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Comparison of Select Analytes from Different Laboratories in Tobacco and Smoke for Commercial Cigars Across a Range of Designs

,  e   
07 gen 2025
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Figure 1.

Cigar products tested. Samples are ordered from top to bottom in the photograph as Sample A, Sample B, Sample C, Sample D, Sample E, and Sample F.
Cigar products tested. Samples are ordered from top to bottom in the photograph as Sample A, Sample B, Sample C, Sample D, Sample E, and Sample F.

Figure 2.

Lab comparison: Pressure drop average of 7 replicates for each sample from three different labs. Error bars, if shown, are 3 × standard deviation.
Lab comparison: Pressure drop average of 7 replicates for each sample from three different labs. Error bars, if shown, are 3 × standard deviation.

Figure 3.

Lab comparison: Tobacco nicotine average of 7 replicates shown for each sample from three different labs. Error bars are 3 × standard deviation.
Lab comparison: Tobacco nicotine average of 7 replicates shown for each sample from three different labs. Error bars are 3 × standard deviation.

Figure 4.

Product comparison: “Tar” yields. Data shown for a single laboratory (Lab 1), n=20.
Product comparison: “Tar” yields. Data shown for a single laboratory (Lab 1), n=20.

Figure 5.

TNCO Collaborative Studies: %R values for “tar” from 2007 to 2019 (n=5; laboratory count, typically <12).
TNCO Collaborative Studies: %R values for “tar” from 2007 to 2019 (n=5; laboratory count, typically <12).

Figure 6.

TNCO Collaborative studies: Cigar (40) vs. cigarette (41) regime for a cigarette monitor test piece where global mean is based on data from all laboratories in the study.
TNCO Collaborative studies: Cigar (40) vs. cigarette (41) regime for a cigarette monitor test piece where global mean is based on data from all laboratories in the study.

Figure 7.

Lab comparison: Smoke formaldehyde average of 7 replicates shown for each sample from three different labs. Error bars are 3 × standard deviation.
Lab comparison: Smoke formaldehyde average of 7 replicates shown for each sample from three different labs. Error bars are 3 × standard deviation.

Summary of physical parameters results_ Data are displayed as mean ± one standard deviation (% RSD); n = 20_

Lab A B C D E F LPR b
Conditioned cigar weight (g/cigar)
1 1.36 ± 0.02 (1) 2.69 ± 0.17 (6) 2.97 ± 0.23 (8) 3.91 ± 0.27 (7) 13.87 ± 1.24 (9) 18.05 ± 0.60 (3) 234%
2 1.37 ± 0.02 (2) 2.68 ± 0.10 (4) 3.04 ± 0.25 (8) 3.93 ± 0.27 (7) 13.58 ± 1.06 (8) 19.27 ± 1.14 (6) 245%
3 1.37 ± 0.02 (1) 2.72 ± 0.16 (6) 2.98 ± 0.28 (10) 3.92 ± 0.34 (9) 13.89 18.20 234%
LR a 1% 1% 2% 1% 2% 7%
Conditioned tobacco weight (g/cigar)
1 0.98 ± 0.02 (2) 2.19 ± 0.10 (5) 2.55 ± 0.22 (8) 2.22 ± 0.23 (11) 13.55 ± 1.25 (9) 17.62 ± 0.59 (3) 255%
2 0.97 ± 0.02 (2) 2.22 ± 0.08 (4) 2.59 ± 0.25 (10) 2.23 ± 0.26 (12) 13.39 ± 1.38 (10) 18.80 ± 1.18 (6) 266%
3 NR NR NR NR 13.89 18.20 NC
LR 1% 1% 2% 0% 4% 6%
Length (mm)
1 98.3 ± 0.2 (0.2) 98.5 ± 1.2 (1.2) 113.7 ± 0.3 (0.3) 121.4 ± 0.5 (0.4) 127.0 ± 0.4 (0.3) 151.6 ± 0.5 (0.4) 45%
2 98.7 ± 0.2 (0.2) 102.5 ± 1.3 (1.3) 112.8 ± 0.2 (0.2) 121.5 ± 0.5 (0.4) 126.2 ± 0.6 (0.5) 152.2 ± 0.7 (0.5) 45%
3 98.9 ± 0.3 (0.3) 99.4 ± 0.8 (0.8) 103.2 ± 0.5 (0.5) 121.3 ± 0.5 (0.4) 120.7 141.1 37%
LR 1% 4% 10% 0% 5% 7%
Diameter (mm)
1 7.70 ± 0.02 (0.3) 9.93 ± 0.14 (1.5) 10.63 ± 0.04 (0.4) 11.35 ± 0.05 (0.4) 19.79 ± 0.44 (2.2) 20.97 ± 0.37 (1.8) 99%
2 7.82 ± 0.02 (0.3) 10.38 ± 0.21 (2.0) 10.67 ± 0.14 (1.3) 11.59 ± 0.06 (0.5) 20.07 ± 0.35 (1.7) 21.56 ± 0.27 (1.3) 100%
3 7.82 ± 0.06 (0.7) 11.17 ± 0.34 (3.1) 10.65 ± 0.18 (1.7) 11.17 ± 0.25 (2.3) 20.03 21.29 98%
LR 2% 12% 0% 4% 1% 3%
Pressure drop (mm H2O)
1 260.7 ± 13.8 (5) 104.7 ± 29.1 (28) 127.3 ± 30.8 (24) 96.3 ± 41.5 (43) 37.4 ± 11.2 (30) 37.9 ± 11.6 (31) 202%
2 266.6 ± 17.0 (6) 87.0 ± 21.8 (25) 155.6 ± 50.7 (33) 85.7 ± 29.0 (34) 47.4 ± 14.3 (30) 33.0 ± 7.0 (21) 208%
3 287.6 ± 14.0 (5) 107.7 ± 26.8 (25) 134.2 ± 53.9 (40) 86.6 ± 28.4 (33) 52.3 35.9 214%
LR 10% 21% 20% 12% 33% 14%

Summary of tobacco testing results_ Data are displayed as mean ± one standard deviation (% RSD); DWB = dry weight basis; n = 7_

Lab A B C D E F LPR b
Nicotine DWB (µg/g)
1 11065 ± 382 (3.5) 22419 ± 642 (2.9) 8336 ± 184 (2.2) 9742 ± 391 (4.0) 23666 ± 938 (4.0) 29138 ± 1042 (3.6) 120%
2 12858 ± 596 (4.6) 18114 ± 928 (5.1) 7832 ± 393 (5.0) 11996 ± 604 (5.0) 31864 ± 2633 (8.3) 28475 ± 4084 (14.3) 130%
3 14797 ± 622 (4.2) 23685 ± 89 (0.4) 8126 ± 60 (0.7) 13734 ± 69 (0.5) 26030 ± 253 (1.0) 34491 ± 264 (0.8) 131%
LR a 29% 26% 6% 34% 30% 20%
Ammonia DWB (µg/g)
1 2771 ± 41 (1.5) 4769 ± 85 (1.8) 2116 ± 35 (1.7) 1616 ± 14 (0.9) 6990 ± 124 (1.8) 8593 ± 85 (1.0) 156%
2 3112 ± 73 (2.4) 4608 ± 71 (1.5) 2344 ± 25 (1.1) 1929 ± 37 (1.9) 8048 ± 178 (2.2) 8281 ± 233 (2.8) 135%
3 3584 ± 144 (4.0) 5497 ± 140 (2.6) 2529 ± 56 (2.2) 1841 ± 23 (1.2) 8641 ± 213 (2.5) 9745 ± 107 (1.1) 149%
LR 26% 18% 18% 17% 21% 16%
Acetaldehyde DWB (µg/g)
1 1.17 ± 0.16 (14) 0.21 ± 0.04 (19) 0.97 ± 0.03 (3) 0.29 ± 0.05 (16) 0.65 ± 0.11 (17) 1.28 ± 0.14 (11) 140%
2 2.23 ± 0.12 (6) < 0.10 2.07 ± 0.30 (15) 0.81 ± 0.08 (10) 0.75 ± 0.02 (3) 1.28 ± 0.22 (17) NC
3 0.50 ± 0.01 (2) 0.22 ± 0.02 (9) 1.11 ± 0.07 (6) < 0.10 0.33 ± 0.03 (8) 0.61 ± 0.06 (10) 161%
LR 133% 5% 80% 95% 73% 63%
Crotonaldehyde DWB (µg/g)
1 < 0.040 < 0.041 < 0.041 < 0.039 < 0.042 < 0.042 NA
2 < 0.050 < 0.050 < 0.050 < 0.050 < 0.050 < 0.050 NA
3 < 0.050 < 0.050 < 0.050 < 0.050 < 0.009 < 0.009 NA
LR NA NA NA NA NA NA
Formaldehyde DWB (µg/g)
1 1.22 ± 0.17 (14) 0.51 ± 0.05 (10) 0.71 ± 0.03 (4) 3.33 ± 0.45 (14) 1.19 ± 0.18 (15) 1.39 ± 0.18 (13) 203%
2 1.03 ± 0.08 (7) 0.46 ± 0.09 (20) 1.14 ± 0.11 (10) 2.32 ± 0.11 (5) 0.58 ± 0.01 (1) 0.98 ± 0.12 (12) 171%
3 0.83 ± 0.07 (8) 0.26 ± 0.08 (31) 0.78 ± 0.09 (12) 1.21 ± 0.08 (7) 0.69 ± 0.07 (11) 0.52 ± 0.08 (15) 133%
LR 38% 61% 49% 93% 74% 90%
Arsenic DWB (ng/g)
1 99 ± 6 (6) 146 ± 11 (8) 2342 ± 554 (24) 2080 ± 162 (8) 111 ± 4 (3) 133 ± 6 (5) 274%
2 140 ± 15 (10) 120 ± 11 (9) 216 ± 17 (8) 281 ± 30 (11) 157 ± 18 (12) 189 ± 16 (8) 88%
3 129 ± 10 (7) 211 ± 16 (8) 1028 ± 125 (12) 265 ± 14 (5) 188 ± 19 (10) 140 ± 10 (7) 275%
LR 33% 57% 178% 207% 51% 36%
Cadmium DWB (ng/g)
1 1078 ± 40 (4) 1164 ± 45 (4) 1173 ± 134 (11) 1326 ± 29 (2) 527 ± 16 (3) 722 ± 25 (3) 80%
2 1414 ± 88 (6) 1381 ± 109 (8) 1316 ± 84 (6) 1622 ± 98 (6) 669 ± 51 (8) 328 ± 81 (25) 115%
3 1273 ± 88 (7) 1416 ± 34 (2) 1312 ± 18 (1) 1770 ± 15 (1) 1216 ± 69 (6) 769 ± 15 (2) 77%
LR 27% 19% 11% 28% 86% 73%
Benzo(a)pyrene DWB (ng/g)
1 4.33 ± 0.31 (7) 4.63 ± 0.39 (8) 4.57 ± 0.23 (5) 4.14 ± 0.25 (6) 3.86 ± 0.25 (7) 1.85 ± 0.14 (8) 71%
2 5.38 ± 0.35 (7) 5.85 ± 0.26 (5) 5.63 ± 0.62 (11) 3.19 ± 0.27 (9) < 2.19 < 2.00 NC
3 3.72 ± 0.81 (22) 4.10 ± 0.25 (6) < 0.10 3.20 ± 0.31 (10) 3.05 ± 0.33 (11) 2.11 ± 0.25 (12) NC
LR 37% 36% 21% 27% 23% 13%
NNK DWB (ng/g)
1 4682 ± 149 (3) 661 ± 43 (6) 4388 ± 137 (3) 445 ± 19 (4) 687 ± 17 (2) 164 ± 18 (11) 246%
2 2701 ± 475 (18) 477 ± 36(8) 8938 ± 138(2) 341 ± 11(3) < 100 2425 ± 132(6) NC
3 2987 ± 162(5) 606 ± 24(4) 10164 ± 426(4) 472 ± 28(6) 1245 ± 255(21) 163 ± 22(13) 384%
LR 57% 32% 74% 31% 58% 247%
NNN DWB (ng/g)
1 5326 ± 295(5.5) 3012 ± 155(5.1) 10016 ± 495(4.9) 1850 ± 127(6.9) 2186 ± 60(2.8) 2050 ± 87(4.2) 200%
2 4896 ± 249(5.1) 2674 ± 241(9.0) 16749 ± 187(1.1) 1625 ± 6(0.4) 1244 ± 85(6.8) 5173 ± 239(4.6) 287%
3 5821 ± 224(3.8) 3632 ± 92(2.5) 26566 ± 752(2.8) 3140 ± 160(5.1) 3795 ± 347(9.1) 1993 ± 46(2.3) 328%
LR 17% 31% 93% 69% 106% 104%

Employed machine smoking parameters_

Parameter Cigar diameter ≤ 12.0 mm Cigar diameter > 12.0 mm
Puff volume (mL) 20 0.139 × (diameter)2
Puff frequency (s) 40 40
Puff duration (s) 1.5 1.5

Sample information and nominal physical parameters values_

Study ID Product Type Circumference (mm) Diameter (mm) Length (mm) Weight (g) Features of note
A Large filter cigar 22 7 99 with filter: 1.29 Filtered
B Small cigar 25 8 99 2.57 Irregular lighting end
C Cigarillo 25 8 114 2.87 Tapered mouth-end
D Wood-tipped cigar 28 9 with tip: 120 with tip: 3.90 Non-cylindrical wooden mouth-piece
without tip: 100 without tip: 2.33
E Hand-made cigar 65 20.7 127 14.5 Closed mouth-end, requires cutting
F Hand-made cigar 73 23 152 18.5 Closed mouth-end, requires cutting

Summary results of puff count, TPM, “tar”, nicotine, water, and CO_ Data are displayed as mean ± one standard deviation (%RSD); n = 20;_

Lab A B C D E F LPR b
Puff count (per cigar)
1 21 ± 1 (4) 54 ± 10 (18) 45 ± 3 (7) 37 ± 3 (9) 92 ± 14 (16) 201 ± 59 (29) 240%
2 22 ± 1 (6) 57 ± 10 (18) 42 ± 3 (7) 50 ± 7 (15) 103 ± 13 (12) 155 ± 18 (12) 186%
3 20 ± 1 (7) 48 ± 7 (14) 41 ± 4 (9) 37 ± 5 (13) 155 ± 25 (16) 199 ± 32 (16) 215%
LR a 10% 17% 9% 31% 54% 25%
“Tar” (mg/cigar)
1 22 ± 2 (10) 37 ± 11 (30) 49 ± 5 (11) 31 ± 9 (30) 92 ± 47 (51) 138 ± 55 (40) 189%
2 25 ± 3 (13) 51 ± 8 (16) 50 ± 5 (11) 61 ± 8 (13) 138 ± 26 (19) 286 ± 47 (16) 256%
3 19 ± 3 (17) 45 ± 12 (25) 49 ± 8 (17) 39 ± 9 (22) 171 ± 41 (24) 291 ± 47 (16) 266%
LR 27% 32% 2% 69% 59% 64%
Nicotine (mg/cigar)
1 0.95 ± 0.11 (11) 2.26 ± 0.77 (34) 1.45 ± 0.41 (28) 1.08 ± 0.45 (41) 5.62 ± 3.45 (61) 22.24 ± 13.06 (59) 380%
2 1.16 ± 0.11 (9) 3.22 ± 0.49 (15) 1.51 ± 0.18 (12) 2.26 ± 0.30 (13) 9.91 ± 3.46 (35) 13.19 ± 5.69 (43) 231%
3 0.86 ± 0.09 (10) 3.33 ± 0.71 (21) 1.42 ± 0.25 (18) 1.49 ± 0.44 (30) 9.86 ± 4.22 (43) 25.70 ± 7.51 (29) 349%
LR 30% 36% 6% 73% 51% 61%
Carbon monoxide (mg/cigar)
1 28 ± 3 (11.0) 65 ± 18 (28.0) 69 ± 43 (62.0) 58 ± 17 (30.0) < 359.8 553 ± 311 (56.0) 340% c
2 30 ± 5 (17.0) 70 ± 12 (18.0) 72 ± 21 (30.0) 78 ± 27 (35.0) 446 ± 172 (39.0) 751 ± 110 (15.0) 299%
3 26 ± 3 (13.0) 67 ± 13 (19.0) 93 ± 10 (10.0) 57 ± 8 (14.0) 404 ± 60 (15.0) 732 ± 69 (9.0) 307%
LR 14% 7% 31% 33% 21% a 29%
Water (mg/cigar)
1 < 0.6 < 2.2 1.9 ± 0.5 (25) < 0.8 < 88.0 < 309.8 NC
2 0.8 ± 0.4 (49) 3.7 ± 1.6 (44) 2.6 ± 1.7 (66) 8.4 ± 2.7 (33) 96.9 ± 35.5 (37) 166.5 ± 53.6 (32) 356%
3 0.1 ± 0.2 (206) 0.7 ± 1.0 (141) 0.8 ± 0.8 (101) 1.0 ± 1.0 (106) 88.8 ± 34.8 (39) 261.9 ± 97.4 (37) 445%
LR 140% c 136% c 102% 224% c 10% c 58% c
TPM (mg/cigar)
1 23 ± 2 (11) 42 ± 13 (32) 52 ± 6 (11) 32 ± 10 (31) 185 ± 102 (55) 470 ± 261 (56) 334%
2 27 ± 3 (12) 58 ± 9 (15) 54 ± 6 (11) 71 ± 10 (14) 245 ± 40 (16) 466 ± 78 (17) 286%
3 19 ± 3 (17) 50 ± 12 (25) 52 ± 8 (16) 42 ± 10 (23) 269 ± 72 (27) 579 ± 111 (19) 332%
LR 35% 32% 4% 81% 36% 22%

Summary of smoking results_ Data are displayed as mean ± one standard deviation (%RSD); n = 7;_

Lab A B C D E F LPR b
Ammonia (µg/cigar)
1 28 ± 7 (27) 60 ± 53 (87) 107 ± 129 (121) 104 ± 88 (85) 1467 ± 1167 (80) 5987 ± 3397 (57) 461%
2 43 ± 12 (28) 43 ± 9 (21) 62 ± 5 (9) 68 ± 13 (19) 1101 ± 215 (20) 2636 ± 1581 (60) 394%
3 < 30.0 < 30.2 41 ± 7 (16) < 32.9 1503 ± 996 (66) 5417 ± 2979 (55) NC
LR a 45% 67% 94% 104% 30% 72%
Acetaldehyde (µg/cigar)
1 700 ± 133 (19) 955 ± 286 (30) 1721 ± 357 (21) 1769 ± 454 (26) 4669 ± 1925 (41) 5011 ± 1134 (23) 174%
2 760 ± 67 (9) 1334 ± 286 (21) 1653 ± 263 (16) 1747 ± 204 (12) 3257 ± 726 (22) 5520 ± 1082 (20) 200%
3 1042 ± 73 (7) 1906 ± 121 (6) 2525 ± 199 (8) 2251 ± 206 (9) 3892 ± 728 (19) 4503 ± 758 (17) 129%
LR 41% 68% 44% 26% 36% 20%
Acrolein (µg/cigar)
1 27 ± 6 (24) 11 ± 3 (30) 26 ± 9 (35) 33 ± 11 (33) 63 ± 12 (19) 99 ± 16 (16) 204%
2 36 ± 4 (10) 29 ± 3 (11) 47 ± 10 (22) 47 ± 10 (21) 67 ± 18 (27) 92 ± 19 (20) 119%
3 40 ± 3 (8) 26 ± 2 (8) 51 ± 5 (9) 51 ± 5 (9) 28 ± 3 (11) 63 ± 9 (14) 86%
LR 38% 82% 60% 41% 74% 43%
Crotonaldehyde (µg/cigar)
1 6 ± 1 (21) 9 ± 3 (31) 42 ± 16 (39) 38 ± 11 (28) 61 ± 24 (39) 77 ± 19 (25) 183%
2 15 ± 2 (15) 195 ± 38 (20) 44 ± 8 (19) 49 ± 8 (16) 49 ± 10 (20) 68 ± 23 (34) 257%
3 11 ± 1 (7) 20 ± 2 (10) 40 ± 5 (12) 44 ± 3 (7) 20 ± 5 (26) 27 ± 7 (27) 122%
LR 84% 249% 10% 25% 95% 87%
Formaldehyde (µg/cigar)
1 11 ± 2 (18) 8 ± 3 (36) 11 ± 3 (26) 15 ± 4 (29) 8 ± 3 (33) 9 ± 3 (33) 68%
2 8 ± 2 (26) 9 ± 2 (22) 14 ± 3 (21) 15 ± 5 (33) 20 ± 3 (16) 24 ± 5 (23) 107%
3 7 ± 1 (11) 7 ± 1 (17) 13 ± 3 (22) 21 ± 3 (16) 9 ± 1 (13) 16 ± 3 (21) 115%
LR 46% 25% 24% 35% 97% 92%
4-Aminobiphenyl (ng/cigar)
1 4 ± 1 (17) 9 ± 2 (18) 15 ± 1 (8) 5 ± 3 (65) 41 ± 11 (28) 50 ± 10 (20) 223%
2 2 ± 0 (14) 6 ± 2 (27) 12 ± 1 (11) 8 ± 2 (27) 10 ± 4 (44) 17 ± 5 (28) 164%
3 3 ± 0 (9) 7 ± 2 (33) 13 ± 2 (15) 5 ± 2 (36) 19 ± 3 (15) 38 ± 7 (17) 247%
LR 67% 41% 23% 50% 133% 94%
1-Aminonaphthalene (ng/cigar)
1 53 ± 8 (15) 90 ± 18 (20) 137 ± 13 (10) 55 ± 38 (69) 424 ± 104 (24) 518 ± 124 (24) 218%
2 86 ± 7 (9) 118 ± 31 (27) 155 ± 21 (14) 150 ± 30 (20) 131 ± 54 (41) 193 ± 51 (26) 77%
3 39 ± 8 (20) 77 ± 34 (44) 111 ± 20 (18) 55 ± 23 (42) 170 ± 39 (23) 308 ± 45 (15) 212%
LR 79% 43% 33% 110% 121% 96%
2-Aminonaphthalene (ng/cigar)
1 35 ± 5 (14) 48 ± 8 (18) 78 ± 8 (10) 35 ± 23 (65) 221 ± 55 (25) 270 ± 65 (24) 205%
2 39 ± 2 (4) 43 ± 9 (21) 67 ± 5 (8) 68 ± 14 (20) 52 ± 21 (40) 76 ± 24 (32) 64%
3 26 ± 4 (16) 38 ± 15 (38) 60 ± 11 (19) 32 ± 13 (42) 88 ± 19 (21) 168 ± 38 (23) 207%
LR 39% 23% 26% 80% 140% 113%
Benzo(a)pyrene (ng/cigar)
1 11 ± 5 (48) 23 ± 9 (42) 74 ± 12 (15) 32 ± 19 (58) 97 ± 35 (36) 155 ± 30 (19) 220%
2 26 ± 4 (14) 39 ± 7 (19) 89 ± 11 (12) 85 ± 17 (20) 99 ± 19 (20) 137 ± 25 (19) 140%
3 19 ± 2 (11) 30 ± 12 (42) 68 ± 8 (11) 63 ± 12 (19) 78 ± 20 (26) 113 ± 47 (42) 152%
LR 80% 52% 27% 88% 23% 31%
NNK (ng/cigar)
1 433 ± 79 (18) 135 ± 36 (27) 689 ± 216 (31) 166 ± 82 (50) 421 ± 213 (51) 380 ± 268 (71) 149%
2 1286 ± 246 (19) 502 ± 111 (22) 4299 ± 682 (16) 574 ± 91 (16) 1707 ± 2358 (138) 529 ± 387 (73) 256%
3 419 ± 37 (9) 213 ± 77 (36) 1809 ± 327 (18) 152 ± 58 (38) 1266 ± 1492 (118) 255 ± 77 (30) 242%
LR 122% 130% 159% 142% 114% 71%
NNN (ng/cigar)
1 350 ± 64 (18) 240 ± 90 (37) 838 ± 184 (22) 224 ± 92 (41) 1303 ± 1025(79) 2364 ± 766 (32) 241%
2 1177 ± 73 (6) 1030 ± 215 (21) 6313 ± 1008 (16) 935 ± 96 (10) 2286 ± 1399 (61) 1989 ± 647 (33) 235%
3 402 ± 20 (5) 517 ± 228 (44) 3205 ± 482 (15) 322 ± 112 (35) 1755 ± 883 (50) 3370 ± 1597 (47) 191%
LR 129% 133% 159% 144% 55% 54%
Acrylonitrile (µg/cigar)
1 12 ± 3 (28) 55 ± 12 (21) 72 ± 15 (21) 30 ± 16 (54) 302 ± 56 (19) 473 ± 90 (19) 293%
2 17 ± 5 (27) 63 ± 11 (18) 81 ± 7 (8) 57 ± 17 (29) 112 ± 25 (23) 184 ± 37 (20) 195%
3 16 ± 1 (7) 65 ± 19 (29) 90 ± 12 (13) 51 ± 3 (7) 241 ± 36 (15) 488 ± 79 (16) 298%
LR 33% 16% 22% 59% 87% 80%
Benzene (µg/cigar)
1 58 ± 9 (16) 248 ± 75 (30) 280 ± 46 (16) 152 ± 72 (48) 1313 ± 144 (11) 1634 ± 144 (9) 257%
2 81 ± 19 (24) 320 ± 52 (16) 356 ± 29 (8) 305 ± 80 (26) 699 ± 97 (14) 812 ± 168 (21) 170%
3 71 ± 4 (6) 318 ± 81 (25) 364 ± 52 (14) 231 ± 20 (9) 1250 ± 154 (12) 2021 ± 204 (10) 275%
LR 33% 24% 25% 67% 56% 81%
1,3-Butadiene (µg/cigar)
1 56 ± 4 (7) 185 ± 30 (16) 235 ± 46 (20) 116 ± 50 (43) 974 ± 304 (31) 974 ± 279 (29) 217%
2 207 ± 49 (24) 600 ± 130 (22) 757 ± 79 (10) 515 ± 131 (25) 1445 ± 724 (50) 1172 ± 233 (20) 158%
3 93 ± 5 (6) 323 ± 97 (30) 388 ± 37 (9) 245 ± 18 (7) 633 ± 124 (20) 1033 ± 158 (15) 208%
LR 127% 112% 113% 137% 80% 19%
Isoprene (µg/cigar)
1 527 ± 90 (17) 2019 ± 410 (20) 1897 ± 333 (18) 1001 ± 332 (33) 8714 ± 1988 (23) 11006 ± 3810 (35) 250%
2 736 ± 146 (20) 2027 ± 447 (22) 1864 ± 203 (11) 1739 ± 377 (22) 4360 ± 1348 (31) 4893 ± 1186 (24) 160%
3 630 ± 54 (9) 2253 ± 717 (32) 1898 ± 156 (8) 1490 ± 98 (7) 7131 ± 1804 (25) 14393 ± 2265 (16) 297%
LR 33% 11% 2% 52% 65% 94%
Toluene (µg/cigar)
1 84 ± 25 (29) 391 ± 93 (24) 407 ± 93 (23) 230 ± 93 (40) 2700 ± 413 (15) 3705 ± 642 (17) 289%
2 131 ± 33 (26) 544 ± 78 (14) 603 ± 70 (12) 575 ± 149 (26) 1273 ± 250 (20) 1823 ± 316 (17) 205%
3 128 ± 9 (7) 621 ± 140 (22) 732 ± 116 (16) 458 ± 47 (10) 2706 ± 301 (11) 5041 ± 536 (11) 304%
LR 41% 44% 56% 82% 64% 91%
Lingua:
Inglese
Frequenza di pubblicazione:
4 volte all'anno
Argomenti della rivista:
Interesse generale, Scienze biologiche, Scienze della vita, altro, Fisica, Fisica, altro