Multilayer regression analysis and psychological intervention effect assessment study of college students’ tennis intervention for depressed mood

Multi-layer regression analysis affecting depression

Independent variable		β	SE	Wald	P	OR(95%CI)
Individual level variable	Natural log personal net income	0.44	0.42	1.17	0.44	1.26(0.39-4.39)
	Education level (0~ 6)	0.37	0.62	0.75	0.35	1.38(0.73-4.16)
	Health (health = 1)	0.38	0.68	0.55	0.59	1.19(0.75-5.35)
	Gender (women = 1)	0.29	0.78	0.23	0.72	1.77(0.75-4.69)
	Age	0.3	0.67	0.9	0.18	3.15(1.18-8.55)
Family level variable	Social class (1~ 4)	0.03	0.61	0.56	0.78	1.79(0.54-3.21)
	Natural log family net income	0.24	0.47	0.71	0.38	3.56(1.19-8.24)
	Family size	0.65	0.52	1.21	0.51	1.12(0.55-3.95)
Community level variables	Urbanization index	1.03	0.66	0.93	0.12	3.16(1.15-7.17)
	Community education category	0.77	0.61	1.14	0.15	1.48(0.54-3.97)
	Population density	0.5	0.51	1.71	0.19	3.13(1.19-8.17)
	Transportation convenience	0.45	0.32	0.33	0.51	1.56(0.54-7.91)
Exercise interest	No (too) interested	0.19	0.68	0.1	0.78	1.24(0.35-4.33)
	It’s not clear	0.36	0.61	0.83	0.28	1.38(0.43-4.75)
	Comparative interest	0.48	0.49	0.9	0.36	1.67(0.64-4.95)
	Interest	0
Intensity of exercise	Micromotion	0.54	0.45	1.23	0.27	0.62(0.25-1.46)
	Small strength motion	0.37	0.45	0.84	0.34	0.67(0.35-1.54)
	Medium intensity motion	0.34	0.57	0.38	0.53	0.72(0.21-2.15)
	Large and large intensity movement	0
Exercise frequency	Below 1 times per month	0.07	0.5	0.02	0.88	0.92(0.34-2.56)
	2 to 3 times per month	0.4	0.43	0.78	0.35	0.65(0.26-1.62)
	1 to 2 times a week	0.6	0.5	1.47	0.23	0.55(0.24-1.42)
	3 to 5 times a week	0
Exercise time	Below 20min	1.15	0.55	2.86	0.03*	3.15(1.14-6.63)
	21~ 30min	0.72	0.49	1.87	0.19	1.98(0.74-5.35)
	31~ 59min	0.61	0.47	1.71	0.23	1.82(0.74-4.66)
	Above 60min	0
Exercise evaluation	Very dissatisfied	1.45	0.51	7.59	0.01*	4.12(1.54-11.13)
	Discontent	1.15	0.49	5.35	0.03*	3.12(1.18-8.16)
	A little satisfied	0.38	0.51	0.56	0.43	1.48(0.54-3.95)
	Satisfied	0.28	0.43	0.27	0.58	0.75(0.32-1.96)
	Very satisfied	0

Variable descriptive statistics

	Variable	N	Mean	Standard deviation	Min	Max	Median
Explained variable	Poverty (national bureau of statistics standards)	80000	0.109	0.306	0	1	0
	Poverty (bank 1.25m ppp)	80000	0.18	0.384	0	1	0
	Poverty (world bank 2on ppp)	80000	0.285	0.454	0	1	0
Individual level variable	Natural log personal net income	80000	8.247	1.631	0	14.698	8.305
	Education level (0~ 6)	80000	1.826	1.422	0	6	2
	Health (health = 1)	80000	0.046	0.22	0	1	0
	Gender (women = 1)	80000	0.485	0.499	0	1	0
	Age	80000	44.427	15.069	18	100	45
Family level variable	Social class (1~ 4)	80000	2.972	1.177	1	4	3
	Natural log family net income	80000	9.454	1.305	0	14.746	9.436
	Family size	80000	3.974	1.591	1	14	5
Community level variables	Urbanization index	80000	58.829	21.068	14.264	106.505	57.445
	Community education category	80000	6.616	1.679	0.483	9.521	7.124
	Population density	80000	5.968	1.481	0	10	6
	Transportation convenience	80000	5.329	2.529	0	10	5
Neighborhood effect variable	Poverty rate (national bureau of statistics standards)	80000	0.059	0.068	0	0.468	0.031
	Poverty rate (bank 1.25m ppp)	80000	0.086	0.101	0	0.575	0.050
	Poverty rate (bank 2am ppp)	80000	0.142	0.143	0	0.629	0.097
	The average education degree in the community	80000	1.826	0.872	0.120	5.061	1.585
	The average income of the natural log community	80000	8.642	1.211	0	11.651	8.605

The analysis of the effect of tennis and depression

Tennis score	SDS standard
	R value	P value
Exercise effect	-0.34	0.00
Health effect	-0.22	0.02
Ability effect	-0.17	0.01
Physical effect	-0.07	0.31
Social effect	-0.26	0.00
Total score	-0.31	0.00

Score comparison

Factor	Students who have not played tennis(N=70)	Youth norm(N=700)	College student(N=20000)
Somatization	1.36±0.52	1.32±0.56	1.43±0.54
Obsessive-compulsive disorder	1.87±0.62	1.68±0.62(P<0.01)	1.91±0.64
Interpersonal sensitivity	1.75±0.54	1.76±0.63	1.85±0.66
Depression	1.68±0.54	1.59±0.56(P<0.01)	1.77±0.59(P<0.05)
Anxiety	1.56±0.52	1.43±0.42(P<0.01)	1.53±0.59
Antagonism	1.58±0.72	1.53±0.59(P<0.05)	1.68±0.43(P<0.05)
Horror	1.37±0.32	1.32±0.49(P<0.05)	1.43±0.53
Paranoia	1.66±0.59	1.52±0.78(P<0.01)	1.76±0.69(P<0.01)
Insanity	1.54±0.46	1.37±0.55(P<0.01)	1.59±0.59

Students’ physical exercise effects were compared

Dimension score	Overall (n= 200)	Male (n= 80)	Female (n= 120)	T value	P value
Exercise fun	3.61±0.75	3.78±0.63	3.54±0.73	2.64	0.02
Health effect	4.15±0.64	4.15±0.71	4.22±0.55	0.95	0.35
Ability effect	3.96±0.74	4.04±0.75	3.84±0.73	1.83	0.06
Physical effect	3.62±0.77	3.64±0.83	3.62±0.75	0.18	0.83
Social effect	3.82±0.75	3.96±0.83	3.67±0.73	2.72	0.02

The score of the game before and after the tennis exercise

Factor	Before exercise	After exercise	T	P
Somatization	1.43±0.44	1.36±0.52	-10.95	>0.05
Obsessive-compulsive disorder	1.64±0.52	1.62±0.65	1.52	>0.05
Interpersonal sensitivity	1.51±0.52	1.43±0.51	-7.65	>0.05
Depression	1.55±0.52	1.49±0.68	-1.28	>0.05
Anxiety	1.48±0.55	1.39±0.58	-3.2	<0.01**
Antagonism	1.42±0.46	1.41±0.65	-4.49	>0.05
Horror	1.28±0.37	1.28±0.42	3.44	>0.05
Paranoia	1.43±0.46	1.43±0.56	0.65	>0.05
Insanity	1.38±0.38	1.28±0.39	3.15	>0.05

Compare tennis data

Factor	Students who have not played tennis(N=70)	Youth norm(N=700)	College student(N=20000)
Somatization	1.36±0.32	1.33±0.56	1.45±0.52
Obsessive-compulsive disorder	1.67±0.42	1.69±0.62	1.91±0.64(P<0.01)
Interpersonal sensitivity	1.75±0.52	1.76±0.65	1.85±0.65(P<0.05)
Depression	1.58±0.64	1.57±0.63	1.76±0.62(P<0.01)
Anxiety	1.45±0.42	1.42±0.45	1.54±0.58(P<0.01)
Antagonism	1.49±0.46	1.51±0.58	1.68±0.63(P<0.01)
Horror	1.36±0.33	1.33±0.48	1.42±0.52
Paranoia	1.58±0.43	1.52±0.62(P<0.05)	1.77±0.65(P<0.01)
Insanity	1.41±0.46	1.37±0.45	1.58±0.55(P<0.01)