods based sensor for highly selective detection of extremely low concentration hydrogen,” Sci. Rep. 7 1 1 9 2017 10.1038/s41598-017-00362-x Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

[25] V. S. Bhati, M. Hojamberdiev, and M. Kumar, “Enhanced sensing performance of ZnO nanostructures-based gas sensors: A review,” Energy Reports, vol. 6, no. xxxx, pp. 46–62, 2020, doi: 10.1016/j.egyr.2019.08.070. BhatiV. S. HojamberdievM. KumarM. “Enhanced sensing performance of ZnO nanostructures-based gas sensors: A review,” Energy Reports 6 xxxx 46 62 2020 10.1016/j.egyr.2019.08.070 Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

[26] Z. H. Zargar and T. Islam, “A Novel Cross-Capacitive Sensor for Noncontact Microdroplet Detection,” IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron., vol. 66, no. 6, pp. 4759–4766, 2019, doi: 10.1109/TIE.2018.2863205. ZargarZ. H. IslamT. “A Novel Cross-Capacitive Sensor for Noncontact Microdroplet Detection,” IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron. 66 6 4759 4766 2019 10.1109/TIE.2018.2863205 Open DOISearch in Google Scholar