This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.
Abid, A., Ahmad, M., Zafar, M., Zafar, S., Ramadan, M. F., Althobaiti, A. T., Sultana, S., Kilic, O., Makhkamov, T., Yuldashev, A., and Mamarakhimov, O. (2023). Foliar epidermal and trichome micromorphological diversity among poisonous plants and their taxonomic significance. Folia Horticulturae, 35(2), 1–32, https://doi.org/10.2478/fhort-2023-0019.AbidA.AhmadM.ZafarM.ZafarS.RamadanM. F.AlthobaitiA. T.SultanaS.KilicO.MakhkamovT.YuldashevA.MamarakhimovO. (2023). Foliar epidermal and trichome micromorphological diversity among poisonous plants and their taxonomic significance. Folia Horticulturae, 35(2), 1–32, https://doi.org/10.2478/fhort-2023-0019.Search in Google Scholar
Al-Hakimi, A. S., Maideen, H., and Latiff, A. (2015). Pollen and seed morphology of Rhinacanthus nees and Hypoestes Sol. ex R. Br. (Acanthaceae) of Yemen. Sains Malaysiana, 44(1), 7–15.Al-HakimiA. S.MaideenH.LatiffA. (2015). Pollen and seed morphology of Rhinacanthus nees and Hypoestes Sol. ex R. Br. (Acanthaceae) of Yemen. Sains Malaysiana, 44(1), 7–15.Search in Google Scholar
Ashfaq, S., Ahmad, M., Zafar, M., Sultana, S., Bahadur, S., Ullah, F., Zaman, W., Ahmed, S. N., and Nazish, M. (2019). Foliar micromorphology of Convolvulaceous species with special emphasis on trichome diversity from the arid zone of Pakistan. Flora, 255, 110–124, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.flora.2019.04.007.AshfaqS.AhmadM.ZafarM.SultanaS.BahadurS.UllahF.ZamanW.AhmedS. N.NazishM. (2019). Foliar micromorphology of Convolvulaceous species with special emphasis on trichome diversity from the arid zone of Pakistan. Flora, 255, 110–124, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.flora.2019.04.007.Search in Google Scholar
Bahadur, S., Ahmad, M., Mir, S., Zafar, M., Sultana, S., Ashfaq, S., and Arfan, M. (2018). Identification of monocot flora using pollen features through scanning electron microscopy. Microscopy Research and Technique, 81(6), 599–613, https://doi.org/10.1002/jemt.23015.BahadurS.AhmadM.MirS.ZafarM.SultanaS.AshfaqS.ArfanM. (2018). Identification of monocot flora using pollen features through scanning electron microscopy. Microscopy Research and Technique, 81(6), 599–613, https://doi.org/10.1002/jemt.23015.Search in Google Scholar
Blackmore, S. (1983). Palynological terminology: Opinions and approaches. Grana, 22(3), 177–179, https://doi.org/10.1080/00173138309427704.BlackmoreS. (1983). Palynological terminology: Opinions and approaches. Grana, 22(3), 177–179, https://doi.org/10.1080/00173138309427704.Search in Google Scholar
Ćalić, D., Devrnja, N., Kostić, I., and Kostić, M. (2013). Pollen morphology, viability, and germination of Prunus domestica cv. Požegača. Scientia Horticulturae, 155, 118–122, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2013.03.017.ĆalićD.DevrnjaN.KostićI.KostićM. (2013). Pollen morphology, viability, and germination of Prunus domestica cv. Požegača. Scientia Horticulturae, 155, 118–122, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2013.03.017.Search in Google Scholar
De Vogel, E. F. (1987). Manual of herbarium taxonomy. UNESCO, Jakarta.De VogelE. F. (1987). Manual of herbarium taxonomy. UNESCO, Jakarta.Search in Google Scholar
El Gazzar, A., El-Ghamery, A., El-Saied, A., El-Kady, A., and Khattab, A. (2018). Numerical re-assessment of the phenetic relationship between Apocynaceae and Asclepiadaceae. Taeckholmia, 38(1), 84–106, https://doi.org/10.21608/taec.2018.11941.El GazzarA.El-GhameryA.El-SaiedA.El-KadyA.KhattabA. (2018). Numerical re-assessment of the phenetic relationship between Apocynaceae and Asclepiadaceae. Taeckholmia, 38(1), 84–106, https://doi.org/10.21608/taec.2018.11941.Search in Google Scholar
El-Fiki, M. A., El-Taher, A. M., El-Gendy, A. G., and Lila, M. (2019). Morphological and anatomical studies on some taxa of family Apocynaceae. Al-Azhar Journal of Agricultural Research, 44(1), 136–147, https://doi.org/10.21608/ajar.2019.59750.El-FikiM. A.El-TaherA. M.El-GendyA. G.LilaM. (2019). Morphological and anatomical studies on some taxa of family Apocynaceae. Al-Azhar Journal of Agricultural Research, 44(1), 136–147, https://doi.org/10.21608/ajar.2019.59750.Search in Google Scholar
Endress, M. E., and Bruyns, P. V. (2000). A revised classification of the Apocynaceae s.l.. The Botanical Review, 66, 1–56, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02857781.EndressM. E.BruynsP. V. (2000). A revised classification of the Apocynaceae s.l.. The Botanical Review, 66, 1–56, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02857781.Search in Google Scholar
Endress, M. E., Liede-Schumann, S., and Meve, U. (2007). Advances in Apocynaceae: The enlightenment, an introduction. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden, 94(2), 259–267, https://doi.org/10.3417/0026-6493(2007)94[259:AIATEA]2.0.CO;2.EndressM. E.Liede-SchumannS.MeveU. (2007). Advances in Apocynaceae: The enlightenment, an introduction. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden, 94(2), 259–267, https://doi.org/10.3417/0026-6493(2007)94[259:AIATEA]2.0.CO;2.Search in Google Scholar
Erdtman, G. (1986). Pollen morphology and plant taxonomy: Angiosperms (Vol. 1). USA: Brill Archive.ErdtmanG. (1986). Pollen morphology and plant taxonomy: Angiosperms (Vol. 1). USA:Brill Archive.Search in Google Scholar
Khaleghi, E., Karamnezhad, F., and Moallemi, N. (2019). Study of pollen morphology and salinity effect on the pollen grains of four olive (Olea europaea) cultivars. South African Journal of Botany, 127, 51–57, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sajb.2019.08.031.KhaleghiE.KaramnezhadF.MoallemiN. (2019). Study of pollen morphology and salinity effect on the pollen grains of four olive (Olea europaea) cultivars. South African Journal of Botany, 127, 51–57, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sajb.2019.08.031.Search in Google Scholar
Khan, A., Ahmad, M., Zafar, S., Abbas, Q., Arfan, M., Zafar, M., Sultana, S., Ullah, S. A., Khan, S., Akhtar, A., and Kilic, O. (2022). Light and scanning electron microscopic observation of palynological characteristics in spineless Astragalus L.(Fabaceae) and its taxonomic significance. Microscopy Research and Technique, 85(7), 2409–2427, https://doi.org/10.1002/jemt.24097.KhanA.AhmadM.ZafarS.AbbasQ.ArfanM.ZafarM.SultanaS.UllahS. A.KhanS.AkhtarA.KilicO. (2022). Light and scanning electron microscopic observation of palynological characteristics in spineless Astragalus L.(Fabaceae) and its taxonomic significance. Microscopy Research and Technique, 85(7), 2409–2427, https://doi.org/10.1002/jemt.24097.Search in Google Scholar
Majeed, S., Ahmad, M., Ali, A., Althobaiti, A. T., Ramadan, M. F., Kilic, O., Demirpolat, A., Çobanoğlu, D. N., Zafar, S., Afza, R., Makhkamov, T., Yuldashev, T., Gafforov, Y., Khaydarov, K., Zafar, M., And Sultana, S. (2023). Pollen micromorphology among amaranthaceous species from desert rangeland: Exine stratification and their taxonomic significance. BioMed Research International, 2023, Article ID 4967771, https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/4967771.MajeedS.AhmadM.AliA.AlthobaitiA. T.RamadanM. F.KilicO.DemirpolatA.ÇobanoğluD. N.ZafarS.AfzaR.MakhkamovT.YuldashevT.GafforovY.KhaydarovK.ZafarM.SultanaS. (2023). Pollen micromorphology among amaranthaceous species from desert rangeland: Exine stratification and their taxonomic significance. BioMed Research International, 2023, Article ID 4967771, https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/4967771.Search in Google Scholar
Majeed, S., Zafar, M., Althobaoti, A. T., Ramadan, M. F., Ahmad, M., Makhkamov, T., Gafforov, Y., Sultana, S., and Yaseen, G. (2022). Comparative petiole histology using microscopic imaging visualization among amaranthaceous taxa. Flora, 297, 152178, https://doi.org/10.1016/j. flora.2022.152178.MajeedS.ZafarM.AlthobaotiA. T.RamadanM. F.AhmadM.MakhkamovT.GafforovY.SultanaS.YaseenG. (2022). Comparative petiole histology using microscopic imaging visualization among amaranthaceous taxa. Flora, 297, 152178, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.flora.2022.152178.Search in Google Scholar
Mallick, P. K. (2020). Pollen grains morphology of angiosperms. International Journal of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology, 8(2), 205–210.MallickP. K. (2020). Pollen grains morphology of angiosperms. International Journal of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology, 8(2), 205–210.Search in Google Scholar
Meena, A. K., Nitika, G., Jaspreet, N., Meena, R. P., and Rao, M. M. (2011). Review on ethnobotany, phytochemical and pharmacological profile of Alstonia scholaris. International Research Journal of Pharmacy, 2(1), 49–54.MeenaA. K.NitikaG.JaspreetN.MeenaR. P.RaoM. M. (2011). Review on ethnobotany, phytochemical and pharmacological profile of Alstonia scholaris. International Research Journal of Pharmacy, 2(1), 49–54.Search in Google Scholar
Mir, S., Ahmad, M., Khan, M. A., Zafar, M., Jahan, S., Sultana, S., Jabeen, M., and Majeed, S. (2019). Palyno-morphological investigations of subtropical endangered flora of Capparidaceae through light and scanning electron microscopy. Microscopy Research and Technique, 82(9), 1401–1409, https://doi.org/10.1002/jemt.23292.MirS.AhmadM.KhanM. A.ZafarM.JahanS.SultanaS.JabeenM.MajeedS. (2019). Palyno-morphological investigations of subtropical endangered flora of Capparidaceae through light and scanning electron microscopy. Microscopy Research and Technique, 82(9), 1401–1409, https://doi.org/10.1002/jemt.23292.Search in Google Scholar
Morais, I. L. D., Santo, F. D. S. D. E., Rapini, A., and Morales, F. (2021). Ruehssia quirinopolensis (Apocynaceae), a new species from the Cerrado Domain, Brazil. Rodriguésia, 72, 1–8.MoraisI. L. D.SantoF. D. S. D. E.RapiniA.MoralesF. (2021). Ruehssia quirinopolensis (Apocynaceae), a new species from the Cerrado Domain, Brazil. Rodriguésia, 72, 1–8.Search in Google Scholar
Nabila, Ahmad, M., Ali, M., Zafar, M., Sultana, S., Majeed, S., Yaseen, G., and Ahmad, S. (2022). Palynological diversity of melliferous flora around apiaries from district Mardan Khyber Pakhtunkhwa-Pakistan. The Botanical Review, 88(3), 299–332, https://doi.org/10.1007/s12229-021-09268-w.NabilaAhmadM.AliM.ZafarM.SultanaS.MajeedS.YaseenG.AhmadS. (2022). Palynological diversity of melliferous flora around apiaries from district Mardan Khyber Pakhtunkhwa-Pakistan. The Botanical Review, 88(3), 299–332, https://doi.org/10.1007/s12229-021-09268-w.Search in Google Scholar
Naz, S., Zafar, M., Ahmad, M., Memon, R. A., Sultana, S., Bahadur, S., Ozdemir, F. A., Siddiq, Z., and Shah, M. A. (2019). Palynological investigation of lactiferous flora (Apocynaceae) of District Rawalpindi, Pakistan, using light and scanning electron microscopy. Microscopy Research and Technique, 82(9), 1410–1418, https://doi.org/10.1002/jemt.23293.NazS.ZafarM.AhmadM.MemonR. A.SultanaS.BahadurS.OzdemirF. A.SiddiqZ.ShahM. A. (2019). Palynological investigation of lactiferous flora (Apocynaceae) of District Rawalpindi, Pakistan, using light and scanning electron microscopy. Microscopy Research and Technique, 82(9), 1410–1418, https://doi.org/10.1002/jemt.23293.Search in Google Scholar
Osman, A., Al-Ghamdi, F., and Guetat, A. (2014). Pollen morphology of some species of genus Astragalus L. (Fabaceae) in Northern region of Saudi Arabia. Life Science Journal, 11(11), 1006–1019.OsmanA.Al-GhamdiF.GuetatA. (2014). Pollen morphology of some species of genus Astragalus L. (Fabaceae) in Northern region of Saudi Arabia. Life Science Journal, 11(11), 1006–1019.Search in Google Scholar
Pal, S., and Mondal, S. (2019). Floral biology, breeding system and pollination of Oxystelma esculentum (Lf) Sm. The International Journal of Plant Reproductive Biology, 11(2) 176–181, https://mcc-idr.l2c2academy.co.in/xmlui/handle/123456789/406.PalS.MondalS. (2019). Floral biology, breeding system and pollination of Oxystelma esculentum (Lf) Sm. The International Journal of Plant Reproductive Biology, 11(2)176–181, https://mcc-idr.l2c2academy.co.in/xmlui/handle/123456789/406.Search in Google Scholar
Punt, W., Hoen, P. P., Blackmore, S., Nilsson, S., and Le Thomas, A. (2007). Glossary of pollen and spore terminology. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology, 143 (1–2), 1–81, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.revpalbo.2006.06.008.PuntW.HoenP. P.BlackmoreS.NilssonS.Le ThomasA. (2007). Glossary of pollen and spore terminology. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology, 143 (1–2), 1–81, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.revpalbo.2006.06.008.Search in Google Scholar
Raza, J., Ahmad, M., Zafar, M., Athar, M., Sultana, S., Majeed, S., Yaseen, G., Imran, M., Nazish, M., and Hussain, A. (2020). Comparative foliar anatomical and pollen morphological studies of Acanthaceae using light microscope and scanning electron microscope for effective microteaching in community. Microscopy Research and Technique, 83(9), 1103–1117, https://doi.org/10.1002/jemt.23502.RazaJ.AhmadM.ZafarM.AtharM.SultanaS.MajeedS.YaseenG.ImranM.NazishM.HussainA. (2020). Comparative foliar anatomical and pollen morphological studies of Acanthaceae using light microscope and scanning electron microscope for effective microteaching in community. Microscopy Research and Technique, 83(9), 1103–1117, https://doi.org/10.1002/jemt.23502.Search in Google Scholar
Schlechter, R. (1905). Periplocaceae. In K. Schumann and K. Lauterbach (Eds), Nachträge zur Flora der deutschen Schutzgebiete in der Südsee (pp. 351–353). Leipzig Germany: Gebrüder Borntraeger.SchlechterR. (1905). Periplocaceae. In SchumannK.LauterbachK. (Eds), Nachträge zur Flora der deutschen Schutzgebiete in der Südsee (pp. 351–353). Leipzig Germany:Gebrüder Borntraeger.Search in Google Scholar
Shah, S. A., and Ahmad, M. (2014). Reassessing palynological characters in the subfamilies Periplocoideae and Asclepiadoideae (Apocynaceae): Taxonomic and evolutionary implications. Palynology, 38(2), 224–234, https://doi.org/10.1080/01916122.2014.893264.ShahS. A.AhmadM. (2014). Reassessing palynological characters in the subfamilies Periplocoideae and Asclepiadoideae (Apocynaceae): Taxonomic and evolutionary implications. Palynology, 38(2), 224–234, https://doi.org/10.1080/01916122.2014.893264.Search in Google Scholar
Swarupanandan, K., Pillai, K. S., and Basha, S. C. (1995). Evolutionary trends in the information industry: Some preliminary observations. Journal of Information and Knowledge, 32(1), 31–40.SwarupanandanK.PillaiK. S.BashaS. C. (1995). Evolutionary trends in the information industry: Some preliminary observations. Journal of Information and Knowledge, 32(1), 31–40.Search in Google Scholar
Umber, F., Zafar, M., Ullah, R., Bari, A., Khan, M. Y., Ahmad, M., and Sultana, S. (2022). Implication of light and scanning electron microscopy for pollen morphology of selected taxa of family Asteraceae and Brassicaceae. Microscopy Research and Technique, 85(1), 373–384, https://doi.org/10.1002/jemt.23912.UmberF.ZafarM.UllahR.BariA.KhanM. Y.AhmadM.SultanaS. (2022). Implication of light and scanning electron microscopy for pollen morphology of selected taxa of family Asteraceae and Brassicaceae. Microscopy Research and Technique, 85(1), 373–384, https://doi.org/10.1002/jemt.23912.Search in Google Scholar
Ur Rahman, S., Khan, S. M., Zafar, M., Ahmad, M., Khan, R., Hussain, S., Khalid, M., and Kayani, S. I. (2019). Pollen morphological variation of Berberis L. from Pakistan and its systematic importance. Microscopy Research and Technique, 82(9), 1593–1600, https://doi.org/10.1002/jemt.23325.Ur RahmanS.KhanS. M.ZafarM.AhmadM.KhanR.HussainS.KhalidM.KayaniS. I. (2019). Pollen morphological variation of Berberis L. from Pakistan and its systematic importance. Microscopy Research and Technique, 82(9), 1593–1600, https://doi.org/10.1002/jemt.23325.Search in Google Scholar
Yaseen, S., and Perveen, A. (2014). Pollinia morphology to some members of Asclepiadaceae of Pakistan. Bangladesh Journal of Botany, 43(3), 249–253.YaseenS.PerveenA. (2014). Pollinia morphology to some members of Asclepiadaceae of Pakistan. Bangladesh Journal of Botany, 43(3), 249–253.Search in Google Scholar
Zafar, A., Zafar, M., Ahmad, M., Khan, A. M., Mahmood, T., Kilic, O., Fatima, A., Habib, D., Sultana, S., Majeed, S., and Attique, R. (2022). Microscopic (LM and SEM) visualization of pollen ultrastructure among honeybee flora from lower Margalla Hills and allied areas. Microscopy Research and Technique, 85(10), 3325–3338, https://doi.org/10.1002/jemt.24187.ZafarA.ZafarM.AhmadM.KhanA. M.MahmoodT.KilicO.FatimaA.HabibD.SultanaS.MajeedS.AttiqueR. (2022). Microscopic (LM and SEM) visualization of pollen ultrastructure among honeybee flora from lower Margalla Hills and allied areas. Microscopy Research and Technique, 85(10), 3325–3338, https://doi.org/10.1002/jemt.24187.Search in Google Scholar