Geochronometria

Geochronometria ONL

<abstract xml:lang="en"><title style='display:none'>Optical Dating of a Late Quaternary Sediment Sequence from Sokli, Northern Finland</title>Interstadial and non-glacial stadial sediments collected in boreholes from Sokli in northeastern Finland have been dated by optically stimulated luminescence on quartz and feldspar grains. The quartz OSL ages follow stratigraphic order, with one exception, and support the litho- and biostratigraphical correlation with the NW European mainland climate-stratigraphy and the marine oxygen-isotope stages. Feldspar IRSL dates generally overestimate the age, probably due to incomplete bleaching.The data show that during the last glacial cycle north-eastern Finland was not glaciated until MIS 5b, around 90 ka. Interstadial conditions occurred around ~94 ka (MIS 5c), ~74-80 ka (MIS 5a) and 42-54 ka (MIS 3).The OSL ages have large standard errors mainly due to small sample sizes, relatively poor luminescence characteristics and uncertainties in dose-rate determinations.</abstract>

Optical Dating of a Late Quaternary Sediment Sequence from Sokli, Northern Finland

Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, P.O. Box 5003, NO-1432 Ås, Norway

Dating Laboratory, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 64, 00014 Helsinki, Finland

Department of Physical Geography and Quaternary Geology, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden

Keywords

<article-title>Optical Dating of a Late Quaternary Sediment Sequence from Sokli, Northern Finland</article-title>

<abstract xml:lang="en"><title style='display:none'>Component Resolved IR Bleaching Study of the Blue LM-OSL Signal of Various Quartz Samples</title>The present work provides an initial component resolved analysis concerning the effect of infra-red (IR) exposure at elevated temperatures on the blue LM-OSL signal of quartz (stimulated at 470 nm). The study was performed on a total of seven quartz samples, among which five originated from Turkey, one from Greece and one synthetic quartz sample. For these quartz samples, the presence of 6 or even 7 independent LM-OSL components was previously reported, after the application of a computerized decomposition analysis. IR bleaching of each one of these components is studied and compared to the respective signal reduction due to the same thermal treatment solely. It is clearly demonstrated that IR stimulation at temperatures above 50°C does not deplete only the fast component in most sedimentary quartz samples studied. Net depletion of fast and medium components resulting from IR exposure is sample-dependent and occurs faster as the stimulation temperature increases. Weak IR bleaching of slow components is also reported in some cases, being more effective for stimulation temperatures up to 100°C. No depletion of either the medium or the slow components was detected for stimulation temperatures above 150°C. Finally, IR does not stimulate any of the LM-OSL components in the case of the synthetic quartz sample.</abstract>

Component Resolved IR Bleaching Study of the Blue LM-OSL Signal of Various Quartz Samples

R.C. "ATHENA", Cultural and Educational Technology Institute, Archaeometry Laboratory, Tsimiski 58, 67100-Xanthi, Greece

Physics Department, Faculty of Science and Arts, ISIK University, 34980-Sile, Istanbul, Turkey

Nuclear Physics Laboratory, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124-Thessaloniki, Greece

<article-title>Component Resolved IR Bleaching Study of the Blue LM-OSL Signal of Various Quartz Samples</article-title>

<abstract xml:lang="en"><title style='display:none'>Chronostratigraphy of the Vistulian Glaciation on the Kujawy Moraine Plateau (Central Poland) Based on Lithostratigraphic Research and OSL Dating</title>The subject of the investigations presented here is fixing dilemmatic character (transgressive or recessive) of the Poznań phase of the Vistulian (Weichselian) Glaciation and answering the question about the possibility of lithostratigraphic separation of this phase from the Leszno phase in the region of so called Vistula lob. Here we present the outcomes of the research project carried out on a few tills exposures, which constitute the sedimentological record of the last ice sheet advance on the Kujawy Moraine Plateau. The absolute ages of 17 samples (collected from fluvial deposits uncovered in the geological logs) have been determined by means of the OSL method applying the single aliquots regenerative (SAR) dose protocol. The OSL data are analysed with regard to supposed bleaching conditions at the moment of the last transport and deposition of the material. In conclusion, some remarks on suitability of fluvial sands for OSL dating are made. In most of the investigated sites, there appears to exist only a single till level associated with the main stage of the Vistulian Glaciation. This fact and the results of OSL dating support the hypothesis, that the Poznań phase in Kujawy Moraine Plateau is not a distinct lithostratigraphic unit, but it is a recessive phase of the last glaciation.</abstract>

Chronostratigraphy of the Vistulian Glaciation on the Kujawy Moraine Plateau (Central Poland) Based on Lithostratigraphic Research and OSL Dating

Institute of Physics, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Grudziądzka 5/7, 87-100 Toruń, Poland

Institute of Geography, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Gagarina 9, 87-100 Toruń, Poland

<article-title>Chronostratigraphy of the Vistulian Glaciation on the Kujawy Moraine Plateau (Central Poland) Based on Lithostratigraphic Research and OSL Dating</article-title>

<abstract xml:lang="en"><title style='display:none'>Evolution of Brestovská Cave Based on U-Series Dating of Speleothems</title>The U-series dating indicates five episodes of flowstone growth in Brestovská Cave, namely: ca. 200 ka, ca. 128-88 ka, ca. 82-65 ka, ca. 64-50 ka, and during the Holocene. The age of flowstones and their spatial distribution within the cave prove that the upper storey of the cave was dewatered before 200 ka. At that time the lower storey also existed and was able to carry the whole water flowing through the cave. It suggests that 200 ka ago the water-table was at similar level as it is at present. Hence, one should accept that the valley bottom was then also at the present level. During at least a part of the MIS 6 the growth of speleothems was possible in the cave. It suggests that the cave was located outside the permafrost zone then. Between 50 ka and Holocene, Brestovská Cave was flooded by invasion waters originating from the melting of the Würm glacier; the water-table was additionally raised due to the blockage of a resurgence by glacifluvial sediments. The flooding event caused the destruction of older deposits, including speleothems, and deposition of fine-grained clastics on the cave walls.</abstract>

Evolution of Brestovská Cave Based on U-Series Dating of Speleothems

Institute of Geological Sciences, Polish Academy of Sciences, Twarda 51/55, 00-818 Warsaw, Poland

Institute of Geological Sciences, Jagiellonian University, Oleandry 2a, 30-063 Cracow, Poland

Administration of Slovak Caves, Hodžova 11, 031 01 Liptovský Mikuláš, Slovakia

<article-title>Evolution of Brestovská Cave Based on U-Series Dating of Speleothems</article-title>

{"article-title":"Evolution of Brestovská Cave Based on U-Series Dating of Speleothems"}

<abstract xml:lang="en"><title style='display:none'>Milling-Induced Reset of Thermoluminescence and Deformation of Hydroxyl Species in the Near-Surface Layers of Quartz Grains</title>Reset mechanisms of thermoluminescence (TL) signals in the near-surface layers (~500 nm thick) of quartz grains during milling are discussed on the basis of the dependence of TL glow-curves and infrared absorption spectra on grain diameter. TL measurements (heating to 370°C at 1°C/s) indicate that the near-surface layer does not seem to emit TL at ~250-400°C, especially in the blue range, even in TL measurements after re-irradiation. In contrast, the layer seems to emit more TL at ~130°C than the inner original quartz. On the other hand, diffused reflection infrared Fourier transform spectrometry indicates that hydroxyl species (e.g. Al-OH, Li-dependent OH and molecular H2O species) are deformed in the near-surface layer. These two series of data suggest that TL recombination sites in the near-surface layer are deformed or broken during milling and contribute to TL emission unusually strongly.</abstract>

Milling-Induced Reset of Thermoluminescence and Deformation of Hydroxyl Species in the Near-Surface Layers of Quartz Grains

Earthquake Prediction Research Center, Institute of Oceanic Research and Development, Tokai Univeriswty, Orido 3-20-1, Shimizu-ku, Shizuoka 424-8610, Japan

Graduate School of Science and Technology, Niigata University, 8050 Ikarashi-ninocho, Niigata 950-2181, Japan

Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Niigata University, 8050 Ikarashi-ninocho, Niigata 950-2181, Japan

<article-title>Milling-Induced Reset of Thermoluminescence and Deformation of Hydroxyl Species in the Near-Surface Layers of Quartz Grains</article-title>

<abstract xml:lang="en"><title style='display:none'>Stable Isotopes in Tree Rings as Proxies for Winter Precipitation Changes in the Russian Arctic over the Past 150 Years</title>We present results from an analysis of tree ring width and stable carbon and oxygen isotopes in tree ring cellulose of Siberian Spruce collected from remote forest islands in the northwestern Russian tundra. Ring width is often considered a proxy for summer temperatures. The aim of this pilot study was to test whether stable isotopes can provide additional information about climate during the growth of trees in this extreme environment. Comparison of δ13C and δ18O with observed meteorological data shows that there is a link between stable isotopes and winter precipitation. This may be explained by the strong influence that snow exerts on the isotopic composition of soil moisture during spring and early summer, when the new cellulose is formed. Our results show that winter precipitation in the study area was increasing from 1865-1900, and thereafter decreasing until ~ 1930. The 1960-1980 period was again rather humid, followed by a drying trend until 1990. The study highlights the potential of stable carbon and oxygen isotopes in tree rings as proxies for winter precipitation.</abstract>

Stable Isotopes in Tree Rings as Proxies for Winter Precipitation Changes in the Russian Arctic over the Past 150 Years

Department of Physical Geography and Quaternary Geology, Stockholm University, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden

Department of Geology, University of Helsinki, P.O.Box 64, Gustaf Hällströmin katu 2a, FI-00014 University of Helsinki, Finland

Radiocarbon Dating Laboratory, University of Helsinki, P.O.Box 64, Gustaf Hällströmin katu 2a, FI-00014 University of Helsinki, Finland

<article-title>Stable Isotopes in Tree Rings as Proxies for Winter Precipitation Changes in the Russian Arctic over the Past 150 Years</article-title>

<abstract xml:lang="en"><title style='display:none'>Deposition Rate of Lake Sediments Under Different Alternative Stable States</title>Sediments of five shallow lakes in Polesie Lubelskie region (Eastern Poland), representing a wide range of nutrient concentration, were dated by Pb-210 method and reliable age-depth models were constructed. These models were a base for studies of relationship between status of lake biocenoses and rate of sedimentation in the lakes.The sedimentation rate does not depend on ecological status of studied lakes. The highest mean sedimentation rate was found in phytoplankton-dominated (Lake Syczyńskie) and phytoplankton-macrophyte-dominated (Lake Sumin) lakes. Macrophyte-dominated lakes represented intermediate values of deposition rate. Lake depth, area and hydrology are more important factors controlling sedimentation rate. The sedimentation rate was rather stable or changed over the time, depending on human management in the lakes' drainage basins.</abstract>

Deposition Rate of Lake Sediments Under Different Alternative Stable States

Institute of Geological Sciences, Polish Academy of Sciences, Twarda 51/55, 00-818 Warszawa, Poland

<article-title>Deposition Rate of Lake Sediments Under Different Alternative Stable States</article-title>

{"article-title":"Deposition Rate of Lake Sediments Under Different Alternative Stable States"}

<abstract xml:lang="en"><title style='display:none'>Uncertainties on the Luminescence Ages and Anomalous Fading</title>It is well known that some minerals give underestimated luminescence ages due to anomalous fading. The anomalous fading follows a logarithmic decay law characterized by its slope, the socalled fading rate or g-value. Using the fading rate, Huntley and Lamothe (2001) suggested some correction for the fading underestimation of young samples (&lt;40-50 ka). For polymineral fine grains, we observe a fading rate of 0-4%/decade for TL and BL-OSL and 4-6%/decade for IR-OSL. Extending the laboratory observation to archaeological age, the underestimation on the age for 10 ka is estimated to a mean of 5% for TL, 10% for BL-OSL and 45% for IR-OSL. Due to the non-linearity of the Huntley and Lamothe's fading correction, the contribution of the fading to the total uncertainty is estimated by a Monte-Carlo simulation. The inference on dating shows that the uncertainty on the anomalous fading can be a significant term of the combined uncertainty on the age, even for low fading rates.</abstract>

Uncertainties on the Luminescence Ages and Anomalous Fading

Centre de Recherche et de Restauration des Musées de France, Palais du Louvre, Porte des lions 14 quai F. Mitterrand, 75001 Paris

<article-title>Uncertainties on the Luminescence Ages and Anomalous Fading</article-title>

{"article-title":"Uncertainties on the Luminescence Ages and Anomalous Fading"}

<abstract xml:lang="en"><title style='display:none'>Influence of the Parameters of Models used to Calculate Soil Erosion Based on 137Cs Tracer</title>Soil erosion is a serious problem especially on arable land in the loess areas of southern Poland. Reliable data of soil erosion are important to propose a proper method of soil conservation. Measurements of 137Cs inventory allow obtaining both long-term mean value of soil erosion and spatial pattern of soil erosion. To obtain quantitative results of soil erosion from 137Cs measurements one of the mathematical models must be used. Currently, there are many such models in circulation and the results of calculations of soil erosion depend not only on the particular model but also on values assumed for parameters of this model.This paper describes some problems related to calculating soil erosion and deposition based on 137Cs data, namely, the influence of additional parameters on calculated soil erosion is considered. In particular, we have considered the influence of values assumed for plough depth, γ factor, particle size correction factor, soil density and the contribution of the post-Chernobyl deposition to the total caesium deposition on the calculated soil erosion values. The calculations of soil erosion have been done for four, most commonly used models, using real caesium inventory data collected by the authors. The influence of errors of model parameters on the results of soil erosion rate estimates is about 1%, or less for 1% relative error in the parameter.</abstract>

Influence of the Parameters of Models used to Calculate Soil Erosion Based on Cs Tracer

Department of Radioisotopes, Institute of Physics, Silesian University of Technology, Krzywoustego 2, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland

<article-title>Influence of the Parameters of Models used to Calculate Soil Erosion Based on 137Cs Tracer</article-title>

<abstract xml:lang="en"><title style='display:none'>Too Old AMS Radiocarbon Dates Obtained from Moss Remains from Lake Kwiecko Bottom Sediments (N Poland)</title>The paper presents the results of the AMS radiocarbon dating of moss macrofossils which seem to be too old in the context of palynological data. The lack of agreement between the obtained results of radiocarbon dating and pollen analysis has been discussed. Some possible causes of the discrepancies between the results of radiocarbon dating and palynological dating have been given.</abstract>

Too Old AMS Radiocarbon Dates Obtained from Moss Remains from Lake Kwiecko Bottom Sediments (N Poland)

Department of Palaeobotany, Institute of Botany, Jagiellonian University, Lubicz 46, 31-512 Kraków, Poland

Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biology, Pedagogical University, Podchorążych 2, 30-084 Kraków, Poland

<article-title>Too Old AMS Radiocarbon Dates Obtained from Moss Remains from Lake Kwiecko Bottom Sediments (N Poland)</article-title>

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Editor-in-Chief Andrzej Rakowski, Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland Honorary Editor-in-Chief Anna Pazdur, Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland Managing Editor Sławomira Pawełczyk, Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland Editor Danuta Michczyńska, Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland Editorial Advisory Board Grzegorz Adamiec, Silesian University of Technology, Poland Andrzej Bluszcz, Silesian University of Technology, Poland Krzysztof Borówka, University of Szczecin, Poland Michel R. Fontugne, CNRS, France Manfred Frechen, Leibnitz Institute of Applied Geosciences GGA, Germany Mebus Geyh, Winsen/Aller, Germany Tomasz Goslar, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poland Irka Hajdas, ETH, Switzerland Helena Hercman, Polish Academy of Science, Poland Högne Jungner, Helsinki Univeristy, Finland Marek Krąpiec, AGH University of Science and Technology, Poland Ioannis Liritzis, University of the Aegean, Greece Andrew S. Murray, Risoe National Laboratory, Denmark Anna Pazdur, Silesian University of Technology, Poland Romuald Schild, Polish Academy of Science, Poland Zhong-Ping Lai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.R. China Ganna Zaitseva, Russian Academy of Science, Russia Mariusz Ziółkowski, Warsaw University, Poland Technical Editor Grzegorz Kazanowski, Silesian University of Technology, Poland Publisher De Gruyter Poland Bogumiła Zuga 32A Str. 01-811 Warsaw, Poland T: +48 22 701 50 15

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<DIV align=left> Geochronometria is a multi-disciplinary journal on Methods and Applications of Absolute Chronology. The title is owned by the Institute of Physics - Centre for Science and Education at the Silesian University of Technology in Gliwice, Poland. We equally encourage the submission of papers devoted to developing methodology as to the applications. The journal integrates scientists developing and applying methods of numerical chronology in various fields such as: <UL> <LI>geology,</LI> <LI>palaeoclimatology,</LI> <LI>palaeobiology,</LI> <LI>alaeohydrology,</LI> <LI>geography,</LI> <LI>archaeology.</LI></UL> The methods employ, among others: <UL> <LI>radiocarbon,</LI> <LI>OSL (optically stimulated luminescence),</LI> <LI>dendrochronology,</LI> <LI>TL (thermoluminescence),</LI> <LI>EPR (electron paramagnetic resonance),</LI> <LI>stable isotopes,</LI> <LI>isotopes of natural decay series,</LI> <LI>varve chronology. </LI></UL> Archiving Sciendo archives the contents of this journal in <A href="https://www.portico.org/">Portico</A> - digital long-term preservation service of scholarly books, journals and collections. Plagiarism Policy The editorial board is participating in a growing community of <A href="https://www.crossref.org/services/similarity-check/">Similarity Check System's</A> users in order to ensure that the content published is original and trustworthy. Similarity Check is a medium that allows for comprehensive manuscripts screening, aimed to eliminate plagiarism and provide a high standard and quality peer-review process. </DIV>

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Volume 32 (2008): Edition -1 (December 2008)

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