Variables | Categories | Case | Control | Statistics (X2),p-value | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Frequency | Percentages % | Frequency | Percentages % | |||
Male | 99 | 57.9 | 276 | 65.7 | X2=3.23,p=0.07 | |
Female | 72 | 42.2 | 144 | 34.3 | ||
Normal | 55 | 32.2 | 160 | 38.1 | X2=1.88,p=0.39 | |
Moderate asphyxia | 73 | 42.7 | 161 | 38.3 | ||
Severe asphyxia | 43 | 25.1 | 99 | 23.6 | ||
Normal | 97 | 56.7 | 253 | 60.2 | X2=1.08,p=0.58 | |
Moderate asphyxia | 34 | 19.9 | 69 | 16.4 | ||
Severe asphyxia | 40 | 23.4 | 98 | 23.3 | ||
Preterm | 38 | 6.4 | 83 | 14.0 | X2=0.45,p=0.50 | |
Term | 133 | 22.5 | 337 | 57.0 | ||
Low birth weight | 61 | 35.7 | 23 | 3.9 | X2=90.87,p=0.00 | |
Normal birth weight | 110 | 64.3 | 397 | 67.2 | ||
Yes | 2 | 1.2 | 11 | 2.6 | X2=1.17,p=0.28 | |
No | 169 | 98.8 | 409 | 97.4 | ||
Yes | 115 | 67.3 | 306 | 72.9 | X2=1.86,p=0.17 | |
No | 56 | 32.7 | 114 | 27.1 | ||
Yes | 131 | 22.2 | 327 | 77.9 | X2=0.10,p=0.74 | |
No | 30 | 6.8 | 93 | 22.1 | ||
Yes | 62 | 36.3 | 186 | 44.3 | X2=3.25,p=0.07 | |
No | 109 | 63.7 | 234 | 55.7 | ||
No | 70 | 40.9 | 265 | 63.1 | X2=24.30,p=0.00 | |
Yes | 101 | 59.1 | 155 | 36.9 |
Variables | Adverse birth outcome | COR95%CI | P-value | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Yes | No | AOR95%CI | |||
81(13.7%) | 256(43.3%) | 0.57 (0.403-0 .83) | 0.65(0.43-0.98)* | 0.040 | |
90(15.2%) | 164(27.7%) | 1 | 1 | ||
66(11.2%) | 34(5.8%) | 7.14 (4.47-11.38) | 5.24(3.16-8.71)* | 0.000 | |
105 (17.8%) | 386(65.3%) | 1 | 1 | ||
61(10.3%) | 48(8.1%) | 4.29(2.78-6.63) | 4.02 (2.47-6.52)* | 0.000 | |
110 (18.6%) | 372 (62.9%) | 1 | 1 | ||
107(18.1%) | 198(33.5%) | 1.87 (1.30-2.69) | 1.43(1.23-4.48)* | 0.0001 | |
64 (10.8%) | 222(37.6%) | 1 | 1 | ||
120(20.3%) | 234(39.6%) | 1.87(1.28-2.74) | 1.80(1.17-2.78)* | 0.008 | |
51(8.6%) | 186(31.5%) | 1 | 1 | ||
43(7.3%) | 39(6.6%) | 3.28(2.04-5.3) | 2.072(1.18-3.61)* | 0.001 | |
128(21.7%) | 381(64.5%) | 1 | 1 |
Variables | Categories | Case | Control | Statistics (X2), p-value | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Frequency | Percentages % | Frequency | Percentages% | |||
Yes | 23 | 13.5 | 49 | 11.7 | X2=0.04, p=0.84 | |
No | 86 | 50.3 | 194 | 46.2 | ||
Spontaneous | 20 | 11.7 | 44 | 10.5 | X2=2.33, p=0.31 | |
Medically induced | 3 | 1.8 | 3 | 0.7 | ||
Medical and MVA* | 0 | - | 3 | 0.7 | ||
Yes | 29 | 17.0 | 22 | 5.2 | X2=18.9, p=0.00 | |
No | 83 | 48.5 | 224 | 53.3 | ||
Yes | 8 | 4.7 | 27 | 6.4 | X2=1.28, p=0.26 | |
No | 104 | 60.8 | 219 | 52.1 | ||
Yes | 31 | 18.1 | 23 | 5.5 | X2=20.19, p=0.00 | |
No | 81 | 47.4 | 223 | 53.1 | ||
Yes | 117 | 68.4 | 275 | 65.5 | X2=0.47, p=0.49 | |
No | 54 | 31.6 | 145 | 34.5 | ||
Oral contraceptives | 12 | 7.0 | 46 | 11.0 | X2=5.23, p=0.26 | |
Implant | 37 | 21.6 | 74 | 17.6 | ||
Injection | 60 | 35.1 | 136 | 32.4 | ||
IUD | 6 | 3.5 | 18 | 4.3 | ||
Yes | 21 | 12.3 | 25 | 6.0 | X2=6.19, p=0.01 | |
No | 93 | 54.4 | 225 | 53.6 | ||
No | 141 | 82.5 | 410 | 97.6 | X2=44.27, p=0.00 | |
Yes | 30 | 17.5 | 10 | 2.4 | ||
No | 130 | 76.0 | 334 | 79.5 | X2=0.88, p=0.35 | |
Yes | 41 | 24.0 | 86 | 20.5 | ||
No | 136 | 79.5 | 364 | 86.7 | X2=0.65, p=0.42 | |
Yes | 35 | 20.5 | 74 | 17.6 |
Variables | Categories | Case | Control | Statistics (X2), p-value | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Frequency | Percentages % | Frequency | Percentages% | |||
<= 1 | 59 | 34.5 | 174 | 41.4 | X2=2.95, p=0.23 | |
2 - 3 | 65 | 38.0 | 133 | 31.7 | ||
>_4 | 47 | 27.5 | 113 | 26.9 | ||
Yes | 138 | 80.7 | 362 | 86.2 | X2=2.81, p=0.09 | |
No | 33 | 19.3 | 58 | 13.8 | ||
<4 | 120 | 70.2 | 234 | 55.7 | X2=2.81, p=0.00 | |
>_4 | 51 | 29.8 | 186 | 44.3 | ||
Yes | 23 | 13.5 | 36 | 8.6 | X2=3.27, p=0.07 | |
No | 148 | 86.5 | 384 | 91.4 | ||
No | 165 | 96.5 | 403 | 96.0 | X2=0.09, p=0.76 | |
Yes | 6 | 3.5 | 17 | 4.0 | ||
No | 166 | 97.1 | 411 | 97.9 | X2=0.09, p=0.57 | |
Yes | 5 | 2.9 | 9 | 2.1 | ||
No | 168 | 98.2 | 410 | 97.6 | X2=0.22, p=0.64 | |
Yes | 3 | 1.8 | 10 | 2.4 | ||
No | 168 | 98.8 | 415 | 98.8 | X2=0.29, p=0.59 | |
Yes | 3 | 1.2 | 5 | 1.2 | ||
< 2 years | 107 | 62.6 | 198 | 47.1 | X2=11.58, p=0.001 | |
> 2 years | 64 | 37.4 | 222 | 52.9 | ||
Yes | 138 | 80.7 | 351 | 83.6 | X2=0.71, p=0.43 | |
No | 33 | 19.3 | 69 | 16.4 | ||
Yes | 162 | 94.7 | 402 | 95.7 | X2=0.27, p=0.61 | |
No | 9 | 5.3 | 18 | 4.3 | ||
Yes | 105 | 61.4 | 386 | 91.9 | X2=80.42, p=0.00 | |
No | 66 | 38.6 | 34 | 8.1 | ||
Home | 11 | 6.4 | 27 | 6.4 | X2=6.64, p=0.08 | |
Health Centre | 47 | 27.5 | 84 | 20.0 | ||
Hospital | 113 | 66.1 | 309 | 73.6 | ||
SVD | 131 | 76.6 | 303 | 72.1 | X2=1.56, p=0.46 | |
Assisted vaginal delivery | 7 | 4.1 | 16 | 3.8 | ||
CS | 33 | 19.3 | 101 | 24.0 | ||
Single | 110 | 18.6 | 372 | 62.9 | X2=47.48, p=0.00 | |
Twin | 61 | 10.3 | 48 | 8.1 | ||
Spontaneous | 144 | 84.2 | 364 | 86.7 | X2=0.61, p=0.43 | |
Induced | 27 | 15.8 | 56 | 13.3 | ||
Positive | 158 | 92.4 | 391 | 93.1 | X2=0.09, p=0.77 | |
Negative | 13 | 7.6 | 29 | 6.9 | ||
Yes | 98 | 57.3 | 253 | 60.2 | X2=0.43, p=0.51 | |
No | 73 | 42.7 | 167 | 39.8 |
Variables | Categories | Case | Control | Statistics (X2), p-value | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Frequency | Percentages % | Frequency | Percentages % | |||
<= 23 | 51 | 29.8 | 118 | 28.1 | X2=8.45, p=0.04 | |
24-26 | 33 | 19.3 | 110 | 26.2 | ||
27-30 | 60 | 35.1 | 105 | 25.0 | ||
31+ | 27 | 15.8 | 87 | 20.7 | ||
Orthodox | 53 | 31.0 | 138 | 32.9 | X2=1.16, p=0.56 | |
Muslim | 11 | 6.4 | 36 | 8.6 | ||
Protestant | 107 | 62.6 | 246 | 58.7 | ||
Oromo | 162 | 94.7 | 393 | 93.6 | X2=0.29, p=0.59 | |
Amhara | 9 | 5.3 | 27 | 6.4 | ||
Rural | 90 | 52.6 | 164 | 39.0 | X2=9.15, p=0.00 | |
Urban | 81 | 47.4 | 256 | 61.0 | ||
No formal education | 56 | 32.7 | 140 | 33.3 | X2=7.27, p=0.06 | |
Primary education (1-8) | 60 | 35.1 | 105 | 25.0 | ||
Secondary education (9-12) | 27 | 15.8 | 87 | 20.7 | ||
Collage and above | 28 | 16.4 | 88 | 21.0 | ||
No formal education | 41 | 24.0 | 99 | 23.6 | X2=8.62, p=0.04 | |
Primary education (1-8) | 56 | 32.7 | 93 | 22.1 | ||
Secondary education (9-12) | 36 | 21.1 | 102 | 24.3 | ||
Collage and above | 38 | 22.2 | 126 | 30.0 | ||
Government employee | 19 | 11.1 | 54 | 12.9 | X2=2.64, p=0.65 | |
Private employee Farmer | 13 54 | 7.6 31.6 | 37 118 | 8.8 28.1 | ||
Merchant | 25 | 14.6 | 48 | 11.4 | ||
Housewife | 60 | 35.1 | 163 | 38.8 | ||
Government employee | 40 | 23.4 | 133 | 31.7 | X2=5.81, p=0.12 | |
Private employee | 19 | 11.1 | 56 | 13.3 | ||
Farmer | 81 | 47.4 | 162 | 38.6 | ||
Merchant | 31 | 18.1 | 69 | 16.4 | ||
Monthly income | <= 1000 | 99 | 57.9 | 148 | 35.2 | X2=7.14, p=0.68 |
1,001-3,000 | 42 | 24.6 | 133 | 31.7 | ||
3,001+ | 30 | 17.5 | 139 | 33.1 |