Wellens Syndrome: Single Centre Study and Literature Review

1 Marzlin KM. Wellens Syndrome. AACN Adv Crit Care. 2018 Fall;29(3):360–364. doi: 10.4037/aacnacc2018289; PMID: 30185504 MarzlinKM Wellens Syndrome AACN Adv Crit Care 2018 Fall 29 3 360 364 10.4037/aacnacc2018289 PMID: 30185504 30185504 Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

2 Nisbet BC, Zlupko G. Repeat Wellens’ syndrome: case report of critical proximal left anterior descending artery restenosis. J Emerg Med. 2010 Sep;39(3):305–8. doi: 10.1016/j.jemermed.2007.10.043. Epub 2008 Apr 18; PMID: 18394847 NisbetBC ZlupkoG Repeat Wellens’ syndrome: case report of critical proximal left anterior descending artery restenosis J Emerg Med 2010 Sep 39 3 305 8 10.1016/j.jemermed.2007.10.043 Epub 2008 Apr 18; PMID: 18394847 18394847 Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

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4 Stankovic I, Vlahovic-Stipac A, Ilic I, Putnikovic B, Neskovic AN. Aborted myocardial infarction in a patient with rapid progression of Wellens syndrome. J Emerg Med. 2012 Sep;43(3):e181–4. doi: 10.1016/j.jemermed.2011.05.070; Epub 2011 Sep 25. PMID: 21945509 StankovicI Vlahovic-StipacA IlicI PutnikovicB NeskovicAN Aborted myocardial infarction in a patient with rapid progression of Wellens syndrome J Emerg Med 2012 Sep 43 3 e181 4 10.1016/j.jemermed.2011.05.070 Epub 2011 Sep 25. PMID: 21945509 21945509 Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

5 de Zwaan C, Bär FW, Wellens HJ. Characteristic electrocardiographic pattern indicating a critical stenosis high in left anterior descending coronary artery in patients admitted because of impending myocardial infarction. Am Heart J. 1982 Apr;103(4 Pt 2):730–6; doi: 10.1016/0002-8703(82)90480-x. PMID: 6121481 de ZwaanC BärFW WellensHJ Characteristic electrocardiographic pattern indicating a critical stenosis high in left anterior descending coronary artery in patients admitted because of impending myocardial infarction Am Heart J 1982 Apr 103 4 Pt 2 730 6 10.1016/0002-8703(82)90480-x PMID: 6121481 6121481 Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

6 Rhinehardt J, Brady WJ, Perron AD, Mattu A. Electrocardiographic manifestations of Wellens’ syndrome. Am J Emerg Med. 2002 Nov;20(7):638–43. doi: 10.1053/ajem.2002.34800; PMID: 12442245 RhinehardtJ BradyWJ PerronAD MattuA Electrocardiographic manifestations of Wellens’ syndrome Am J Emerg Med 2002 Nov 20 7 638 43 10.1053/ajem.2002.34800 PMID: 12442245 12442245 Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

7 Avram A, Chioncel V, Andrei CL, Sinescu C. Mid term outcomes in Wellens syndrome. Romanian Medical Journal 2021;68(2):221–227. AvramA ChioncelV AndreiCL SinescuC Mid term outcomes in Wellens syndrome Romanian Medical Journal 2021 68 2 221 227 10.37897/RMJ.2021.2.15 Search in Google Scholar

8 Nisbet BC, Zlupko G. Repeat Wellens’ syndrome: case report of critical proximal left anterior descending artery restenosis. J Emerg Med. 2010 Sep;39(3):305–8. doi: 10.1016/j.jemermed.2007.10.043; Epub 2008 Apr 18. PMID: 18394847 NisbetBC ZlupkoG Repeat Wellens’ syndrome: case report of critical proximal left anterior descending artery restenosis J Emerg Med 2010 Sep 39 3 305 8 10.1016/j.jemermed.2007.10.043 Epub 2008 Apr 18. PMID: 18394847 Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

9 Kukla P, Korpak-Wysocka R, Dragan J, Giszterowicz D, Dobrowolski W, Czamara M, Dudek D, Bryniarski L. Rzekomy zespół Wellensa u pacjenta z dławicą naczyniowo–skurczową [Pseudo-Wellens syndrome in a patient with vasospastic angina]. Kardiol Pol. 2011;69(1):79–81; discussion 82. Polish. PMID: 21267975 KuklaP Korpak-WysockaR DraganJ GiszterowiczD DobrowolskiW CzamaraM DudekD BryniarskiL Rzekomy zespół Wellensa u pacjenta z dławicą naczyniowo–skurczową [Pseudo-Wellens syndrome in a patient with vasospastic angina] Kardiol Pol 2011 69 1 79 81 discussion 82. Polish. PMID: 21267975 Search in Google Scholar

10 Co MLF, Das A, Okwuosa T. Pseudo-Wellens syndrome after heavy marijuana use. Cleve Clin J Med. 2017 Aug;84(8):590–591. doi: 10.3949/ccjm.84a.16133; PMID: 28806166 CoMLF DasA OkwuosaT Pseudo-Wellens syndrome after heavy marijuana use Cleve Clin J Med 2017 Aug 84 8 590 591 10.3949/ccjm.84a.16133 PMID: 28806166 28806166 Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

11 Migliore F, Zorzi A, Marra MP, Basso C, Corbetti F, De Lazzari M, Tarantini G, Buja P, Lacognata C, Thiene G, Corrado D, Iliceto S. Myocardial edema underlies dynamic T-wave inversion (Wellens’ ECG pattern) in patients with reversible left ventricular dysfunction. Heart Rhythm. 2011 Oct;8(10):1629–34. doi: 10.1016/j.hrthm.2011.04.035. Epub 2011 May 10. PMID: 21699846 MiglioreF ZorziA MarraMP BassoC CorbettiF De LazzariM TarantiniG BujaP LacognataC ThieneG CorradoD IlicetoS Myocardial edema underlies dynamic T-wave inversion (Wellens’ ECG pattern) in patients with reversible left ventricular dysfunction Heart Rhythm 2011 Oct 8 10 1629 34 10.1016/j.hrthm.2011.04.035 Epub 2011 May 10. PMID: 21699846 21699846 Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

12 Avram A, Chioncel V, Guberna S, Cuciureanu I, Brezeanu RC, Andrei CL, Sinescu C. Myocardial bridging-an unusual cause of Wellens syndrome: A case report. Medicine (Baltimore). 2020 Oct 9;99(41):e22491. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000022491; PMID: 33031283; PMCID: PMC7544376 AvramA ChioncelV GubernaS CuciureanuI BrezeanuRC AndreiCL SinescuC Myocardial bridging-an unusual cause of Wellens syndrome: A case report Medicine (Baltimore) 2020 Oct 9 99 41 e22491 10.1097/MD.0000000000022491 PMID: 33031283; PMCID: PMC7544376 754437633031283 Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

13 Ibarrola M. Wellens’ syndrome and finding of multiple coronary cameral fistulae: Is it time to discard this term? Ann Noninvasive Electrocardiol. 2020 Mar;25(2):e12693. doi: 10.1111/anec.12693; Epub 2019 Sep 9. PMID: 31498501; PMCID: PMC7358787 IbarrolaM Wellens’ syndrome and finding of multiple coronary cameral fistulae: Is it time to discard this term? Ann Noninvasive Electrocardiol 2020 Mar 25 2 e12693 10.1111/anec.12693 Epub 2019 Sep 9. PMID: 31498501; PMCID: PMC7358787 735878731498501 Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

14 Singh M, Harlapur M, Acharya T, Wessel R, Bhullar A, Ambrose J. T wave and QT changes in Takotsubo cardiomyopathy versus Wellens T waves. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2016 Apr;67(13_S):524. SinghM HarlapurM AcharyaT WesselR BhullarA AmbroseJ T wave and QT changes in Takotsubo cardiomyopathy versus Wellens T waves J Am Coll Cardiol 2016 Apr 67 13_S 524 10.1016/S0735-1097(16)30525-3 Search in Google Scholar

15 Chioncel V, Avram A, Sinescu C. A particular case of Wellens’ Syndrome. Med Hypotheses. 2020 Nov;144:110013. doi: 10.1016/j.mehy.2020.110013; Epub 2020 Jun 19. PMID: 32590325 ChioncelV AvramA SinescuC A particular case of Wellens’ Syndrome Med Hypotheses 2020 Nov 144 110013 10.1016/j.mehy.2020.110013 Epub 2020 Jun 19. PMID: 32590325 32590325 Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

16 Driver BE, Shroff GR, Smith SW. Posterior reperfusion T-waves: Wellens’ syndrome of the posterior wall. Emerg Med J. 2017 Feb;34(2):119–123. doi: 10.1136/emermed-2016-205852; Epub 2016 Jul 29. PMID: 27473406 DriverBE ShroffGR SmithSW Posterior reperfusion T-waves: Wellens’ syndrome of the posterior wall Emerg Med J 2017 Feb 34 2 119 123 10.1136/emermed-2016-205852 Epub 2016 Jul 29. PMID: 27473406 27473406 Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

17 de Zwaan C, Bär FW, Janssen JH, Cheriex EC, Dassen WR, Brugada P, Penn OC, Wellens HJ. Angiographic and clinical characteristics of patients with unstable angina showing an ECG pattern indicating critical narrowing of the proximal LAD coronary artery. Am Heart J. 1989 Mar;117(3):657–65. doi: 10.1016/0002-8703(89)90742-4; PMID: 2784024 de ZwaanC BärFW JanssenJH CheriexEC DassenWR BrugadaP PennOC WellensHJ Angiographic and clinical characteristics of patients with unstable angina showing an ECG pattern indicating critical narrowing of the proximal LAD coronary artery Am Heart J 1989 Mar 117 3 657 65 10.1016/0002-8703(89)90742-4 PMID: 2784024 2784024 Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

18 Akhtar P, Rizvi SN, Tahir F, Saleem D, Mulla J, Saghir T. Angiocardiographic findings in patients with biphasic T-wave inversion in precordial leads. J Pak Med Assoc. 2012 Jun;62(6):548–51. PMID: 22755337 AkhtarP RizviSN TahirF SaleemD MullaJ SaghirT Angiocardiographic findings in patients with biphasic T-wave inversion in precordial leads J Pak Med Assoc 2012 Jun 62 6 548 51 PMID: 22755337 Search in Google Scholar

19 Haines DE, Raabe DS, Gundel WD, Wackers FJ. Anatomic and prognostic significance of new T-wave inversion in unstable angina. Am J Cardiol. 1983 Jul;52(1):14–8. doi: 10.1016/0002-9149(83)90061-9; PMID: 6602539 HainesDE RaabeDS GundelWD WackersFJ Anatomic and prognostic significance of new T-wave inversion in unstable angina Am J Cardiol 1983 Jul 52 1 14 8 10.1016/0002-9149(83)90061-9 PMID: 6602539 6602539 Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

20 Kobayashi A, Misumida N, Kanei Y, Fox J. CRT-111 Prevalence and Prognostic Value of Wellens’ Sign in Patients with Non-ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction. JACC: Cardiovascular Interventions Volume 8, Issue 2 Supplement, February 2015. KobayashiA MisumidaN KaneiY FoxJ CRT-111 Prevalence and Prognostic Value of Wellens’ Sign in Patients with Non-ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction JACC: Cardiovascular Interventions 8 2 Supplement February 2015 10.1016/j.jcin.2014.12.041 Search in Google Scholar

21 Bandara H.G.W.A.P.L et al.2018, Echocardiographic and Angiographic Characteristics of Patients With Wellens’ Syndrome Who Underwent Percutaneous Coronary Interventions. Int J Recent Sci Res. 9(6), pp. 27655–27659. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.24327/ijrsr.2018.0906.2305 BandaraH.G.W.A.P.L 2018 Echocardiographic and Angiographic Characteristics of Patients With Wellens’ Syndrome Who Underwent Percutaneous Coronary Interventions Int J Recent Sci Res 9 6 27655 27659 http://dx.doi.org/10.24327/ijrsr.2018.0906.2305 Search in Google Scholar

22 Forselv GC, Vik-Mo H. EKG-forandringer ved akutt koronarsyndrom uten ST-elevasjon [Acute coronary syndrome--ECG-changes without ST-elevation]. Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen. 2007 Sep 6;127(17):2230–2. Norwegian. PMID: 17828316 ForselvGC Vik-MoH EKG-forandringer ved akutt koronarsyndrom uten ST-elevasjon [Acute coronary syndrome--ECG-changes without ST-elevation] Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen 2007 Sep 6 127 17 2230 2 Norwegian PMID: 17828316 Search in Google Scholar

23 Kobayashi A, Misumida N, Aoi S, Kanei Y. Prevalence and Clinical Implication of Wellens’ Sign in Patients With Non-ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction. Cardiol Res. 2019 Jun;10(3):135–141. doi: 10.14740/cr856. Epub 2019 Jun 7. PMID: 31236175; PMCID: PMC6575113 KobayashiA MisumidaN AoiS KaneiY Prevalence and Clinical Implication of Wellens’ Sign in Patients With Non-ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction Cardiol Res 2019 Jun 10 3 135 141 10.14740/cr856 Epub 2019 Jun 7. PMID: 31236175; PMCID: PMC6575113 657511331236175 Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

24 Liu M, Han C, Ke J, Tang W, Tan G, Chen Z, Ye L, Chen J. Wellenoid T-wave is an important indicator for severe coronary artery stenosis. Int J Cardiol. 2016 Apr 15;209:22–3. doi: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2016.02.036. Epub 2016 Feb 3. PMID: 26878468 LiuM HanC KeJ TangW TanG ChenZ YeL ChenJ Wellenoid T-wave is an important indicator for severe coronary artery stenosis Int J Cardiol 2016 Apr 15 209 22 3 10.1016/j.ijcard.2016.02.036 Epub 2016 Feb 3. PMID: 26878468 26878468 Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

25 Alderwish E, Nassour W, Costea A, Smith T, Carrazco C, Usmani S, Hussain H, Viadan S, Rad BS, Seeshore J, Gilyadov B, Chen A, Simmons B, Fernaine G, Kalantari H, Hassen G. Can Wellens’ Sign be used to Predict Significant Proximal Left Anterior Descending Artery Lesion? 31 Mar 2018 Circulation: Cardiovascular Quality and Outcomes. 2013;6:A51. AlderwishE NassourW CosteaA SmithT CarrazcoC UsmaniS HussainH ViadanS RadBS SeeshoreJ GilyadovB ChenA SimmonsB FernaineG KalantariH HassenG Can Wellens’ Sign be used to Predict Significant Proximal Left Anterior Descending Artery Lesion? 31 Mar 2018 Circulation: Cardiovascular Quality and Outcomes 2013 6 A51 10.1161/circoutcomes.6.suppl_1.A51 Search in Google Scholar

26 Bandara H.G.W.A.P.L et al.2018, Echocardiographic and Angiographic Characteristics of Patients With Wellens’ Syndrome Who Underwent Percutaneous Coronary Interventions. Int J Recent Sci Res. 9(6), pp. 27655–27659. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.24327/ijrsr.2018.0906.2305 BandaraH.G.W.A.P.L 2018 Echocardiographic and Angiographic Characteristics of Patients With Wellens’ Syndrome Who Underwent Percutaneous Coronary Interventions Int J Recent Sci Res 9 6 27655 27659 doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.24327/ijrsr.2018.0906.2305 Search in Google Scholar

27 Pandharinath JD, Pandey V. Clinical Profile and angiographic characteristics in patients with Wellens syndrome. Ind J of Research, 2016 Feb;5(2):105–107. PandharinathJD PandeyV Clinical Profile and angiographic characteristics in patients with Wellens syndrome Ind J of Research 2016 Feb 5 2 105 107 Search in Google Scholar