Volume 26 (2015): Issue 2 (June 2015)

In most cases, traffic pollution deposition is linear with regularities in its distribution in transect routes (canyon-type effect). The aim of this study is to identify different characteristics of heavy metal deposition on large roundabouts, which are open spaces atypical in terms of the characteristics of the air mass flow along road lanes. The study was conducted on four large roundabouts in Zielona Góra. The content of the selected elements in the tested soils was: Cd 0.54–1.22 mg·kg⁻¹ d.m., Cu 3.60–29.3 mg·kg⁻¹ d.m., Cr 2.17–4.63 mg·kg⁻¹ d.m., Zn 26.6–89.9 mg·kg⁻¹ d.m., Pb 10.9–75.4 mg·kg⁻¹ d.m. The geo-accumulation index was also calculated. The threshold values for communication areas were not exceeded, and the content of the elements was generally comparable between the roundabouts. However, we found some differences within particular roundabouts.

The aim of this study is to determine the effect of the two glyphosate salts: isopropylamine and potassium (contained in preparations Roundup) on the activity of phosphodiesterase and phosphotriesterase in the soil. The experiment was carried out in the laboratory conditions on two soil types: loamy sand (C_org 8.70 g·kg⁻¹, pH_KCl 6.39) and sandy loam (C_org 10.90 g·kg⁻¹, pH_KCl 6.81). Two glyphosate salts (isopropylamine and potassium) in dosage of 0, 1 and 100 mg·kg⁻¹ were applicate into soils. Phosphodiesterase and phospotriesterase activities in soils were determined spectrophotometrically on days 1, 7, 14, 28, 56 and 112. The obtained results were converted with respect to the enzyme activities in the control soil (assuming it to be 100%) and given as percent of inhibition. The results were shown as environmental danger zones graphs. Obtained results showed that glyphosate salts application has primarily resulted in inhibition of phosphodiesterase activity, and stimulation of phosphotriesterase activity in soils. Soil type and kind of glyphosate salt affect the interaction of herbicide with phosphodiesterase and phosphotriesterase activities. The observed changes in the phosphodiesterase and phosphotriesterase activities caused by the addition of both glyphosate salts were located on environmental danger zones graphs in the range of negligible or acceptable values, which may indicate a low impact of herbicide on measured enzymes.

The aim of this study is to determine the response of biomass yield and the content of K, Na, Ca and Mg in the eastern galega and soil under the influence of nitrogen in the form of (¹⁵NH₄)₂SO₄. Three-year field experiment (2005–2007) was carried out on experimental plots belonging to the University of Natural Sciences - Humanities in Siedlce (52°17’N, 22°28’E). Nitrogen ¹⁵N was applied as ammonium sulphate at a dose of early spring 1.66 g N.m⁻². In each year of the study were collected three cuts of eastern galega budding phase. Shown yield of dry weight of the test plant. The content of K, Na, Ca and Mg in the eastern galega and soil were determined by ICP-AES emission spectrometer with inductively coupled plasma. Subsequently, the uptake and marked weight ratios of macronutrients.

Under the influence of nitrogen in the form of ammonium sulphate, dry matter yield of eastern galega (average of 3 years of research and 3 swaths) increased by 29.7%. Fertilisation with nitrogen contributed to the reduction of K content, increasing the content of Na, Ca, Mg, in a test plant and to increase the pick, all the elements analysed with the yield of biomass. Nitrogen fertilisation resulted in a reduction in the quantitative ratios K: (Ca + Mg), (K + Na) : (Ca + Mg), K: Ca, K : Mg and the total content of the analysed elements in the soil (average of the years).

The aim of this study is to determine the effect of both NaCl and KCl alone and in comparison to AsA on the morphological and some biochemical parameters of Oxheart and Vilma cultivars of tomato under laboratory and field conditions. A combination of salt applied in the laboratory experiment caused a significant effect on seed germination and root and shoot length and a significant reduction of Chl a, Chl b and Car contents in 14-day-old tomato seedlings. However, seedlings of cultivar Vilma were characterised by higher tolerance to applied salt stress.

NaCl caused a significant decrease in Chl a, Chl b and Car, and an increase in Pro and MDA content in the leaves of Vilma cultivar under field conditions. Besides, tomato plants cv. Vilma treated with NaCl alone or NaCl with ascorbic acid developed longer roots, from 48 to 73%, compared to the control.