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In Vitro Analysis of AKR1D1 Interactions with Clopidogrel: Effects on Enzyme Activity and Gene Expression

K Shutevska

K Shutevska

University Ss Cyril and Methodius in Skopje, Faculty of Pharmacy, Institute of applied biochemistrySkopje, Republic of North Macedonia
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Shutevska, K
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Panovska T Kadifkova

Panovska T Kadifkova

University Ss Cyril and Methodius in Skopje, Faculty of Pharmacy, Institute of applied biochemistrySkopje, Republic of North Macedonia
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Kadifkova, Panovska T
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Z Zhivikj

Z Zhivikj

University Ss Cyril and Methodius in Skopje, Faculty of Pharmacy, Institute of applied biochemistrySkopje, Republic of North Macedonia
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Zhivikj, Z
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Nestorovska A Kapedanovska

Nestorovska A Kapedanovska

University Ss Cyril and Methodius in Skopje, Faculty of Pharmacy, Institute of pharmaceutical chemistrySkopje, Republic of North Macedonia
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Kapedanovska, Nestorovska A
  
06 mar 2025
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Categoria dell'articolo: ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Pubblicato online: 06 mar 2025
Pagine: 69 - 75
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/bjmg-2024-0012
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© 2024 Shutevska K et al., published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

Figure 1.

Evaluation of AKR1D1 substrate specificity using NADPH fluorescence assays for (a) clopidogrel (50 μM) and (b)2-oxoclopidogrel (50 μM). Changes in NADPH fluorescence over time were measured in the presence (blue) and absence (orange) of the substrate candidates. No significant differences were observed (p > 0.05).
Evaluation of AKR1D1 substrate specificity using NADPH fluorescence assays for (a) clopidogrel (50 μM) and (b)2-oxoclopidogrel (50 μM). Changes in NADPH fluorescence over time were measured in the presence (blue) and absence (orange) of the substrate candidates. No significant differences were observed (p > 0.05).

Figure 2.

Evaluation of the inhibitory activity of (a) clopidogrel (50 μM) and (b) 2-oxoclopidogrel (50 μM) on AKR1D1. NADPH fluorescence was measured in the presence of the candidate inhibitor and testosterone (blue) and compared to the response to testosterone alone (orange). No significant differences were observed (p > 0.05).
Evaluation of the inhibitory activity of (a) clopidogrel (50 μM) and (b) 2-oxoclopidogrel (50 μM) on AKR1D1. NADPH fluorescence was measured in the presence of the candidate inhibitor and testosterone (blue) and compared to the response to testosterone alone (orange). No significant differences were observed (p > 0.05).

Figure 3.

AKR1D1 mRNA expression levels (mean ± SD) in HepG2 cells following treatment with clopidogrel and 2-oxoclopidogrel (5 μM each). No significant changes were observed compared to the control group (p > 0.05).
AKR1D1 mRNA expression levels (mean ± SD) in HepG2 cells following treatment with clopidogrel and 2-oxoclopidogrel (5 μM each). No significant changes were observed compared to the control group (p > 0.05).
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Inglese
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Medicina, Scienze medicali di base, Scienze medicali di base, altro
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