<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> The aim of this study was to examine the effect of split and one-time application of nitrogen-sulphur fertiliser ENSIN (26% N, 13% S) containing nitrification inhibitors (dicyandiamide and 1,2,4-triazole) on the content of nitrate and ammonium nitrogen in soil. The study was conducted in field small-plot experiment with winter barley on Haplic Luvisol with dominance of clay fraction in experimental station of the Central Testing Institute in Agriculture of Veľké Ripňany in the experimental years 2015 to 2017. The dose of nitrogen in all experimental treatments was 140 kg/ha and was applied at once during regenerative fertilisation or split in three partial doses. Soil samples from all examined treatments were taken from two soil depths (0.0‒0.3 m and 0.3‒0.6 m, respectively) by probe rod in three week intervals. Achieved results indicate that in the year 2015/2016, one-time application of fertiliser ENSIN containing nitrification inhibitors considerably reduced portion of N-NO3 - from the content of Nmin by 32 relative % in soil depth of 0.0-0.3 m and by 36 relative % in soil depth of 0.3‒0.6 m. On the other hand, in the year 2016/2017, split application of fertiliser ENSIN substantially reduced portion of N-NO3 - from the content of Nmin by 38‒62 relative % in soil depth of 0.0‒0.3 m, however increased portion of N-NO3 - by 10‒14 relative % in soil depth of 0.3‒0.6 m</abstract>

Effectiveness of the Application of Nitrification Inhibitors on the Content of Available Nitrogen Forms in the Soil after Winter Barley Cultivation

<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> In Slovakia more than a half of the landfill‘s waste consist of the biodegradable waste (BDW). Therefore the BDW composting can decrease significantly the production of the landfill gas as well as the financial and space requirements for landfills. However, the composts production have to be solved comprehensively, including their rational usage. In Slovakia the use of composts is ineffective if the location of their production is farther than 50 km, because of the high tranportation costs. The objective of the experiments was to determine the ratio of vermicompost in the soil growing medium in order not to decrease the yield quantity and quality of radish - the most commonly grown vegetable in the gardens in Slovakia. Five shares of vermicompost were tested in the soil substrate (0%, 10%, 20%, 25% and 50%). The results show that 50% share of vermicompost in the soil substrate, i.e. the ratio of vermicompost to soil 1:1, was not the optimal solution of the vermicompost usage. However, even this quantity of vermicompost did not have a negative impact on the weight of the aboveground and underground phytomass in comparison with the treatment without vermicompost. 50% share of vermicompost in the growing medium had the negative impact on the qualitative parameters of radish. It decreased the content of vitamin C and increased the content of nitrates in radish roots and leaves. Along with the higher share of vermicompost in the growing medium, the content of vitamin C was decreased in radish roots and leaves, and the content of nitrates in radish roots was increased. The roots of the biggest diameter, and consequently the highest yield of radish roots and leaves was formed in the treatment where the soil substrate consisted of four portions of soil and one p ortion of vermicompost (20% proportion of vermicompost).</abstract>

Impact of Vermicompost as Component of Growing Medium on Phytomass Formation of Radish (Raphanus Sativus L.)

<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> Current experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of foliar application of different nutrients (control, nano-chelated Fe, nano-chelated Zn, nano-TiO2, nano-Si) on seed yield and morpho-physiological characteristics of oilseed rape cultivars (Hydromel, Neptune, Nathalie, Danube, Alonso). The highest pod numbers was achieved by foliar application of Zn and nano-SiO2 in cv. Hydromel and Neptune. The heaviest seeds were recorded for plants treated with nano-SiO2. The highest seed yield was recorded for cv. Hydromel and Neptune treated with Fe and nano-TiO2. The highest indole acetic acid was recorded in cv. Hydromel treated with Zn and nano-SiO2. The evaluation of plant pigments revealed that foliar application of nano-SiO2 and TiO2 significantly increased the concentration of carotenoids and Chlorophyll a, b. Overall, the results indicate that cultivating the high yielding hybrids (Hydromel, Neptune, Nathalie) along with the application of iron, SiO2 and TiO2 nano-particles can greatly improve plant performance</abstract>

The Effects of Micronutrients (Fe And Zn) and Beneficial Nano-Scaled Elements (Si And Ti) on Some Morphophysiological Characteristics of Oilseed Rape Hybrids

<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> Potato cultivars have different strategies for dealing with potassium (K) deficiency in soil, and their response to different forms and rates of K fertilisation may vary because of differences in soil K availability. This study was performed to evaluate the effect of K fertilisation rates (0, 30, 60, 90, 120 and 150 kg K/ha) on tuber yield and quality (dry matter, starch, sugar and ascorbic acid content, taste) of two potato cultivars (Roco and Rosara) grown in the microplot field experiment on Luvisol in the forest-steppe zone in southern West Siberia, Russia (NL 54.422106, EL 83.160257). The tuber yield of both potato cultivars increased with increase in K application rate up to 2.1 and 2.9 kg/m2 for Roco and Rosara, respectively. Sugar content, averaging 3.5%, was mostly determined by cultivar; however, in both cultivars it tended to decrease with increasing K application rate. The application of K fertiliser in the form of sulphate as compared to chloride increased dry matter content from 22.4 to 23.8% and ascorbic acid content from 13.2 to 14.6 mg/100 g fresh mass. Starch content of potato tubers averaged 59.7 ± 4.8% over all K fertilisation variants, with cultivar responses being different. Potassium application rate did not affect Roco tubers’ taste, while improving Rosara tubers’ taste under moderate application rates. The results underscore the importance to adjust fertiliser recommendations concerning potassium application rates and source on the basis of biological requirements and intended utilization of individual potato cultivars</abstract>

Potato Tuber Yield and Quality Under Different Potassium Application Rates and Forms in West Siberia

<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> Drought is one of the major abiotic stresses that frequently causes severe loss in crop yield worldwide. Laboratory predictors of field drought tolerance could significantly increase the effectiveness of existing plant breeding programs. In earlier field experiments, drought tolerance of 22 cultivated barley varieties has already been quantified. In order to develop laboratory markers of drought sensitivity, field drought tolerance data were correlated with parameters obtained in laboratory tests. Root and shoot length and weight were measured on control and PEG-treated (a simple laboratory drought model) seedlings. Significant correlations were found among root growth, shoot weight in laboratory stress conditions and field drought tolerance. Interestingly, a negative correlation was found between root length of the untreated seedlings and drought tolerance. Laboratory Drought Tolerance Index (DTI) was introduced as the linear combination of those laboratory parameters which were correlated with field drought tolerance. DTI showed good predictive value (r = 0.57, p &lt; 0.05) for drought tolerance in field experiments and we suggest it for preselection of drought tolerant barley breeding lines and for the characterization of drought tolerance in general.</abstract>

Drought Tolerance of European Barley (Hordeum Vulgare L.) Varieties

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Agriculture (Pol'nohospodárstvo)

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