Machine Vaping of Electronic Cigarettes - A Comparison of Puffing Regimes

Puff profile diagrams (why square was favoured). Common puff profile algorithms for aerosol collection compared to possible device puff profile shape. In Figure a) the device has a relatively slow start-up. Square-shaped and bell-shaped machine profiles would give similar yield results. In Figure b) the device has a relatively quick start-up time, and the bell-shaped profile may give lower yields than the square-shaped profile.

Figure 2

Puff profile diagram. Puff block results example shown as (a) puff block to puff block yield trending and (b) cumulative yield.

Impact of puff frequency on yield.

Puffing regime	Puff count	Volume (mL/min)	Nicotine (mg/cig)	ACM (mg/cig)	Water (mg/cig)	Nicotine (mg/puff)	ACM (mg/puff)	Water (mg/puff)
55 / 3 / 30	60	110	1.2	73.2	12.5	0.020	1.22	0.21
55 / 3 / 60	60	55	1.0	63.9	11.0	0.016	1.07	0.18

Comparison of ACM composition across regimes. Range in analyte percent composition across the regimes for each sample.

Sample	Total PG	Total nicotine	Total glycerin	Total water
Range of % Composition^a
Lab 1-Rechargeable	47–48	1.2–1.2	26–27	11–13
Lab 2-Disposable	56–58	1.8–1.9	28–29	8–11
Lab 2-Rechargeable	57–59	1.8–1.9	28–29	8–12
Lab 3-Disposable	NA^c	1.6–1.6	71–76	20–20
Lab 3-Rechargeable	NA	1.3–1.4	72–76	15–16
Lab 4-Disposable	42–47	1.0–1.2	33–39	15–18
Lab 4-Rechargeable	34–41	1.4–1.5	41–44	11–13
% Difference in % Compositionb
Lab 1-Rechargeable	3 %	2 %	4 %	21 %
Lab 2-Disposable	4 %	4 %	5 %	33 %
Lab 2-Rechargeable	3 %	3 %	4 %	32 %
Lab 3-Disposable	NA	1 %	6 %	3 %
Lab 3-Rechargeable	NA	2 %	7 %	9 %
Lab 4-Disposable	10 %	22 %	16 %	21 %
Lab 4-Rechargeable	19 %	8 %	6 %	17 %

Range in analyte percent composition across the regimes for each disposable sample.

Sample	Profile	Puff numbers
Sample	Profile	0–25	26–50	51–75	76–100	101–125	126–150	151–175	176–200	201–225	226–250	251–275
Lab 2-Disposable	55 / 3 / 30 / Sq	19	22	24	29	34	80% of all %RSD values <15%
	55 / 4 / 30 / Sq	6	6	5	7
	70 / 3 / 30 / Sq	6	9	9	15
	70 / 4 / 30 / Sq	6	6	7	7
Lab 3-Disposable	55 / 3 / 30 / Sq	6	8	9	9	11	13	9	9	19
	55 / 4 / 30 / Sq	12	13	11	12	12	13	15
	70 / 3 / 30 / Sq	8	11	14	17	18	20	15	18	18
	70 / 4 / 30 / Sq	7	11	12	13	17	18	19
Lab 4-Disposable	55 / 3 / 30 / Sq	10	8	6	8	6	8	5	5	9
	55 / 4 / 30 / Sq	6	6	8	5	8	7	4	5
	70 / 3 / 30 / Sq	3	5	4	4	4	4	6	5	22	8	20
	70 / 4 / 30 / Sq	13	13	12	11	7	12	14

Range in analyte percent composition across the regimes for each rechargeable sample.

Sample	Profile	Puff numbers
Sample	Profile	0–25	26–50	51–75	76–100	101–125	126–150	151–175	176–200	201–225
Lab 1-Rechargeable	55 / 3 / 30 / Sq	7	8	9	9	7	10	9	9
	55 / 4 / 30 / Sq	7	10	11	11	11	11
	70 / 3 / 30 / Sq	10	8	8	10	8	9	8	7
	70 / 4 / 30 / Sq	14	14	14	14	14	11
Lab 2-Rechargeable	55 / 3 / 30 / Sq	17	17	20	18	18	18	16	13
	55 / 4 / 30 / Sq	11	7	6	5	7	9
	70 / 3 / 30 / Sq	18	18	18	18	19	19	20	24	6
	70 / 4 / 30 / Sq	14	11	9	9	9	6
Lab 3-Rechargeable	55 / 3 / 30 / Sq	11	16	17	26	80% of all %RSD values <15%
	55 / 4 / 30 / Sq	10	8	7
	70 / 3 / 30 / Sq	11	12	13	17
	70 / 4 / 30 / Sq	11	7	8
Lab 4-Rechargeable	55 / 3 / 30 / Sq	6	5	7	6
	55 / 4 / 30 / Sq	7	6	5	4
	70 / 3 / 30 / Sq	7	6	7	5
	70 / 4 / 30 / Sq	7	7	5

E-cigarette weight loss vs. ACM yield. Ratio of e-cigarette weight loss to ACM collected – comparison across test regimes.

	Lab 1-Rechargeable	Lab 2-Disposable	Lab 2-Rechargeable	Lab 3-Disposable	Lab 3-Rechargeable	Lab 4-Disposable	Lab 4-Rechargeable
Test 1	1.0	1.0	1.0	1.1	1.0	1.0	0.9
Test 2	0.4	1.0	1.0	1.1	1.1	1.0	1.0
Test 3	1.0	1.0	1.0	1.1	1.1	1.0	0.9
Test 4	1.0	1.0	1.0	1.1	1.0	1.0	1.0

Product information. List of e-cigarette products tested.

Sample ID	Sample Description^a
Lab 1-Rechargeable	Rechargeable product tested by Laboratory 1
Lab 2-Rechargeable	Rechargeable product tested by Laboratory 2
Lab 2-Disposable	Disposable product tested by Laboratory 2
Lab 3-Rechargeable	Rechargeable product tested by Laboratory 3
Lab 3-Disposable	Disposable product tested by Laboratory 3
Lab 4-Rechargeable	Rechargeable product tested by Laboratory 4
Lab 4-Disposable	Disposable product tested by Laboratory 4

Comparison of overall ACM across regimes. Impact of regime choice on total ACM yield (mg).

Sample		Regime 1	Regime 2	Regime 3	Regime 4	Range^a
Lab 1-Rechargeable	Avg	647	677	621	629	9%
	SD	46	60	45	74
	%RSD	7%	9%	7%	12%
Lab 2-Rechargeable	Avg	253	289	226	279	24%
	SD	60	14	25	13
	%RSD	24%	5%	11%	5%
Lab 2-Disposable	Avg	537	590	542	611	13%
	SD	79	30	79	48
	%RSD	15%	5%	15%	8%
Lab 3-Rechargeable	Avg	377	416	370	369	12%
	SD	35	52	50	44
	%RSD	9%	13%	14%	12%
Lab 3-Disposable	Avg	234	267	268	270	14%
	SD	46	30	39	22
	%RSD	20%	11%	14%	8%
Lab 4-Rechargeable	Avg	258	303	265	284	16%
	SD	9	17	17	11
	%RSD	4%	6%	6%	4%
Lab 4-Disposable	Avg	891	924	870	942	8%
	SD	118	70	111	162
	%RSD	13%	8%	13%	17%

Regimes specifications. Puffing parameters for aerosol collection.

Regime	Code	Puff volume (mL)	Duration (s)	Shape	Frequency	Mean flow (mL/s)
Regime 1	55 / 3 / 30 / Sq	55	3	Square	Every 30 s	18.3
Regime 2	55 / 4 / 30 / Sq	55	4	Square	Every 30 s	13.8
Regime 3	70 / 3 / 30 / Sq	70	3	Square	Every 30 s	23.3
Regime 4	70 / 4 / 30 / Sq	70	4	Square	Every 30 s	17.5
ISO-like^a	35 / 2 / 60 / B	35	2	Bell	Every 60 s	17.5
CI-like^a	55 / 2 / 30 / B	55	2	Bell	Every 30 s	27.5

Impact of profile shape on yield. Varied puff profile shape with a short puff duration – aerosol nicotine yield (mg) ± SD.

Pad	Profile^a

	Bell-shaped	Triangle-shaped	Square-shaped
1^st 50 puffs	0.48 ± 0.12	0.58 ± 0.19	0.69 ± 0.14
2^nd 50 puffs	0.38 ± 0.11	0.33 ± 0.12	0.54 ± 0.14
3^rd 50 puffs	0.24 ± 0.10	0.28 ± 0.10	0.34 ± 0.11
4^th 50 puffs	0.29 ± 0.08	0.24 ± 0.09	0.38 ± 0.10
5^th 50 puffs	0.25 ± 0.07	0.22 ± 0.07	0.38 ± 0.07
6^th 50 puffs	0.20 ± 0.06	0.19 ± 0.07	0.30 ± 0.07
7^th 50 puffs	0.19 ± 0.06	0.19 ± 0.06	0.28 ± 0.06
8^th 50 puffs	0.17 ± 0.05	0.15 ± 0.05	0.23 ± 0.05
400 puffs total	2.19 ± 0.64	2.17 ± 0.74	3.14 ± 0.69

Impact of puff frequency on yield. Impact of puff collection period on yield collected during a day or across a week.

Puff blocks	35 mL, 1 day	55 mL, 1 day	65 mL, 1 day	35 mL, 1 week	55 mL, 1 week	65 mL, 1 week
1^st 90 puffs	116.9	133.5	140.9	115.8	130.4	137.9
2^nd 90 puffs	101.2	109.6	115.6	100.1	107.9	116.3
3^rd 90 puffs	88.9	94.2	97.4	84.7	89.4	97.8
4^th 90 puffs	71.7	80.0	80.8	72.8	76.0	83.5
Total	378.6	417.2	434.7	373.3	403.7	435.5

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Machine Vaping of Electronic Cigarettes - A Comparison of Puffing Regimes#

Pubblicato online: 17 lug 2021

Pagine: 127 - 136

Ricevuto: 16 nov 2020

Accettato: 24 mar 2021

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/cttr-2021-0009

© 2021 Amit Gupta et al., published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

Figure 1