Zhang9 | 2013 | 36 | 35 | Empowerment education | General health education | 6 weeks, once a week, 90 minutes each time; follow- up 6 months, 2 times a month, 10–15 minutes each time | 3 months, 6 months | Self-efficacy, depression, Hb, Alb, Scr |
Zhao10 | 2015 | 63 | 63 | Empowerment education | Health education | 2 months, once every 2 weeks, 90 minutes each time; follow-up 4 months, once every 2 weeks, 10–15 minutes each time | 6 months | Self-efficacy |
Du et al.11 | 2017 | 64 | 67 | Empowerment education diet management | Traditional diet health education | 6 months, once a month; follow- up one time after 1–2 weeks | 3 months, 6 months | Alb |
Gan et al.12 | 2015 | 40 | 40 | Empowerment education + general health education | General health education | ① 6 months; follow-up two times a month, 10–15 minutes each time; ② 6 weeks, once a week, 90 minutes each time | 3 months, 6 months | Self-efficacy, depression |
Qiao13 | 2014 | 47 | 40 | Empowerment education | General health education | 12 weeks, once every 2 weeks, 120 minutes each time | 3 months | Self-efficacy |
Ran14 | 2016 | 40 | 40 | Empowerment education | General health education | 6 weeks, two times a week, 45 minutes each time | 3 months, 6 months | Self-efficacy, depression, Scr, Hb, Alb |
Bian et al.15 | 2017 | 31 | 31 | Empowerment education | General diet health education | 3 months, once a week, one time a week, 60 minutes each time; follow-up 6 months, one time a month, 10–15 minutes each time | 1 month, 3 months, 6 months | Alb, Hb, Scr, BUN |
Moattari et al.16 | 2012 | 25 | 23 | Empowerment education | General treatment | 6 weeks, four individual and two group counseling sessions, two sessions for 1.5–2 hours | 6 weeks | Self-efficacy, Hb, BUN |
Royani et al.17 | 2013 | 40 | 40 | Empowerment education | General health education | 1 month, twice a week | 1 month | Empowerment, Self-efficacy |
Tsay et al.18 | 2004 | 25 | 25 | Empowerment education | Traditional education | 4 weeks | 6 weeks following the intervention | Empowerment, depression |