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Removal of Zinc Ions from Aqueous Solutions with the Use of Lignin and Biomass Part II

INFORMAZIONI SU QUESTO ARTICOLO

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Fig. 1.

Materials used for sorption tests and their relative humidity
Materials used for sorption tests and their relative humidity

Fig. 13.

Concept of a sorption column composed of 3 types of bed (coconut fiber, lignin, pine bark) : for 1 g and 2 g, respectively
Concept of a sorption column composed of 3 types of bed (coconut fiber, lignin, pine bark) : for 1 g and 2 g, respectively

Fig. 2.

MMD of lignin separated from black liquor
MMD of lignin separated from black liquor

Fig. 3.

FTIR-ATR spectrum of lignin in the range 400-4000cm−1 before and after adsorption of zinc ions
FTIR-ATR spectrum of lignin in the range 400-4000cm−1 before and after adsorption of zinc ions

Fig. 4.

FTIR-ATR spectrum of lignin in the range 400-1500cm−1 before and after adsorption of zinc ions
FTIR-ATR spectrum of lignin in the range 400-1500cm−1 before and after adsorption of zinc ions

Fig. 5.

FTIR-ATR spectrum of pine bark in the range 400-4000cm−1 before and after adsorption of zinc ions
FTIR-ATR spectrum of pine bark in the range 400-4000cm−1 before and after adsorption of zinc ions

Fig. 6.

FTIR-ATR spectrum of chitosan in the range 400-4000cm−1 before and after adsorption of zinc ions
FTIR-ATR spectrum of chitosan in the range 400-4000cm−1 before and after adsorption of zinc ions

Fig. 7.

FTIR-ATR spectrum of oat bran in the range 400-4000cm−1 before and after adsorption of zinc ions
FTIR-ATR spectrum of oat bran in the range 400-4000cm−1 before and after adsorption of zinc ions

Fig. 8.

FTIR-ATR spectrum of rice husk in the range 400-4000cm−1 before and after adsorption of zinc ions
FTIR-ATR spectrum of rice husk in the range 400-4000cm−1 before and after adsorption of zinc ions

Fig. 9.

FTIR-ATR spectrum of coconut fibre in the range 400-4000cm−1 before and after adsorption of zinc ions
FTIR-ATR spectrum of coconut fibre in the range 400-4000cm−1 before and after adsorption of zinc ions

Fig. 10.

FTIR-ATR spectrum of pectins in the range 400-4000cm−1 before and after adsorption of zinc ions
FTIR-ATR spectrum of pectins in the range 400-4000cm−1 before and after adsorption of zinc ions

Fig. 11.

FTIR-ATR spectrum of sodium alginate in the range 400-4000cm−1 before and after adsorption of zinc ions
FTIR-ATR spectrum of sodium alginate in the range 400-4000cm−1 before and after adsorption of zinc ions

Fig. 12.

Yield of Zn ion removal (10 mg/dm3) from aqueous solutions for selected samples at pH 4 and 7
Yield of Zn ion removal (10 mg/dm3) from aqueous solutions for selected samples at pH 4 and 7

Fig. 14.

Effect of time and system pH on the sorption yield of zinc ions (10 mg/dm3)
Effect of time and system pH on the sorption yield of zinc ions (10 mg/dm3)

Fig. 15.

Effect of time and system pH on the sorption yield of zinc ions (40 mg/dm3)
Effect of time and system pH on the sorption yield of zinc ions (40 mg/dm3)

Fig. 16.

Effect of sorbent mass and system pH on the sorption yield of zinc ions
Effect of sorbent mass and system pH on the sorption yield of zinc ions

Fig. 17.

Effect of temperature and pH of the system on the yield of zinc ion sorption
Effect of temperature and pH of the system on the yield of zinc ion sorption

Results of GPC analysis of the lignin sample expressed in standard units

Mn (PS standard) [g/mol] Mw (PSstandard) [g/mol] Mw/Mn
2 710 5 970 2.20

Chemical composition of plant raw materials

Content of analyzed fractions [%]
Rice husk Pine bark Coconut fiber Oat bran
Ash 16.1 0.200 1.75 3.50
Compounds extractable in ethanol 1.97 7.85 1.24 3.09
Cellulose 44.3 25.6 40.7 5.61
Lignin 29.6 45.2 45.8 5.72