Impact of smoking cessation counseling among acute myocardial infarction patients on post-hospitalization mortality rates: a systematic review
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03 ago 2022
INFORMAZIONI SU QUESTO ARTICOLO
Categoria dell'articolo: Review
Pubblicato online: 03 ago 2022
Pagine: 135 - 142
Ricevuto: 10 ott 2021
Accettato: 16 dic 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/fon-2022-0025
Parole chiave
© 2022 Eyad Abu Alhaijaa et al., published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Figure 1
Reported mortality rates in each study_
| Authors | 30-d mortality rate | 60-d mortality rate | 1-year mortality rate |
|---|---|---|---|
| Bucholz et al., (2016) |
No available data | No available data | Mortality risk reduction of 18%, hazard ratio of (0.819, 95%), confidence interval of (0.75–0.895) |
| Brown et al., (2004) |
Mortality rate risk reduction was 23% hazard ratio (0.774, 95%), confidence interval of (0.621–0.964) |
No available data | No available data |
| Van Spall et al., (2007) |
No available data | No available data | Mortality rate risk reduction of 37%, hazard ratio of (0.41, 95%), confidence interval of (0.3–0.56) |
| Houston et al., (2005) |
The relative 30 d mortality rate risk reduction was reported to be 19%, hazard ratio of (0.81, 95%), confidence interval of (0.65–0.99). | The relative 60 d mortality rate risk reduction was reported to be 19%, hazard ratio of (0.81, 95%), confidence interval of (0.65–0.94) | Mortality rate risk reduction was 14%, hazard ratio of (0.86, 95%), confidence interval of (0.79–0.94) |
Reported SCC rates_
| Study | N (%) received SCC | N (%) did not receive SCC |
|---|---|---|
| Bucholz et al. (2016) |
5695 (41.2%) | 8120 (58.8%) |
| Brown et al. (2004) |
133 (33.9%) | 259 (66.1%) |
| Van Spall et al. (2007) |
1830 (52.1%) | 1681 (47.9%) |
| Houston et al. (2005) |
6875 (41.0%) | 9868 (59.0%) |
Studies of the effectiveness of smoking cessation counseling on mortality rate_
| Author | Site & participants | Demographics | Intervention and objectives | Design | Measure of mortality | Mortality-related results | Conclusion |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Van Spall, Chong, & Tu, (2007) |
83 teaching and community hospitals in Ontario, Canada |
Mean age 65 years. |
No intervention; medical record review. |
Retrospective cohort analysis, recruited from EFFECT study. | Multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression model. | Reduction in mortality was significantly associated with inpatient SCC (hazard ratio 0.63, 95% CI, 0.44–0.90). | The SCC for inpatients post-MI is independently associated with a vital mortality advantage. |
| Mohiuddin et al. (2007) |
University-affiliated teaching hospital |
Intervention group: |
Counseling weekly for 60 min for a minimum of 3 months, delivered by a trained tobacco cessation counselor. | A randomized controlled trial, un-blind trial | Mortality was computed and compared using the Kaplan–Meier method. | All-cause mortality rate was 2.8% among the intervention group, compared with 12.0% in the usual care group. The absolute risk reduction in mortality was 9.2%. | Smokers recovering from acute coronary syndrome should receive intensive SCC counseling and drugs treatment for at least 3 months. |
| Bucholz, Beckman, Kiefe, & Krumholz, (2017) |
Acute care, non-governmental hospitals in the US. |
Mean age 72 years. |
Examine the differences in life expectancy after AMI between counseled and non-counseled smokers. | Retrospective study obtained from the Cooperative Cardiovascular Project. | Marginal Cox proportional hazards models. | Counseled smokers had lower crude mortality than non-counseled smokers. | *SCC for elderly patients with AMI is associated with long life expectancy and gains in life years. |
| Houston et al. (2005) |
Inpatients from 2971 acute care hospitals in the US. |
Male 57%. |
No intervention reported. The SCC was attained through medical record review, as if the patient received counseling, was shown a smoking cessation (SC) video, or given brochures on SC. |
Cross-sectional survey, recruited from the Cooperative Cardiovascular Project. | Kaplan–Meier survival curves; Multivariable adjustments using Cox proportion hazards models. | Smokers who received SCC had lower 30-d, 60-d, and 2-year mortality compared to non-counseled smokers. |
There is a positive association of SCC with survival. |
| Brown et al. (2004) |
117 North Carolina acute care facilities. |
Mean age 72 years. |
No intervention. |
Cross-sectional survey, recruited from the Cooperative Cardiovascular Project. | Cox proportional hazard regression | The 5-years related mortality were lower among patients who were given counseling. |
Implementing SCC that reaches all patients, including the elderly smokers, is required. |