<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">In this paper, the retina is discussed as part of the feature of extraction of retinal scans for use in security systems as a means of identification. The design system contains a method of image acquisition and processing of the image. A computer system is also incorporated for matching and verifying the image captured to an already present representation of unique features of the retina that are stored as templates for matching and identification. It should then either allow or deny the user depending on the results of the matching process. This paper shows the development of the step undertaken to process the image to the extraction of the features. The high resolution images are taken through a series of image enhancement process before feature extraction technics are applied and before templates are created for future referencing. The main limitation of this process is attributed to capturing the image from the retina. The image obtained may be of poor quality thus making the unique features of the retina unclear.</abstract>

Study of Feature Extraction of Retinal Scans

<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">Digital communication has proven to be the most efficient method of data transmission especially where long distances are involved. This led to the invention of more sophisticated methods of communication ranging from mobile handset communication to more advanced satellite communication. The speeds of passing information have been improving over the years and real time video communication has been made possible with digital devices. Various methods of digital data transmission are employed based on the information to be transmitted. This paper focuses on carrier recovery in digital communication systems, especially those based on Quadrature Phase Shift Keying (QPSK) modulation and demodulation scheme. The design being implemented is that of coherent demodulation for QPSK scheme using SIMULINK design tool. Performance of QPSK is also investigated to make a comparison and the suitability of the scheme to use in digital data transmission applications.</abstract>

Data-Aided Carrier Recovery with QPSK Modulation

<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">After the criminal prosecution is completed, the indictment is the act of referring the court (not the inculpation, as in the previous regulation, the prosecutor’s ordinance being the only procedural act in this respect), and when it also includes, in its contents, solutions for closing or waiving the prosecution, the court is not also referred for the judgment of those, even if they were described in the presentation of the case and are related to the deed brought before the court for judgment. This act of indictment is issued by the prosecutor only if he is convinced that three conditions are met cumulatively – the deed exists, it was committed by the defendant and he is criminally liable – otherwise, he has a solution of non-adjudication or can appreciate on the opportunity to abandon criminal prosecution. As a novelty in the current Code of Criminal Procedure, the Guilty Plea/Agreement on the Recognition of Guilt is an exception to the principles of truth and legality, being adopted in our judicial system for pragmatic reasons, being similar as an institution to that of other criminal procedural systems on the continent. The guilty party is the prosecutor and the defendant, the latter being both a natural person and a legal person, as procedural rules do not differ in this respect. The interpretation of Article 478 par. 1 of the Criminal Procedure Code: “the defendant and the prosecutor may conclude an agreement” implies that neither of the two holders will be compelled to enter into an agreement initiated by the other.</abstract>

Referral to the Court After the Completion of Criminal Prosecution

<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">Climate change has very significant impact on livelihoods and food security. The geospatial technology provides a better understanding of various themes related to climate change. This study examined the seasonal (kharif, rabi and zaid) long term (1970-2000) monthly climatic parameters such as precipitation, potential evapotranspiration over the country of India. The seasonal Aridity Index was computed and analyzed with respect to various agro-ecological zones of India. The analysis of long term mean precipitation (mm) during kharif, rabi and zaid season was found to be in the range of (14-7463), (0-914) and (0-1722) respectively. The analyses of the long term mean potential evapotranspiration in all seasons was found notable high in arid/semiarid zones. The Aridity Index during kharif, rabi and zaid seasons was found to be in the range of (0.19-4.27), (0.03-0.73) and (0.01-1.48) respectively. The seasonal Aridity Index in some of the agro-ecological zones of the central India in the arid and semiarid regions was found to be notably low. A concrete plan with synergic approach including integrated watershed management and traditional ecological practices will help to fulfill crop water demand and maintain adequate soil moisture for the present and future crops.</abstract>

Seasonal (Kharif, Rabi and Zaid) Precipitation, Potential Evapotranspiration and Aridity Index with Respect to Various Agro Ecological Zones of India

<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">Since ancient times, skiing has been a way of moving, born out of a spirit of survival. The usefulness of this means of transportation has undergone numerous transformations with implications in terms of utility-applied aspect as well as in the area of sports and recreation. Military Physical Education, as a component of military training, includes utility-applied skiing, focusing in particular on cross-country skiing and ski touring. The modern battlefield requires military training in increasingly complex and new areas in this century, with a focus on the formation of well-trained and multispecialized armies of professionals, to the detriment of mass armies. Ski-mountaineering has increasingly evolved over the last few years, due to the possibility of reaching relatively fast on the ridge tips and lowering even faster, eliminating the barriers imposed by the relief. As the name calls it, it combines the techniques and procedures of skiing with mountaineering.</abstract>

History and Debut of the Ski-Mountaineering

<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">For the sake of contemporaneity, the notion of sustainable development has become the key concept in developing new paradigms of human survival, in designing new ways of managing social systems. The current state of today’s humanity is looking for a new development model as well as new security objectives.Considered as a process over time, human development means creating, through action at policy level, the conditions for facilitating sustainable human development, such as appropriate education, health, material wellbeing, participation, social empowerment and inclusion and establishment of a model of socially and geographically equitable economic growth.</abstract>

Correlation Between Human Development and Sustainable Development – Condition of Human Security

<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">Nowadays, teaching grammar and lexis to students is undoubtedly necessary but not enough. The new approaches to language teaching place a great emphasis on developing learners’ communicative competency. Besides the professional skills, essential to a successful career, individuals also need to acquire the communicative competency, which is equally important as it includes various other competencies, such as: linguistic, social, socio-cultural, or strategic competences in order to communicate and interact with each other. Our paper aims at discussing the different ways and methods teachers can use in the language classroom to build and enhance students’ social and strategic competencies.</abstract>

Strategic and Social Competences in the Foreign Language Class

<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">It is said that western society is heading toward individuation, towards personalization. This, along with continuous technological progress, triggers the concept of Personal Identity Online (PIO) which highlights and tailors a specific characteristic of an individual’s behavior in an online network of similar ones, benefitting from a single opportunity to shape an individual’s identity differently from the one he has in reality. Looked at from the network of ties existent in a social online environment, identity is tailored by each individual representation in virtual encounters. This representation is provided by the users’ profiles while the posts used are enriched and shared account for the visual representation of alterity. The present paper looks at how impression management and personal branding are developed in the social network environment in a desire to complete personal characteristics that reality did not grant. Analysis on posted content, management of information and social manifestation are involved to this end.</abstract>

Personal Online Identity-Branding or Impression Management

<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">The habit of smoking is one of the most dangerous long-term behaviors affecting the health of a population, especially for young women, who will become the mothers to give birth to the future generations. In order to identify the prevalence of smoking among young women in Târgu Mureş, as well as other lifestyle-related risk factors, in this cross-sectional study we used a questionnaire to assess lifestyle among 964 women aged 15 to 49 years. The results showed that almost half of the interviewed women declared being smokers. The highest prevalence was found to be associated with the 21 to 30 year age group, no high-school education, non-Romanian ethnics, showing no interest for a healthy lifestyle, low resistance to stress and lack of proper rest and relaxation. This increased prevalence of smoking among women of childbearing age was identified alongside a low willingness for smoking cessation.</abstract>

University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Sciences and Tehnology

The Prevalence of Tobacco Consumption Among Women in Târgu Mureş and Associations with Socio-Demographic and Cultural Factors

<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">The following research started from the idea that correcting the crawl swimming style could help improve the performance of military students in the 50 m swimming with obstacles at the military pentathlon. Alongside with other specialists in the military pentathlon and swimming coaches we have elaborated a scoring grid for every error that can occure in the 50 m swimming with obstacle event. The methods used for evaluating was the scoring grid errors for 50 m swimming with obstacles, the observation method and also the experiment method. We had two samples in our research, the first group was the experiment group that was formed by 30 students with the age between 18-22 years old components of the military pentathlon team, and the second group, the control group, formed by 30 students with same age. The results of our investigation showed that the experiment group had improved statistical significant differences compared with the control group proving the necessity of using a scorring grid for the 50 m obstacle swimming in the military pentathlon.The conclusions of the investigation showed that through the specific scoring system, the experts’ assessment certifies the viability of the new analytical curriculum introduced into student planning program within the experimental group.</abstract>

Study Regarding the Technical Training in the Military Pentathlon at the 50 M Race with Obstacles

<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">In our current network-based world, cooperation between different participants in all areas, for example political, defense, economic or cultural, has an increasing role. Because of this the importance of interoperability between participants is also increasing. The central presence of information also highlights the concept and influencing factors of interoperability. The participants can be individuals, organizations or other groups, where a comprehensive flow of information and the constant presence of the information space is essential for its effective and efficient activity. Interoperability issues are also a key component of the military transformation process of NATO, so basic information questions should be answered to achieve the target system. Nowadays, interoperability requirements and definitions are subject to periodic changes in order to facilitate high-tech joint exercises using advanced technology.</abstract>

Interpreting the Interoperability of the Nato’s Communication and Information Systems

AHEAD OF PRINT

Volume 28 (2023): Issue 2 (December 2023)

Volume 28 (2023): Issue 1 (June 2023)

Volume 27 (2022): Issue 2 (December 2022)

Volume 27 (2022): Issue 1 (June 2022)

Volume 26 (2021): Issue 2 (December 2021)

Volume 26 (2021): Issue 1 (June 2021)

Volume 25 (2020): Issue 2 (December 2020)

Volume 25 (2020): Issue 1 (June 2020)

Volume 24 (2019): Issue 2 (December 2019)

Volume 24 (2019): Issue 1 (June 2019)

Volume 23 (2018): Issue 2 (December 2018)

Volume 23 (2018): Issue 1 (July 2018)

Volume 22 (2017): Issue 2 (December 2017)

Volume 22 (2017): Issue 1 (June 2017)

Volume 21 (2016): Issue 2 (December 2016)

Volume 21 (2016): Issue 1 (June 2016)

Volume 20 (2015): Issue 2 (December 2015)

Volume 20 (2015): Issue 1 (June 2015)

Scientific Bulletin

The Scientific Bulletin is a double blind peer-review academic, biannually publication of the “Nicolae Balcescu” Land Forces Academy in Sibiu, issued in English language. It aims at presenting various approaches to the following domains: Military Sciences, Public Administration, Social and Humanities Sciences, Management, and Technical Sciences, with high relevance for the security and defence system. There are no article processing charges and no article submission charges.   The Scientific Bulletin of the Land Forces Academy seeks to highlight, the results of the theoretical studies and scientific investigations carried out in the framework of national and international research grants and projects, as well as the contributions of leading personalities of contemporary national and international science. Based on the need of the higher education to focus more on scientific research and training practice, the Scientific Bulletin of the Land Forces Academy provides the optimal framework for debating various aspects, phenomena and fundamental processes specific to the army and to other areas of society. For every issue, the ideas, the content and the design of the accepted articles aim at disseminating, as well as, capitalizing on the research results for the purpose of substantiating new theoretical models and research projects, in addition to the modernizing of the university education.  Archiving  Sciendo archives the contents of this journal in Portico - digital long-term preservation service of scholarly books, journals and collections.  Plagiarism Policy  The editorial board is participating in a growing community of Similarity Check System's users in order to ensure that the content published is original and trustworthy. Similarity Check is a medium that allows for comprehensive manuscripts screening, aimed to eliminate plagiarism and provide a high standard and quality peer-review process.  Target group   researchers, experts, practitioners in the filed of political law 