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Measuring usage versus preferences for online study materials among business-majored undergraduates

Hoa Phuong Le
Hoa Phuong Le
, 
Jan Elen
Jan Elen
 e 
Anneleen Cosemans
Anneleen Cosemans
   | 30 mar 2023
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Article Category: Research Article
Pubblicato online: 30 mar 2023
Pagine: 16 - 30
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/eurodl-2023-0002
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© 2023 Hoa Phuong Le et al., published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Figure 1

Illustrated comparisons of three cluster centres in terms of material preferences. Clip, MOOC/knowledge clips.); Dis, discussion boards; Lec, face-to-face lectures; MOOC, massive open online course; Quiz, online quizzes; Web, Web lectures.
Illustrated comparisons of three cluster centres in terms of material preferences. Clip, MOOC/knowledge clips.); Dis, discussion boards; Lec, face-to-face lectures; MOOC, massive open online course; Quiz, online quizzes; Web, Web lectures.

Figure 2

Illustrated comparisons of three cluster centres in terms of material usage.
Illustrated comparisons of three cluster centres in terms of material usage.

Figure 3

Illustrated comparisons of the three clusters in both preferences and usage of online study materials. Clip: MOOC/knowledge clips.); Dis: discussion boards; Lec: face-to-face lectures; MOOC, massive open online course; Quiz: online quizzes; Web: Web lectures.
Illustrated comparisons of the three clusters in both preferences and usage of online study materials. Clip: MOOC/knowledge clips.); Dis: discussion boards; Lec: face-to-face lectures; MOOC, massive open online course; Quiz: online quizzes; Web: Web lectures.

Descriptive statistics of students’ preferences and usage of online study materials in three clusters

Indicator Cluster 1 (n = 45) Cluster 2 (n = 77) Cluster 3 (n = 81) Post hoc test (Games–Howell)
Mean SD Mean SD Mean SD p < 0.05
Preference (ranking of preference)
Face-to-face lectures 1.82 1.614 1.82 1.325 0.20 0.534 C1 ≠ C3C2 ≠ C3
Face-to-face lectures + Web lectures 3.76 1.264 3.53 0.912 1.37 0.678 C1 ≠ C3C2 ≠ C3
Web lectures + quizzes 3.22 1.580 3.34 1.314 3.47 1.215 No significantdifferences
Web lectures + discussion boards 1.76 0.916 4.18 0.854 3.69 1.103 C1 ≠ C3; C1 ≠ C2C2 ≠ C3;
Knowledge clips + quizzes 2.87 1.160 0.55 0.640 3.05 1.213 C1 ≠ C2C2 ≠ C3
Knowledge clips + discussion boards 1.58 1.559 1.50 1.056 3.22 1.378 C1 ≠ C3C2 ≠ C3
Usage (frequency of access)
Web lectures 28.69 14.318 38.16 16.691 34.86 15.657 C1 ≠ C2
Quizzes 7.67 5.568 10.18 4.814 9.44 5.341 C1 ≠ C2
MOOC/knowledge clips 13.71 6.858 17.70 9.750 16.38 7.835 C1 ≠ C2
Discussion boards 18.71 22.001 31.52 32.908 19.65 19.956 C1 ≠ C2C2 ≠ C3

Description of one dataset for one student

Student ID Preference of materials Usage of materials Performance in the course
Ranking among 6 combinations of materials (6 indicators) Frequency of access to 4 separate types of materials (4 indicators) Assignment and final examination raw scores (8 indicators)
e.g. Student 1 Lec = 0WebLec = 3WebQuiz = 4WebDis= 5ClipQuiz =1ClipDis = 2 Web = 30Clip = 12Dis = 68Quiz = 8 Assignments:Module 4 = 10Module 5 = 7Module 6 = 8(Total: 25)Final examination:Module 4 = 7Module 5 = 7Module 6 = 5(Total: 19)
Notes for abbreviation:Lec: face-to-face lectures; Web: Web lectures; Quiz: online quizzes; Dis: discussion boards; Clip: MOOC/knowledge clips

Descriptions of study materials and respective indicators of students’ use in Toledo

Type of material Description Indicators of use
Web lectures The teachers give presentations of learning contents with visual aids (PowerPoint slides, Excel spreadsheets, etc.) in Dutch. The lectures are recorded by the teachers then uploaded onto Toledo for students to watch freely. Number of clicks
MOOC/knowledge clips The teachers provide short videos that explain learning contents in Dutch/English. Students click onto the given links to be directed to an external Website such as YouTube (knowledge clips) or edX (MOOC) instead of staying on Toledo. Number of clicks
Discussion boards (Q&A) Students post questions on the common discussion board. The teachers and other students can reply to the posts to answer and/or elaborate. The Q&A can be in Dutch or English. Number of posts createdNumber of posts viewed
Online quizzes The teachers create quizzes on Toledo for students to test their understanding of learning contents on their own accord. The quizzes are in English. Number of attempts

Descriptive statistics of students’ preferences of online study materials

Combinations of study materials Number of students Ranking of preference
Minimum Maximum Mean Std. deviation
Face-to-face lectures 203 0 5 1.17 1.405
Face-to-face lectures + Web lectures 203 0 5 2.72 1.437
Web lectures + quizzes 203 0 5 3.36 1.337
Web lectures + discussion boards 203 0 5 3.45 1.350
Knowledge clips + quizzes 203 0 5 2.06 1.563
Knowledge clips + discussion boards 203 0 5 2.24 1.533

Descriptive statistics of students’ usage of online study materials

Material Number of content items Number of students Number of views/clicks/attempts
Mean Std. deviation Mean per item Std. deviation
Web lectures 14 203 34.74 16.099 2.48 1.150
Quizzes 6 203 9.33 5.260 1.56 0.877
MOOC/clips 6 203 16.29 8.518 2.72 1.420
Discussion boards 38 203 23.95 26.570 0.63 0.699
eISSN:
1027-5207
Lingua:
Inglese
Frequenza di pubblicazione:
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Argomenti della rivista:
Social Sciences, Education, Curriculum and Pedagogy, other
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