Characteristics of drug-resistant staphylococci isolated from milk of lambed ewes during the perinatal period

Characteristics of Staphylococcus spp_ strains isolated from Polish ewes of the Uhruska (n = 16) and Świniarka (n = 19) breeds

Breed	Species	Number of isolates	MDR	Phenotypic resistance profiles	Resistance and virulence gene profiles
Uhruska	S. aureus	1		R: P10
		1		R: DA2
		1		I: TE30, C30	cat (pC221), tetL
		1	5	R: P10, TE30, C30	cat (pC194)
				I: E15
		1		I: E15	mrs A
		1	3	R: P10
				I: QD15, DA2
		1	3	I: TE30, CIP5, C30	cat (pC221), tetL, tetK
		1	4	I: E15, CN10, TE30, C30	cat (pC221), cat (pC194), tetL, aph(3)-IIIa, seB
		1		R: E15	tetL, erm A, erm B
				I: TE30, DA2,
		1	4	R: FOX30, P10	cat (pC221), cat (pC194), tetL, mecC, aph(3)-IIIa, αcc(6’)-Ie-
				I: CN10, TE30, C30
	S. xylosus	1		R: FOX 30, P10
	S. condimenti	1		R: P10
	S. simulans	1		R: TE30	tetK, tetL, aph(3)-IIIa
		1	3	R: FOX 30, P10, TE30	tetK
				I: DA2
		1	4	R: FOX 30, P10, E15, TE30	mecC, ermB, cat (pC194), tetK, tetL, aph(3)-IIIa, blaZ
				I: DA2
		1		R: TE30	cat (pC194)
Świniarka	S. aureus	4		susceptible
		2		I: DA2
		1		R: P10
		1		R: P10
				I: E15
		1		I: E15
		1	4	I: E15, DA2, TE30, C30	cat (pC221), tetL
		3		R: FOX30, P10
	S. xylosus	1		R: P10	tetM, aph(3)-IIIa, blaZ
		1		R: FOX30, P10	tetM, mecC, aph(3)-IIIa, αcc(6’)-Ie-
		1	4	R: FOX30, P10,TE30	tetM, tetK, mecC, aph(3)-IIIa, msrA
				I: E15, RD5
		1		R: FOX 30, P10, TE30	tetM, tetL, aph(3)-IIIa
	S. lentus	1	5	R: FOX 30, P10, E15, CN10, TE30
				I: DA2
	S. simulans	1	3	R: FOX30, P10, E15
				I: RD5

Phenotypic resistance of Staphylococcus strains isolated from Polish ewes of the Świniarka and Uhruska breeds

Antimicrobial	Staphylococcus spp. n/%
	S. aureus (n = 20)	CoNS (n = 15)	Total
FOX 30*	1/5	11/73.3	12/34.3
C 30*	6/30		6/17.1
CIP 5	1/5		1/6.6
DA 2	6/30	3/20	9/25.7
E15	7/35	4/26.6	11/31.4
CN10	2/10	1/6.6	3/8.5
P10*	6/30	13/86.6	19/54.3
RD 5		2/13.3	2/5.7
QD 15	1/5		1/6.6
TE 30	7/35	7/46.6	14/40

Occurrence of resistance genes in Staphylococcus strains isolated from Polish ewes of the Świniarka and Uhruska breeds

Resistance gene	Staphylococcus spp. %
	S. aureus (n = 20)	CoNS (n = 15)	Total
acc(6’)-Ie-	1/5	1/6.6	2/5.7
aph(3)-IIIa*	2/10	6/40	8/22.8
blaZ		2/13.3	2/5.7
cat (pC194)	3/15	2/13.3	5/14.2
cat (pC221)*	5/25		5/14.2
ermA	1/5		1/6.6
ermB	1/5	1/6.6	2/5.7
mecC	1/5	3/20	4/11.4
msrA	1/5	1/6.6	2/5.7
tetK	1/5	4/26.6	5/14.2
tetL	6/30	3/20	9/25.7
tetM*		4/26.6	4/11.4

Occurrence of resistance genes in Staphylococcus spp_ by sheep breed

Resistance gene	Staphylococcus spp. n/%
	Uhruska (n = 16)	Świniarka (n = 19)	Total
acc(6’)-Ie-	1/6.3	1/5.3	2/5.7
aph(3)-IIIa	4/25	4/21	8/22.8
blaZ	1/6.3	1/5.3	2/5.7
cat (pC194)*	5/31.3		5/14.2
cat (pC221)	4/25	1/5.3	5/14.2
ermA	1/6.3		1/6.6
ermB	2/12.5		2/5.7
mecC	2/12.5	2/10.5	4/11.4
msrA	1/6.3	1/5.3	2/5.7
tetK	4/25	1/5.3	5/14.2
tetL*	7/43.7	2/10.5	9/25.7
tetM		4/21	4/11.4

Occurrence of Staphylococcus species in milk by sheep breed

		Staphylococcus aureus	S. xylosus	S. simulans	S. lentus	S. condimenti
Breed	Uhruska (n = 16)	10	1	4		1
	Świniarka (n = 19)	10	7	1	1
Total (n = 35)		20	8	5	1	1
%*		57.2	22.8	14.3	2.85	2.85

Phenotypic resistance of Staphylococcus strains by sheep breed

Antimicrobial	Staphylococcus spp. n/%
	Uhruska (n = 16)	Świniarka (n = 19)	Total
Cefoxitin	4/25	8/42.1	12/34.3
Chloramphenicol*	5/31.3	1/5.3	6/17.1
Ciprofloxacin	1/6.3		1/6.6
Clindamycin	6/37.5	3/15.8	9/25.7
Erythromycin	5/31.3	6/31.6	11/31.4
Gentamicin	2/12.5	1/5.3	3/8.5
Penicillin	8/50	11/57.8	19/54.3
Rifampicin		2/10.5	2/5.7
Streptogramin	1/6.3		1/6.6
Tetracycline*	10/62.5	4/21	14/40