New ionic liquids based on the biguanide cation with antimicrobial properties for applications in the textile and polymer materials industries

Fig. 1.

Fig. 2.

Analysis of FTTR bands corresponding to individual vibrations in the tested samples

Wave number (cm−1)	Chemical bond or group	Type of chemical compound	Type of vibration
3318	N-H	Amine (biguanide)	Stretch
2934	C-H (alif.)	Alifatic hydrocarbons (polyhexamethylene..)	Stretch
2060	SCN	Nitrile	Stretch
1630	C=N	Biguanide	Stretch
1551	N-H	Biguanide	Deformation
1381	C-O	Carboxylate anion	Stretch (symetric)
1153	C-O	Carboxylate anion	Stretch (asymetric)
719	C-H (arom.)	Monosubstituted aromatic ring	Deformation

Thermal stability of PHMB-BS

Temperature range (°C)	Maximum decomposition temperature (°C)	Weight loss (%)
111-175	125	9.82
175-300	287	26.46
300-400	365	22.18
400-500	482	36.89

The results of the antibacterial activity of the tested films against E_ coli

Type of bacteria	Sample	A	Assessment
E. coli	PE/PHMB-BS	3.9	Very good effect
S. aureus	PE/PHMB-BS	3.1	Very good effect

The results of the antibacterial activity of the tested films against E_ coli and S_ aureus

Type of bacteria	Sample	A	Assessment
E. coli	PHMB-SCN	1.73	Satisfactory
	PHMB-BS	1.49	Satisfactory
S. aureus	PHMB-SCN	2.41	Good
	PHMB-BS	3.00	Very good effect

Extruder zone temperatures

	Zone 1	Zone 2	Zone 3	Three-wire head
T (°C)	150	160	170	180

Criterion for assessing the effectiveness of the antimicrobial activity

The effectiveness of the antibacterial action	A
Poor	A<1
Satisfactory	1≤A≤2
Good	2≤A<3
Very good	A≥3

Extruder zone temperatures and the processing parameters

	Zone 1	Zone 2	Zone 3	Flat-slot head
T (°C)	170	170	165	160
Screw rotation (1/min)	100
Film width (mm)	160
Film thickness (mm)	0.08-0.085