[
1. Abraham G, Moorthy AV, Aggarwal V. Chronic Kidney Disease: a silent epidemic in Indian subcontinent-strategies for management. J Ind Med Assoc. 2006;104(12):689-91.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
2. Muntner P, Jiang He, Hamm L, Loria C, Whelton PK. Renal insufficiency and subsequent death from cardiovascular disease. J Am Soc Nephrolgy. 2002;13:745-53.10.1681/ASN.V13374511856780
]Search in Google Scholar
[
3. Kuhn A, van der Giet M, Kuhlmann MK, Mielke N, Ebert N, Schaeffner ES, et al. Kidney function as risk factor and predictor of cardiovascular outcomes and mortality among older adults. Am J Kidney Dis. 2021;77(3):386-96.10.1053/j.ajkd.2020.09.01533197533
]Search in Google Scholar
[
4. Fu EL, Franko MA, Obergfell A, Dekker FW, Gabrielsen A, Jernberg T, Carrero JJ. High-sensitivity C-reactive protein and the risk of chronic kidney disease progression or acute kidney injury in post-myocardial infarction patients. Am Heart J. 2019;216:20-9.10.1016/j.ahj.2019.06.01931382219
]Search in Google Scholar
[
5. Go AS, Chertow GM, Fan D, McCulloch CE, Hsu CY. Chronic kidney disease and the risks of death, cardiovascular events, and hospitalization. N Engl J Med. 2004;351(13):1296-305.10.1056/NEJMoa04103115385656
]Search in Google Scholar
[
6. National Kidney Foundation. K/DOQI clinical practice guidelines for chronic kidney disease: evaluation, classification, and stratification. Am J Kidney Dis. 2002;39(2 Suppl 1):S1-266.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
7. Inker LA, Astor BC, Fox CH, Isakova T, Lash JP, Peralta CA, et al. K/DOQI US commentary on the 2012 KDIGO clinical practice guideline for the evaluation and management of CKD. Am J Kidney Dis. 2014;63(5):713-35.10.1053/j.ajkd.2014.01.41624647050
]Search in Google Scholar
[
8. Roberts WL. CDC/AHA workshop on markers of inflammation and cardiovascular disease: Application to Clinical and Public Health Practice: laboratory tests available to assess inflammation – performance and standardization: a background paper. Circulation. 2004;110(25):572-6.10.1161/01.CIR.0000148986.52696.0715611384
]Search in Google Scholar
[
9. Fraser SD, Roderick PJ, Aitken G, Roth M, Mindell JS, Moon G, et al. Chronic kidney disease, albuminuria and socioeconomic status in the Health Surveys for England 2009 and 2010. J Public Health (Oxf.) 2014;36(4):577-86.10.1093/pubmed/fdt117
]Search in Google Scholar
[
10. Tonelli M, Wiebe N, Guthrie B, James MT, Quan H, Fortin M, et al. Comorbidity as a driver of adverse outcomes in people with chronic kidney disease. Kidney Int. 2015;88(4):859-66.10.1038/ki.2015.22826221754
]Search in Google Scholar
[
11. Jankowski J, Floege J, Fliser D, Bohm M, Marx N. Cardiovascular disease in chronic Kidney Disease. Circulation. 2021;143(11):1157-72.10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.120.050686796916933720773
]Search in Google Scholar
[
12. Balagopal PB, De Ferranti SD, Cook S, Daniels SR, Gidding SS, Hayman LL, et al. Nontraditional risk factors and biomarkers for cardiovascular disease: mechanistic, research, and clinical considerations for youth: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association. Circulation. 2011;123:2749-69.10.1161/CIR.0b013e31821c7c6421555711
]Search in Google Scholar
[
13. Atkinson AJ, Colburn WA, DeGruttola VG, DeMets DL, Downing GJ, Hoth DF, et al. Biomarkers and surrogate endpoints: Preferred definitions and conceptual framework. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2001; 69:89-95.10.1067/mcp.2001.11398911240971
]Search in Google Scholar
[
14. Manolio T. Novel risk markers and clinical practice. N Engl J Med. 2003;349:1587-9.10.1056/NEJMp038136
]Search in Google Scholar
[
15. Bash LD, Erlinger TP, Coresh J, Marsh-Manzi J, Folsom AR, Astor BC. Inflammation, hemostasis, and the risk of kidney function decline in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study. Am J Kidney Dis. 2009;53:596-605.10.1053/j.ajkd.2008.10.044
]Search in Google Scholar
[
16. Erlinger TP, Tarver-Carr ME, Powe NR, Appel LJ, Coresh J, Eberhardt MS. Leukocytosis, hypoalbuminemia, and the risk for chronic kidney disease in US adults. Am J Kidney Dis. 2003; 42:256-63.10.1016/S0272-6386(03)00650-4
]Search in Google Scholar
[
17. Fried L, Solomon C, Shlipak M, Seliger S, Stehman-Breen C, Bleyer AJ, et al. Inflammatory and prothrombotic markers and the progression of renal disease in elderly individuals. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2004;15:3184-91.10.1097/01.ASN.0000146422.45434.35
]Search in Google Scholar
[
18. Langston RD, Presley R, Flanders WD, McClellan WM. Renal insufficiency and anaemia are independent risk factors for death among patients with acute myocardial infarction. Kidney Int. 2003;64:1398-405.10.1046/j.1523-1755.2003.00200.x
]Search in Google Scholar
[
19. Keeley EC, Kadakia R, Soman S, Borzak S, McCullough PA. Analysis of long-term survival after revascularization in patients with chronic kidney disease presenting with acute coronary syndromes. Am J Cardiol. 2003;92:509-14.10.1016/S0002-9149(03)00716-1
]Search in Google Scholar
[
20. Matthew J. Tunbridge, Alan G. Jardine. Atherosclerotic Vascular Disease associated with chronic kidney disease. Cardiology Clinics. 2021;39(3):403-14.10.1016/j.ccl.2021.04.01134247753
]Search in Google Scholar
[
21. Hak AE, Stehouwer CD, Bots ML, Polderman KH, Schalkwijk CG, Westenorp IC, et al. Associations of C-reactive protein with measures of obesity, insulin resistance, and subclinical atherosclerosis in healthy, middle-aged women. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 1999; 19:1986-91.10.1161/01.ATV.19.8.1986
]Search in Google Scholar
[
22. Elkind MS, Tai W, Coates K, Paik MC, Sacco RL. High-sensitivity C-reactive protein, lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2, and outcome after ischemic stroke. Arch Intern Med. 2006;166: 2073-80.10.1001/archinte.166.19.207317060536
]Search in Google Scholar
[
23. Arici M, Walls J. End stage renal disease, atherosclerosis, and cardiovascular mortality: Is C-reactive protein the missing link? Kidney Int. 2001;59:407-17.10.1046/j.1523-1755.2001.059002407.x
]Search in Google Scholar
[
24. Menon V, Greene T, Wang X, Pereira AA, Marcovina SC, Beck GJ, et al. C-reactive protein and albumin as predictors of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in chronic kidney disease. Kidney Int. 2005; 68:766-72.10.1111/j.1523-1755.2005.00455.x16014054
]Search in Google Scholar
[
25. Mullens W, Abrahams Z, Francis GS, Sokos G, Taylor DO, Starling RC, et al. Importance of venous congestion for worsening of renal function in advanced decompensated heart failure. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2009;53:589-96.10.1016/j.jacc.2008.05.068
]Search in Google Scholar
[
26. Dries DL, Exner DV, Domanski MJ, Greenberg B, Stevenson LW. The prognostic implications of renal insufficiency in asymptomatic and symptomatic patients with left ventricular systolic dysfunction. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2000;35:681-9.10.1016/S0735-1097(99)00608-7
]Search in Google Scholar
[
27. Iseki K, Yamazato M, Tozawa M, Takishita S. Hypocholesterolemiais a significant predictor of death in a cohort of chronic hemodialysis patients. Kidney Int. 2002;61:1887-93.10.1046/j.1523-1755.2002.00324.x
]Search in Google Scholar
[
28. Kaysen GA. New insights into lipid metabolism in chronic kidney disease. J Ren Nutr. 2011;21:120-3.10.1053/j.jrn.2010.10.017
]Search in Google Scholar
[
29. Goldstein JL, Kita T, Brown MS. Defective lipoprotein receptors and atherosclerosis. N Engl J Med. 1983;309:288-96.10.1056/NEJM198308043090507
]Search in Google Scholar
[
30. Gordon T, Castelli WP, Hjortland MC, Kannel WB, Dawber TR. High density lipoprotein as a protective factor against coronary heart disease. Am J Med. 1977;62:707-14.10.1016/0002-9343(77)90874-9
]Search in Google Scholar
[
31. Rifkind BM, Segal P. Lipid Research Clinics Program reference values for hyperlipidemia and hypolipidemia. JAMA. 1983;250:1869-72.10.1001/jama.1983.03340140039025
]Search in Google Scholar
[
32. Attman PO, Alaupovic P. Lipid and apolipoprotein profiles of uremic dyslipoproteinemia: Relation to renal function and dialysis. Nephron. 1991;57:401-10.10.1159/000186303
]Search in Google Scholar
[
33. Shlipak MG, Simon JA, Grady D, Lin F, Wenger NK, Furberg CD. Renal insufficiency and cardiovascular events in postmenopausal women with coronary heart disease. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2001;38: 705-11.10.1016/S0735-1097(01)01450-4
]Search in Google Scholar
[
34. Modi ZJ, Lu Y, Ji N, et al. Risk of Cardiovascular Disease and Mortality in Young Adults With End-stage Renal Disease: An Analysis of the US Renal Data System. JAMA Cardiol. 2019;4(4): 353-62.10.1001/jamacardio.2019.0375648495130892557
]Search in Google Scholar
[
35. Zoccali C, Mallamaci F, Tripepi G, Kapke A, Selewski DT, Dietrich X, et al. Fibrinogen, mortality and incident cardiovascular complications in endstagerenal failure. J Intern Med. 2003;254(2): 132-9.10.1046/j.1365-2796.2003.01180.x12859694
]Search in Google Scholar
[
36. Undas A, Nycz K, Pastuszczak M, Stompor T, Zmudka K. The effect of chronic kidney disease on fibrin clot properties in patients with acute coronary syndrome. Blood Coagul Fibrinolysis. 2010;21(6):522-7.10.1097/MBC.0b013e32833a903520479639
]Search in Google Scholar
[
37. Collet JP, Allali Y, Lesty C, Tanguy ML, Silvain J, Ankri A, et al. Altered fibrin architecture is associated with hypofibrinolysis and premature coronary atherothrombosis. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2006;26(11):2567-73.10.1161/01.ATV.0000241589.52950.4c16917107
]Search in Google Scholar
[
38. Kearney K, Tomlinson D, Smith K, Ajjan R. Hypofibrinolysis in diabetes: a therapeutic target for the reduction of cardiovascular risk. Cardiovasc Diabetol. 2017;16:34.10.1186/s12933-017-0515-9534523728279217
]Search in Google Scholar
[
39. Parastatidis I, Thomson L, Burke A, Chenysh J, Nagaswami C, Visser J, et al. Fibrinogen beta-chain tyrosine nitration is a prothrombotic risk factor. J Biol Chem. 2008;283(49):33846-53.10.1074/jbc.M805522200259068518818200
]Search in Google Scholar
[
40. Lee SJ, Hong JM, Lee, SE, Kang DR, Ovbiagele B, Dermchuk AM, et al. Association of fibrinogen level with early neurological deterioration among acute ischemic stroke patients with diabetes. BMC Neurol. 2017;17:101.10.1186/s12883-017-0865-7543852928525972
]Search in Google Scholar