<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">

<sec id="j_ijcm-2021-0001_s_008">
<h3>Background</h3>
<p>Expatriation has grown rapidly, and the TEFL (teaching English as a foreign language) industry relies on it heavily. As is the case with any expatriation adjustment, TEFL teachers’ overall experience of living and working in China can be influenced by external factors. For the purpose of the study described in this article, both social influences and the work environment are highlighted as influences on the overall experience of teaching TEFL in China.</p>
</sec>
<sec id="j_ijcm-2021-0001_s_009">
<h3>Research aims</h3>
<p>The research aim of the study was to investigate the efect of social influences and work environment on the overall experience of TEFL teachers who teach in China.</p>
</sec>
<sec id="j_ijcm-2021-0001_s_010">
<h3>Methodology</h3>
<p>The study made use of a positivistic research paradigm and a descriptive research design. The sampling procedure utilised in the study was non-probability sampling, and the technique used was convenience sampling. The target population comprised TEFL teachers who were teaching in China, with the final sample consisting of 379 respondents. To collect data, the method used was an online survey, and the specific measuring instrument was a web-based, self-administered questionnaire, distributed via a link on Facebook, WeChat, LinkedIn, and Reddit groups that are specifically for TEFL teachers in China. Once the data were collected, both descriptive and inferential statistics were utilised to analyse and interpret the data.</p>
</sec>
<sec id="j_ijcm-2021-0001_s_011">
<h3>Findings</h3>
<p>From the empirical data collected in the study, it was found that, in general, both social influences and the work environment of TEFL teachers in China positively affected their overall experience, while the potential influence of a language barrier proved to have no negative effect on their overall experience.</p>
</sec>
</abstract>

How social influences and work environment affect the overall experience of tefl teachers in China

<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">

<sec id="j_ijcm-2021-0002_s_003">
<h3>Background</h3>
<p>The COVID-19 pandemic, which has affected the entire world, has driven countries into economic, social, and political uncertainty and has forced quite significant changes, especially in areas such as health, work, education, and social security. Social changes that are occurring as a result of the crisis include the restructuring of businesses and working styles and the shaping of work life along the new-normal axis. Many psychosocial risks such as conflict management, organisational relationships, communications problems, job satisfaction, stress, productivity, and performance are being redefined as the nature of jobs, job descriptions, employee competence, and ways of working are being recreated for a virtual environment. The importance of concepts related to work psychology such as loneliness, cyberloafing, digital mobbing, emotional resilience, psychological resilience, compassion, self-compassion, conscious awareness, design of habits, coping with loneliness, and coping with crisis is becoming apparent.</p>
</sec>
<sec id="j_ijcm-2021-0002_s_004">
<h3>Research aims</h3>
<p>The aim of this study is to examine cyberloafing and loneliness with its changing structure in terms of work psychology. In addition, the researchers and their results on cyberloafing and loneliness are discussed in terms of both sociodemographic factors and some variables of work life.</p>
</sec>
<sec id="j_ijcm-2021-0002_s_005">
<h3>Methodology</h3>
<p>The research method of critical analysis of literature on the subject of cyberloafing and loneliness was applied in this study. Common findings of secondary research were used in terms of work psychology.</p>
</sec>
<sec id="j_ijcm-2021-0002_s_006">
<h3>Findings</h3>
<p>The concepts of loneliness and cyberloafing, which have been evaluated in relation to different sociodemographic and work-life factors and whose mutual relations have been the subject of a very limited number of studies, are examined more intensively in the context of personal and organisational factors applicable to the technology-intensive future.</p>
</sec>
</abstract>

Loneliness and Cyberloafing in the Time of COVID-19: A Psychological Perspective

<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">

<sec id="j_ijcm-2021-0003_s_008">
<h3>Background</h3>
<p>In the literature one can find studies on the legitimacy of the political system or institutions (organs) of power. There are no studies on legitimacy from the point of view of social economy entities. Social perception is a factor that influences the success of social economy entities.</p>
</sec>
<sec id="j_ijcm-2021-0003_s_009">
<h3>Research aims</h3>
<p>The author set out to adapt the conceptual (semantic) apparatus to the analysis of legitimacy in relation to institutions operating in the social economy sector.</p></sec>
<sec id="j_ijcm-2021-0003_s_010">
<h3>Methodology</h3>
<p>The article has a theoretical character and presents the importance of the concept of legitimacy in the environment of social entrepreneurship (conceptual paper). The thesis the author will try to prove is that legitimisation of social economy entities is an essential element of the functioning of the social sector. The analysis was made on the basis of Polish conditions.</p></sec>
<sec id="j_ijcm-2021-0003_s_011">
<h3>Findings</h3>
<p>The analysis of planes and factors shaping the legitimacy of social economy entities seems interesting. Summarising the results of the research, it can be seen that the category of legitimacy, combined with the acceptance and legal validation of the activities of individual entities, as well as the entire social economy system, can be useful.</p></sec>
</abstract>

Legitimisation of Social Economy Entities: Theoretical Framework for Analysis in Polish Conditions

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Volume 57 (2021): Issue 1 (March 2021)

International Journal of Contemporary Management

 The International Journal of Contemporary Management (IJCM) aims to contribute to the development of research, new insights and the challenges to current thinking around the field of contemporary management. IJCM publishes empirical research, conceptual and thought pieces from both researchers and practitioners that focus on the subject of contemporary management across national boundaries and diverse cultures. The aim of IJCM is to provide up-to-date information on new developments and trends within contemporary management, and to enable a community of researchers and practitioners to exchange their diversity and inclusion ideas, develop and contribute to current research agendas and to progress the development of both the theoretically and practical notions of contemporary management within various emerging, and non-maintained contexts. This is an open, multidisciplinary forum welcoming articles that cross discipline boundaries and/or address contemporary management.　  IJCM invites conceptual papers alongside empirical research irrespective of whether a qualitative or quantitative approach is used. However, it is key to the ethos of the journal that all manuscripts include some organizational aspect to "management". 　  Subject areas include, but are not limited to:　   management: managers, leadership, and managing　  values, attitudes, emotions, the culture of the contemporary manager　  the environment of contemporary management　  ethics of contemporary management　  managing in the global environment　  decision making, planning, strategy, learning, creativity, entrepreneurship　  organizational control, change, motivation performance 　  managing critical organizational processes　  promoting effective communication　  advanced information technology within contemporary management.   Publication of a paper is free for authors. The journal has been published continuously since 2002. Archival issues available here: www.ejournals.eu/ijcm.   Archiving  Sciendo archives the contents of this journal in Portico - digital long-term preservation service of scholarly books, journals and collections.  Plagiarism Policy  The editorial board is participating in a growing community of Similarity Check System's users in order to ensure that the content published is original and trustworthy. Similarity Check is a medium that allows for comprehensive manuscripts screening, aimed to eliminate plagiarism and provide a high standard and quality peer-review process. 

International Journal of Contemporary Management

Volume 57 (2021): Issue 1 (March 2021)

Research Article

How social influences and work environment affect the overall experience of tefl teachers in China

Loneliness and Cyberloafing in the Time of COVID-19: A Psychological Perspective

Legitimisation of Social Economy Entities: Theoretical Framework for Analysis in Polish Conditions

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