Login
Registrati
Reimposta password
Pubblica & Distribuisci
Soluzioni Editoriali
Soluzioni di Distribuzione
Temi
Architettura e design
Arti
Business e Economia
Chimica
Chimica industriale
Farmacia
Filosofia
Fisica
Geoscienze
Ingegneria
Interesse generale
Legge
Letteratura
Linguistica e semiotica
Matematica
Medicina
Musica
Scienze bibliotecarie e dell'informazione, studi library
Scienze dei materiali
Scienze della vita
Scienze informatiche
Scienze sociali
Sport e tempo libero
Storia
Studi classici e del Vicino Oriente antico
Studi culturali
Studi ebraici
Teologia e religione
Pubblicazioni
Riviste
Libri
Atti
Editori
Blog
Contatti
Cerca
EUR
USD
GBP
Italiano
English
Deutsch
Polski
Español
Français
Italiano
Carrello
Home
Riviste
Archivum Immunologiae et Therapiae Experimentalis
Volume 72 (2024): Numero 1 (January 2024)
Accesso libero
Acute Pulmonary Embolism and Immunity in Animal Models
Anna M. Imiela
Anna M. Imiela
,
Tomasz P. Mikołajczyk
Tomasz P. Mikołajczyk
,
Tomasz J. Guzik
Tomasz J. Guzik
e
Piotr Pruszczyk
Piotr Pruszczyk
| 24 gen 2024
Archivum Immunologiae et Therapiae Experimentalis
Volume 72 (2024): Numero 1 (January 2024)
INFORMAZIONI SU QUESTO ARTICOLO
Articolo precedente
Articolo Successivo
Sommario
Articolo
Immagini e tabelle
Bibliografia
Autori
Articoli in questo Numero
Anteprima
PDF
Cita
CONDIVIDI
Article Category:
Review
Pubblicato online:
24 gen 2024
Pagine:
-
Ricevuto:
24 ago 2023
Accettato:
05 dic 2023
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.2478/aite-2024-0003
Parole chiave
inflammation
,
pulmonary embolism
,
cytokine
,
chemokine
,
platelet aggregation
,
endothelium
© 2023 Anna M. Imiela et al., published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Fig 1.
A mosaic theory of acute pulmonary embolism – an interplay between inflammation and other essential factors in the pathophysiology of pulmonary embolism.
Fig 2.
Chemokine accumulation and pro-inflammatory cell influx in the lung parenchyma as well as in the pulmonary artery wall during acute pulmonary embolism episode. Recruitment of inflammatory cells into lung parenchyma, bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) and pulmonary artery (PA) wall. Shortly after acute pulmonary episode starts, a rapid and robust influx of macrophages occurs. In lung parenchyma the inflammatory cell response is caused mainly by macrophages, while in PA wall the inflammatory response is related to neutrophil with simultaneous rise in macrophages. Higher accumulation of proteins, eosinophils and macrophages is present in BAL, Increased chemokines and cytokines expression is observed under hypoxic conditions in lung parenchyma and PA wall. This figure has been created with BioRender.com. Abbreviations: CINC-1, Cytokine-induced neutrophil chemoattractant; CXCL, Chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand; FI, Fibrynolysis inhibitor; IL, Interleukin; MCP, Monocyte-chemoattractant protein; MIP, Macrophage inflammatory protein; ROS, Reactive oxygen species; TNF, Tumor necrosis factor; TPA, Tissue plasminogen activator.
Fig 3.
Cardiac inflammatory processes in right ventricle during acute pulmonary embolism episode. Schematic overview of the contribution of pro-inflammatory cells in the pathogenesis of right ventricular (RV) failure during acute pulmonary embolism (APE) episode. During APE, neutrophils, and macrophage infiltrate myocardium. Mononuclear cells with M1 phenotype occur during early phase of APE episode and convert into M2 phenotype in the later phase. RV inflammation is characterized by exaggerated chemokines accumulation, cytokine storm and oxidative stress. Chronic inflammation and hypoxia results in myocardial damage, necrosis and fibrosis. Treatment with selective antibodies such as anti-CINC and anti-PMN resulted in RV failure amelioration. This figure has been created with BioRender.com. Abbreviations: CCL, C-C motif chemokine ligand; CCR, CC Chemokine receptor; CINC, cytokine-induced neutrophil chemoattractant; CXCL, C-X-C motif chemokine ligand; M, macrophage; MCP, monocyte chemoattractant protein; MIP, macrophage inflammatory protein; MPO, Myeloperoxidase; PMN, polymorphonuclear cell antibody; RV, right ventricle.
Anteprima