Tracing Patterns of Intra-Speaker Variation in Early English Correspondence: A Change from Above in the Paston Letters

Alexandropoulos, Georgios. 2015. Stylistic devices of Christians expressing contradiction against the Gentiles. In Cinzia Russi (ed.), Current trends in historical sociolinguistics, 19–45. Berlin: De Gruyter. DOI: 10.1515/9783110488401-00510.1515/9783110488401-005Search in Google Scholar

Auer, Anita. 2015. Stylistic variation. In Anita Auer, Daniel Schreier & Richard J. Watts (eds), Letter writing and language change, 133–155. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. DOI: 10.1017/CBO9781139088275.00910.1017/CBO9781139088275.009Search in Google Scholar

Auer, Anita, Catharina Peersman, Simon Pickl, Gijsbert Rutten & Rik Vosters. 2015. Historical sociolinguistics: The field and its future. Journal of Historical Sociolinguistics 1(1). 1–12. DOI: 10.1515/jhsl-2015-000110.1515/jhsl-2015-0001Search in Google Scholar

Barber, Richard. 1986. The Pastons. A family in the Wars of the Roses. Woodbridge: The Boydell Press.Search in Google Scholar

Bell, Allan. 1984. Language style as audience design. Language in Society 13(2). 145–204.10.1017/S004740450001037XSearch in Google Scholar

Bell, Allan. 2001. Back in style: Reworking Audience Design. In Penelope Eckert & John Rickford (eds), Style and sociolinguistic variation, 139–169. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. DOI: 10.1017/CBO9780511613258.01010.1017/CBO9780511613258.010Search in Google Scholar

Bennett, Henry S. 1995 [1932]. The Pastons and their England: Studies in an age of transition (2nd edn). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Search in Google Scholar

Benskin, Michael. 1977. Local archives and Middle English dialects. Journal of the Society of Archivists 5(8). 500–514. DOI: 10.1080/0037981770951409010.1080/00379817709514090Search in Google Scholar

Benskin, Michael. 1982. The letters <þ> and <y> in later Middle English, and some related matters. Journal of the Society of Archivists 7(1). 13–30. DOI: 10.1080/0037981820951419910.1080/00379818209514199Search in Google Scholar

Bergs, Alexander. 2005. Social networks and historical sociolinguistics: Studies in morphosyntactic variation in the Paston Letters (1421–1503). Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.10.1515/9783110923223Search in Google Scholar

Biber, Douglas. 1995. Dimensions of register reconstruction. A cross-linguistic comparison. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.10.1017/CBO9780511519871Search in Google Scholar

Biber, Douglas. 2001. Dimensions of variation among 18^th- century registers. In Hans-Jürgen Diller & Manfred Görlach (eds), Towards a history of English as a history of genres, 89–110. Heidelberg: Carl Winter.Search in Google Scholar

Biber, Douglas & Edward Finegan. 1989. Styles of stance in English: Lexical and grammatical marking of evidentiality and affect. Text & Talk 9(1). 93–124. DOI: 10.1515/text.1.1989.9.1.9310.1515/text.1.1989.9.1.93Search in Google Scholar

Biber, Douglas & Edward Finegan. 1997. Diachronic relations among speech-based and written registers in English. In Terttu Nevalainen & Leena Kahlas-Tarkka (eds), To explain the present: Studies in the changing English language in honour of Matti Rissanen, 253–275. Helsinki: Société Neophilologique.Search in Google Scholar

Blake, Norman F. 1992. Introduction. In Norman F. Blake (ed.), The Cambridge history of the English language. Vol. 2: 1066-1476, 1–22. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.10.1017/CHOL9780521264754.002Search in Google Scholar

Blume, Richard 1882. Die Sprache der Paston Letters. Beitrag zur historischen Grammatik des Englischen. Programm der Realschhule beim Doventhor zu Bremen.Search in Google Scholar

Castor, Helen. 2004. Blood and roses. The Paston family in the fifteenth century. London: Faber & Faber.Search in Google Scholar

Christy, T. Craig. 1983. Uniformitarianism in linguistics. Amsterdam & Philadelphia, PA: John Benjamins.10.1075/sihols.31Search in Google Scholar

Conde-Silvestre, J. Camilo. 2007. Sociolingüística histórica. Madrid: Gredos.Search in Google Scholar

Conde-Silvestre, J. Camilo. 2012. The role of social networks and mobility in diachronic sociolinguistics. In Juan M. Hernández-Campoy & J. Camilo Conde-Silvestre (eds), The handbook of historical sociolinguistics, 332–352. Malden, MA: Wiley-Blackwell. DOI: 10.1002/9781118257227.ch1810.1002/9781118257227.ch18Search in Google Scholar

Conde-Silvestre, J. Camilo. 2016a. Historical sociolinguistics. In Jan-Ola Östman & Jef Verschueren (eds), Handbook of pragmatics: 2016 installment. Amsterdam & Philadelphia, PA: John Benjamins. DOI: 10.1075/hop.20.his410.1075/hop.20.his4Search in Google Scholar

Conde-Silvestre, J. Camilo. 2016b. A ‘third-wave’ historical sociolinguistic approach to late Middle English correspondence: Evidence from the Stonor Letters. In Cinzia Russi (ed.), Current Trends in Historical Sociolinguistics, 46-66. Berlin: De Gruyter. DOI: 10.1515/9783110488401-00610.1515/9783110488401-006Search in Google Scholar

Conde-Silvestre, J. Camilo. 2019. Spelling focusing and proto-standardisation in a fifteenth-century English community of practice. Studia Neophilologica 91(1). 11–30. DOI: 10.1080/00393274.2019.157818110.1080/00393274.2019.1578181Search in Google Scholar

Conde-Silvestre, J. Camilo & Juan M. Hernández-Campoy. 2004. A sociolinguistic approach to the diffusion of Chancery written practices in late fifteenth century private correspondence. Neuphilologische Mitteilungen 105(2). 133–152.Search in Google Scholar

Conde-Silvestre, J. Camilo & Juan M. Hernández-Campoy. 2013. Tracing the generational progress of language change in fifteenth century English: The digraph <th> in the Paston Letters. Neuphilologische Mitteilungen 114(3). 279–299.Search in Google Scholar

Coupland, Nikolas. 2007. Style: Language variation and identity. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.10.1017/CBO9780511755064Search in Google Scholar

Davis, Norman O. 1989 [1954]. The language of the Pastons. In James A. Burrow (ed.), Middle English literature: British Academy Gollancz lectures, 45–70. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Search in Google Scholar

Davis, Norman O. (ed.), 1971–1976. Paston letters and papers of the fifteenth century (2 vols). Oxford: Clarendon.Search in Google Scholar

Davis, Norman O. 1983 The language of two brothers in the fifteenth century. In Eric G. Stanley & Douglas Gray (eds), Five hundred years of words and sounds. A festschrift for Eric Dobson, 23–28. Cambridge: D.S. Brewer.Search in Google Scholar

Dressler, Wolfgang U. & Ruth Wodak. 1982. Sociophonological methods in the study of sociolinguistic variation in Viennese German. Language in Society 11(3). 339–370.10.1017/S0047404500009350Search in Google Scholar

Elspaβ, Stephan. 2002. Standard German in the 19th-century? (Counter-) evidence from the private correspondence of “ordinary people”. In Andrew R. Linn & Nicola McLelland (eds), Standardization: Studies from the Germanic languages, 43–65. Amsterdam & Philadelphia, PA: John Benjamins. DOI: 10.1075/cilt.235.05els10.1075/cilt.235.05elsSearch in Google Scholar

Gies, Frances & Joseph Gies. 1998. A medieval family: The Pastons of fifteenth-century England. New York, NY: Harper Collins.Search in Google Scholar

Gómez-Soliño, José. 1997. Pastons, Celys and the standard language in the late fifteenth century. In Margarita Giménez Bon & Vicky Olsen (eds), Proceedings of the IXth international conference of the Spanish Society for Medieval English Language and Literature, 117–139. Vitoria-Gasteiz: Universidad del País Vasco.Search in Google Scholar

González Escribano, José Luis G. 1982. Word-order and stylistic distortion in the letters of William Paston I, 1425–1442: A transformational approach. Anglo American Studies 2. 85–112.Search in Google Scholar

González Escribano, José Luis. 1985. Retórica epistolar en la Inglaterra del siglo XV: El caso de William Paston I, 1378–1444. In Fernando Galván (ed.), Estudios literarios ingleses. Edad Media, 253–283. Madrid: Cátedra.Search in Google Scholar

Hernández-Campoy, Juan M. 2008. Overt and covert prestige in Late Middle English: A case study in East Anglia. Folia Linguistica Historica 29. 1–26. DOI: 10.1515/FLIH.2008.110.1515/FLIH.2008.1Search in Google Scholar

Hernández-Campoy, Juan M. 2016a. Sociolinguistic styles. Malden, MA: Wiley-Blackwell.10.1002/9781118737606Search in Google Scholar

Hernández-Campoy, Juan M. 2016b. Authorship and gender in English historical sociolinguistic research: Samples from the Paston Letters. In Cinzia Russi (ed.), Current trends in historical sociolinguistics, 108–142. Berlin: De Gruyter. DOI: 10.1515/9783110488401-00910.1515/9783110488401-009Search in Google Scholar

Hernández-Campoy, Juan M. & J. Camilo Conde-Silvestre. 1999. The social diffusion of linguistic innovations in fifteenth century England: Chancery spellings in private correspondence. Cuadernos de Filología Inglesa 8. 251–274.Search in Google Scholar

Hernández-Campoy, Juan M. & J. Camilo Conde-Silvestre (eds). 2012. The handbook of historical sociolinguistics. Malden, MA: Wiley-Blackwell.10.1002/9781118257227Search in Google Scholar

Hernández-Campoy, Juan M. & J. Camilo Conde-Silvestre. 2015. Assessing variability and change in early English letters. In Anita Auer, Daniel Schreier & Richard J. Watts (eds), Letter writing and language change, 14–34. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. DOI: 10.1017/CBO9781139088275.00310.1017/CBO9781139088275.003Search in Google Scholar

Hernández-Campoy, Juan M. & Tamara García-Vidal. 2018a. Persona management and identity projection in English medieval society: Evidence from John Paston II. Journal of Historical Sociolinguistics 4(1). 1–31. DOI: 10.1515/jhsl-2016-002710.1515/jhsl-2016-0027Search in Google Scholar

Hernández-Campoy, Juan M. & Tamara García-Vidal. 2018b. Style-shifting and accommodative competence in Late Middle English written correspondence: Putting audience design to the test of time. Folia Linguistica Historica 39(2). 383-420. DOI: 10.1515/flih-2018-001410.1515/flih-2018-0014Search in Google Scholar

Hernández-Campoy, Juan M. & Natalie Schilling-Estes. 2012. The application of the quantitative paradigm to historical sociolinguistics: Problems with the generalizability principle. In Juan M. Hernández-Campoy & J. Camilo Conde-Silvestre (eds), The handbook of historical sociolinguistics, 63–79. Malden, MA: Wiley-Blackwell. DOI: 10.1002/9781118257227.ch410.1002/9781118257227.ch4Search in Google Scholar

Hickey, Raymond. 1999. Developments and change in Dublin English. In Ernst Håkon Jahr (ed.), Language change. Advances in historical sociolinguistics, 209–243. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.Search in Google Scholar

Hogg, Richard. 1992. Phonology and morphology. In Richard Hogg (ed.), The Cambridge history of the English language. Vol 1: The beginnings to 1066, 67–167. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. DOI: 10.1017/CHOL9780521264747.00410.1017/CHOL9780521264747.004Search in Google Scholar

Jensen, Vibeke. 2012. The consonantal element (th) in some late Middle English Yorkshire texts. In Jukka Tyrkkö, Matti Kilpiö, Terttu Nevalainen & Matti Rissanen (eds), Outposts of historical corpus linguistics: From the Helsinki Corpus to a proliferation of resources. Helsinki: Research Unit for Variation, Contact and Change in English. https://www.helsinki.fi/varieng/series/volumes/10/jensen/ [Accessed April 20, 2019].Search in Google Scholar

Labov, William. 1966a. The social stratification of English in New York City. Washington, DC: Center for Applied Linguistics.Search in Google Scholar

Labov, William. 1966b. Hypercorrection by the lower middle class as a factor in linguistic change. In William Bright (ed.), Sociolinguistics: Proceedings of the UCLA Sociolinguistics Conference, 1964, 84–113. The Hague: Mouton. DOI: 10.1515/9783110856507-00810.1515/9783110856507-008Search in Google Scholar

Labov, William. 1972. Sociolinguistic patterns. Philadelphia, PA: University of Pennsylvania Press.Search in Google Scholar

Labov, William. 1973. The linguistic consequences of being a lame. Language in Society 2(1). 81–115. DOI: 10.1017/S004740450000007510.1017/S0047404500000075Search in Google Scholar

Labov, William. 1994. Principles of linguistic change. Vol. 1: Internal factors. Oxford: Blackwell.Search in Google Scholar

Labov, William. 2001. The anatomy of style-shifting. In Penelope Eckert & John R. Rickford (eds) Style and sociolinguistic variation, 85–108. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. DOI: 10.1017/CBO9780511613258.00610.1017/CBO9780511613258.006Search in Google Scholar

Lass, Roger. 1992. Phonology and morphology. In Norman F. Blake (ed.), The Cambridge history of the English language. Vol 2: 1066–1476, 23–155. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. DOI: 10.1017/CHOL9780521264754.00310.1017/CHOL9780521264754.003Search in Google Scholar

Maas, Utz. 1988 On the interpretive analysis of historical records: Linguistic relations in seventeenth century Osnabrück. In Peter Auer & Aldo di Luzio (eds), Variation and convergence, 11–43. Berlin: Walter de Gruyter.Search in Google Scholar

Mattheier, Klaus. 1981. Wege und Umwege zur neuhochdeutschen Schriftsprache. Zeitschrift für Germanistische Linguistik 9(3). 274–307. DOI: 10.1515/zfgl.1981.9.3.27410.1515/zfgl.1981.9.3.274Search in Google Scholar

McIntosh, Angus. 1974. Towards an inventory of Middle English scribes. Neuphilologische Mitteilungen 75(4). 602–624.Search in Google Scholar

Meyerhoff, Miriam. 2006. Introducing sociolinguistics. London: Routledge.10.4324/9780203966709Search in Google Scholar

Millar, Robert McColl. 2012. English historical sociolinguistics. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.10.1515/9780748664382Search in Google Scholar

Milroy, James & Lesley Milroy 1985. Linguistic change, social network and speaker innovation. Journal of Linguistics 21(2). 339–384. DOI: 10.1017/S002222670001030610.1017/S0022226700010306Search in Google Scholar

Milroy, Lesley. 1987. Language and social networks (2nd edn). Oxford: Blackwell.Search in Google Scholar

Milroy, Lesley. 2002. Social networks. In Jack K. Chambers, Peter Trudgill & Natalie Schilling-Estes (eds), The handbook of language variation and change, 549–572. Oxford & Malden, MA: Blackwell.10.1111/b.9781405116923.2003.00030.xSearch in Google Scholar

Mihm, Arend, Michael Elmentaler, Stephanie Heth, Kerstin Salewski & Tim Stichlmair. 2000. Die frühneuzeitliche Überschichtung der rheinmaasländischen Stadtsprachen. Ein Duisburger Forschungsprojekt zur Entstehung der deutsch-niederländischen Sprachgrenze. In Michael Elmentaler (ed.), Regionalsprachen, Stadtsprachen und Institutionssprachen im historischen Prozess, 117–156. Vienna: Edition Praesens.Search in Google Scholar

Nevala, Minna & Minna Palander-Collin. 2005. Letters and letter writing: Introduction. European Journal of English Studies 9(1). 1–7. DOI: 10.1080/1382557050006790310.1080/13825570500067903Search in Google Scholar

Nevalainen, Terttu. 2006. Historical sociolinguistics and language change. In Ans van Kemenade & Bettelou Los (eds), The handbook of the history of English, 558–588. Malden, MA: Wiley Blackwell. DOI: 10.1002/9780470757048.ch2210.1002/9780470757048.ch22Search in Google Scholar

Nevalainen, Terttu 2007. Introduction. In Terttu Nevalainen & Sanna Kaisa Tanskanen (eds), Letter writing, 1–11. Amsterdam & Philadelphia, PA: John Benjamins. DOI: 10.1075/bct.1.02nev10.1075/bct.1.02nevSearch in Google Scholar

Nevalainen, Terttu. 2011. Historical sociolinguistics. In Ruth Wodak, Barbara Johnstone & Paul Kerswill (eds), The Sage handbook of sociolinguistics, 279–295. London: Sage.10.4135/9781446200957.n21Search in Google Scholar

Nevalainen, Terttu. 2015. What are historical sociolinguistics? Journal of Historical Sociolinguistics 1(2). 243–269. DOI: 10.1515/jhsl-2015-001410.1515/jhsl-2015-0014Search in Google Scholar

Nevalainen, Terttu & Helena Raumolin-Brunberg (eds). 1996. Sociolinguistics and language history: Studies based on the Corpus of Early English Correspondence. Amsterdam: Rodopi.Search in Google Scholar

Nevalainen, Terttu & Helena Raumolin-Brunberg. 2012. Historical sociolinguistics: Origins, motivations, and paradigms. In Juan M. Hernández-Campoy & J. Camilo Conde-Silvestre (eds), The handbook of historical sociolinguistics, 22–40. Malden, MA: Wiley-Blackwell. DOI: 10.1002/9781118257227.ch210.1002/9781118257227.ch2Search in Google Scholar

Nevalainen, Terttu & Helena Raumolin-Brunberg. 2017. Historical sociolinguistics. Language change in Tudor and Stuart England (2nd edn). London: Routledge. DOI: 10.4324/978131547517210.4324/9781315475172Search in Google Scholar

Palander-Collin, Minna. 2010. Correspondence. In Andreas H. Jucker & Irma Taavitsainen (eds), The handbook of historical pragmatics, 651–678. Berlin & New York, NY: Mouton de Gruyter. DOI: 10.1515/9783110214284.7.65110.1515/9783110214284.7.651Search in Google Scholar

Palander-Collin, Minna, Minna Nevala & Arja Nurmi. 2009. The language of daily life in the history of English. Studying how macro meets micro. In Arja Nurmi, Minna Nevala & Minna Palander-Collin (eds), The language of daily life in England (1400–1800), 1–23. Amsterdam & Philadelphia, PA: John Benjamins. DOI: 10.1075/pbns.183.02pal10.1075/pbns.183.02palSearch in Google Scholar

Raumolin-Brunberg, Helena. 1996. Historical sociolinguistics. In Terttu Nevalainen & Helena Raumolin-Brunberg (eds), Sociolinguistics and language history: Studies based on the Corpus of Early English Correspondence, 11–37. Amsterdam: Rodopi.Search in Google Scholar

Reid, Euan. 1978. Social and stylistic variation in the speech of children: Some evidence from Edinburgh. In Peter Trudgill (ed.), Sociolinguistic patterns in British English, 158–171. London: Edward Arnold.Search in Google Scholar

Richmond, Colin. 1996. The Paston family in the fifteenth century. Vol. 2: Fastolf’s will. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.10.1017/CBO9780511582165Search in Google Scholar

Richmond, Colin. 2000. The Paston family in the fifteenth century. Vol. 3: Endings. Manchester: Manchester University Press.Search in Google Scholar

Richmond, Colin. 2002. The Paston family in the fifteenth century. Vol. 1: The first phase (2nd edn). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Search in Google Scholar

Richmond, Colin. 2004. Paston family (per. c. 1420–1504). Oxford dictionary of national biography. Oxford: Oxford University Press. https://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/52791 [Accessed March 27, 2019].Search in Google Scholar

Rickford, John & Penelope Eckert. 2001. Introduction. In Penelope Eckert & John Rickford (eds) Style and sociolinguistic variation, 1–18. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. DOI: 10.1017/CBO9780511613258.00110.1017/CBO9780511613258.001Search in Google Scholar

Rissanen, Matti. 1999. The language of law and the development of standard English. In Irma Taavitsainen, Gunnel Melchers & Päivi Pahta (eds), Writing in non-standard English, 189–204. Amsterdam & Philadelphia, PA: John Benjamins.Search in Google Scholar

Rissanen, Matti. 2000. Standardisation and the language of early statutes. In Laura Wright (ed.), The development of standard English 1300–1800: Theories, descriptions, conflicts, 117–130. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. DOI: 10.1017/CBO9780511551758.00810.1017/CBO9780511551758.008Search in Google Scholar

Romaine, Suzanne. 1978. Postvocalic /r/in Scottish English: Sound change in progress? In Peter Trudgill (ed.), Sociolinguistic patterns in British English, 144–157. London: Edward Arnold.Search in Google Scholar

Romaine, Suzanne. 1982. Socio-historical linguistics. Its status and methodology. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.10.1017/CBO9780511720130Search in Google Scholar

Romaine, Suzanne. 1998. Introduction. In Suzanne Romaine (ed.), The Cambridge history of the English language. Vol. 2: 1776–1997, 1–56. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. DOI: 10.1017/CHOL9780521264778.00210.1017/CHOL9780521264778.002Search in Google Scholar

Sairio, Anni. 2009. Language and letters of the Bluestocking network: Sociolinguistic issues in eighteenth-century epistolary English. Helsinki: Société Néophilologique.Search in Google Scholar

Samuels, Michael Louis. 1963. Some applications of Middle English dialectology. English Studies 44. 81–94. DOI: 10.1080/0013838630859715510.1080/00138386308597155Search in Google Scholar

Schäfer, Ursula. 1996. The late Middle English Paston letters: A grammatical case in point for reconsidering philological methodologies. In Jürgen Klein & Dirk Vanderbeke (eds), Anglistentag 1995 Greifswald, 313–323. Tübingen: Niemeyer.10.1515/9783111714141-028Search in Google Scholar

Schiegg, Markus. 2016. Code-switching in lower-class writing: Autobiographies by patients from southern German psychiatric hospitals (1852–1931). Journal of Historical Sociolinguistics 2(1). 47–81. DOI: 10.1515/jhsl-2016-000310.1515/jhsl-2016-0003Search in Google Scholar

Schneider, Edgar W. 2002. Investigating variation and change in written documents. In Jack K. Chambers, Peter J. Trudgill & Natalie Schilling-Estes (eds), The handbook of language variation and change, 67–96. Oxford: Blackwell. DOI: 10.1002/9780470756591.ch310.1002/9780470756591.ch3Search in Google Scholar

Scragg, Donald G. 1974. A history of English spelling. Manchester: Manchester University Press.Search in Google Scholar

Stenroos, Merja. 2004. Regional dialects and spelling conventions in late Middle English. Searches for (th) in the LALME data. In Marina Dossena & Roger Lass (eds), Methods and data in English historical dialectology, 257–285. Bern: Peter Lang.Search in Google Scholar

Stenroos, Merja. 2006. A Middle English mess of fricative spellings: Reflections on thorn, yogh and their rivals. In Marcin Krygier & Liliana Sikorska (eds), To make his Englissh sweete upon his tonge, 9–36. Frankfurt a. Main: Peter Lang.Search in Google Scholar

Taavitsainen, Irma. 2000. Scientific language and spelling standardisation 1375–1550. In Laura Wright (ed.), The development of standard English 1300–1800: Theories, descriptions, conflicts, 131-154. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.10.1017/CBO9780511551758.009Search in Google Scholar

Tanabe, Harumi. 1999. Composite predicates and phrasal verbs in the Paston Letters. In Laurel J. Brinton & Minoji Akimoto (eds), Collocational and idiomatic aspects of composite predicates in the history of English, 97–132. Amsterdam & Philadelphia, PA: John Benjamins.10.1075/slcs.47.36tanSearch in Google Scholar

Tieken-Boon van Ostade, Ingrid. 2005. Of social networks and linguistic influence: The language of Robert Lowth and his correspondents. International Journal of English Studies 5(1). 135–157.Search in Google Scholar

Tieken-Boon van Ostade, Ingrid. 2006. Eighteenth-century English letters: In search of the vernacular. Linguistica e Filologia 21. 113–146.Search in Google Scholar

Trudgill, Peter. 1974. The social differentiation of English in Norwich. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Search in Google Scholar

Ure, Jean. 1982. Introduction: Approaches to the study of register range. International Journal of the Sociology of Language 35. 5–24. DOI: 10.1515/ijsl.1982.35.510.1515/ijsl.1982.35.5Search in Google Scholar

Voeste, Anja. 2018. The self as a source. A peasant farmer’s letters from prison (1848–1852). Journal of Historical Sociolinguistics 4(1). 97–118. DOI: 10.1515/jhsl-2017-001110.1515/jhsl-2017-0011Search in Google Scholar

Voitl, Herbert 1988. The history of voicing of initial fricatives in Southern England: A case of conflict between regional and social dialect. In Jacek Fisiak (ed.), Historical dialectology: Regional and social, 565–600. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter. DOI: 10.1515/9783110848137.56510.1515/9783110848137.565Search in Google Scholar

Wood, Johanna L. 2007. Text in context: A critical discourse analysis approach to Margaret Paston. In Terttu Nevalainen & Sanna Kaisa Tanskanen (eds), Letter writing, 47–71. Amsterdam & Philadelphia, PA: John Benjamins. DOI: 10.1075/bct.1.05woo10.1075/bct.1.05wooSearch in Google Scholar