This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.
Baums C.G., Schotte U., Amtsberg G., Goethe R.: Diagnostic multiplex PCR for toxin genotyping of Clostridium perfringens isolates. Vet Microbiol 2004, 100, 11–16.BaumsC.G.SchotteU.AmtsbergG.GoetheR.Diagnostic multiplex PCR for toxin genotyping of Clostridium perfringens isolatesVet Microbiol2004100111610.1016/S0378-1135(03)00126-3Search in Google Scholar
Böhnel H., Schwagerick B., Gessler F.: Visceral botulism – a new form of bovine Clostridium botulinum toxication. J Vet Med A 2001, 48, 373–383.BöhnelH.SchwagerickB.GesslerF.Visceral botulism – a new form of bovine Clostridium botulinum toxicationJ Vet Med A20014837338310.1046/j.1439-0442.2001.00372.x11554495Search in Google Scholar
Cai Y., Benno Y., Ogawa M., Ohamomo S., Kumai S., Nakase T.: Influence of Lactobacillus spp. from an inoculant and of Weissella and Leuconostoc spp from forage crops on silage fermentation. Appl Environ Microbiol 1998, 64, 2982–2987.CaiY.BennoY.OgawaM.OhamomoS.KumaiS.NakaseT.Influence of Lactobacillus sppfrom an inoculant and of Weissella and Leuconostoc spp from forage crops on silage fermentation. Appl Environ Microbiol1998642982298710.1128/AEM.64.8.2982-2987.19981068039687461Search in Google Scholar
Deprez P.: Clostridium perfringens infections – a diagnostic challenge. Vet Rec 2015, 177, 388–389.DeprezP.Clostridium perfringens infections – a diagnostic challengeVet Rec201517738838910.1136/vr.h542826475898Search in Google Scholar
Doležal P., Pyrochta V., Doležal J.: Effects of chemical preservative and pressing of ensiled sugar-beet pulp on the quality of fermentation process. Czech J Anim Sci 2005, 50, 553–560.DoležalP.PyrochtaV.DoležalJ.Effects of chemical preservative and pressing of ensiled sugar-beet pulp on the quality of fermentation processCzech J Anim Sci20055055356010.17221/4261-CJASSearch in Google Scholar
Goossens E., Valgaeren B.R., Pardon B., Haesebrouck F., Ducatelle R., Deprez P.R., Van Immerseel F.: Rethinking the role of alpha toxin in Clostridium perfringens-associated enteric diseases: a review on bovine necro-haemorrhagic enteritis. Vet Res 2017, 48, 1–17, doi: 10.1186/s13567-017-0413-x.GoossensE.ValgaerenB.R.PardonB.HaesebrouckF.DucatelleR.DeprezP.R.VanImmerseel F.Rethinking the role of alpha toxin in Clostridium perfringens-associated enteric diseases: a review on bovine necro-haemorrhagic enteritisVet Res20174811710.1186/s13567-017-0413-x531446828209206Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
Gross W.B., Smith L.D.: Experimental botulism in gallinaceous birds. Avian Diseases 1971, 15, 716–722.GrossW.B.SmithL.D.Experimental botulism in gallinaceous birdsAvian Diseases19711571672210.2307/1588859Search in Google Scholar
International Organization for Standardization Technical Committee ISO/TC 34/SC9 Microbiology: ISO 7218:2007 Microbiology of food and animal feeding stuffs – General requirements and guidance for microbiological examinations. International Organization for Standardization, Geneva, 2014.International Organization for Standardization Technical Committee ISO/TC 34/SC9 Microbiology: ISO 7218:2007 Microbiology of food and animal feeding stuffs – General requirements and guidance for microbiological examinations. International Organization for StandardizationGeneva2014Search in Google Scholar
Kiu R., Hall L.J.: An update on the human and animal enteric pathogen Clostridium perfringens Emerg Microbes Infect 2018, 7, 1–15, doi: 10.1038/s41426-018-0144-8.KiuR.HallL.J.An update on the human and animal enteric pathogen Clostridium perfringensEmerg Microbes Infect2018711510.1038/s41426-018-0144-8607903430082713Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
Kukier E., Kwiatek K.: Phenotypical and genotypical characterisation of Clostridium perfringens strains isolated from feedingstuffs. Bull Vet Inst Pulawy 2010, 54, 501–511.KukierE.KwiatekK.Phenotypical and genotypical characterisation of Clostridium perfringens strains isolated from feedingstuffsBull Vet Inst Pulawy201054501511Search in Google Scholar
Le Maréchal C., Woudstra C., Fach P.: Botulism. In: Clostridial Diseases of Animals edited by F.A. Uzal, J.G. Songer, J.F. Prescott, M.R. Popoff, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Hoboken, 2016, pp. 303–330.Le MaréchalC.WoudstraC.FachP.BotulismClostridial Diseases of Animalsedited byUzalF.A.SongerJ.G.PrescottJ.F.PopoffM.R.John Wiley & Sons, IncHoboken201630333010.1002/9781118728291.ch26Search in Google Scholar
Lebrun M., Mainil J.G., Linden A.: Cattle enterotoxaemia and Clostridium perfringens description, diagnosis, and prophylaxis. Vet Rec 2010, 167, 13–22.LebrunM.MainilJ.G.LindenA.Cattle enterotoxaemia and Clostridium perfringens description, diagnosis, and prophylaxisVet Rec2010167132210.1136/vr.167.1.1220605954Search in Google Scholar
Mlejnková V., Fröhdeová M., Kalhotka L., Doležal P.: Microbiological quality of experimental silages in combination with the addition of topsoil soil layer and ensiling additives. Acta Univ Agric Silvic Mendel Brun 2014, 62, 1041–1048.MlejnkováV.FröhdeováM.KalhotkaL.DoležalP.Microbiological quality of experimental silages in combination with the addition of topsoil soil layer and ensiling additivesActa Univ Agric Silvic Mendel Brun2014621041104810.11118/actaun201462051041Search in Google Scholar
Moeller R.B. Jr., Puschner B., Walker R.L., Rocke T., Galey F.D., Cullor J.S., Ardans A.A.: Determination of the median toxic dose of type C. botulinum toxin in lactating dairy cows. J Vet Diagn Invest 2003, 15, 523–526.MoellerR.B. Jr.PuschnerB.WalkerR.L.RockeT.GaleyF.D.CullorJ.S.ArdansA.A.Determination of the median toxic dose of type Cbotulinum toxin in lactating dairy cows. J Vet Diagn Invest20031552352610.1177/10406387030150060314667014Search in Google Scholar
Muylaert A., Lebrun M., Duprez J.N., Labrozzo S., Theys H., Taminiau B., Mainil J.: Enterotoxaemia-like syndrome and Clostridium perfringens in veal calves. Vet Rec 2010, 167, 64–65.MuylaertA.LebrunM.DuprezJ.N.LabrozzoS.TheysH.TaminiauB.MainilJ.Enterotoxaemia-like syndrome and Clostridium perfringens in veal calvesVet Rec2010167646510.1136/vr.b486920622207Search in Google Scholar
Myllykoski J., Nevas M., Lindström M., Korkeala H.: The detection and prevalence of Clostridium botulinum in pig intestinal samples. Int J Food Microbiol 2006, 110, 172–177.MyllykoskiJ.NevasM.LindströmM.KorkealaH.The detection and prevalence of Clostridium botulinum in pig intestinal samplesInt J Food Microbiol200611017217710.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2006.04.01716806550Search in Google Scholar
Nakamura K., Kohda T., Umeda K., Yamamoto H., Mukamoto M., Kozaki S.: Characterization of the D/C mosaic neurotoxin produced by Clostridium botulinum associated with bovine botulism in Japan. Vet Microbiol 2010, 140, 147–154.NakamuraK.KohdaT.UmedaK.YamamotoH.MukamotoM.KozakiS.Characterization of the D/C mosaic neurotoxin produced by Clostridium botulinum associated with bovine botulism in JapanVet Microbiol201014014715410.1016/j.vetmic.2009.07.02319720474Search in Google Scholar
Ostling C.E., Lindgren S.E.: Bacteria in manure and on manured and NPK-fertilised silage crops. J Sci Food Agr 1991, 55, 579–588.OstlingC.E.LindgrenS.E.Bacteria in manure and on manured and NPK-fertilised silage cropsJ Sci Food Agr19915557958810.1002/jsfa.2740550409Search in Google Scholar
Polish Committee for Standardization: Polish Standard: PN – R – 64791:1994. Animal feeding stuffs – Requirements and microbiological examinations. Polish Committee for Standardization, Warsaw, 1994.Polish Committee for Standardization: Polish Standard: PN – R – 64791:1994. Animal feeding stuffs – Requirements and microbiological examinations. Polish Committee for StandardizationWarsaw1994Search in Google Scholar
Rammer C., Ostling L., Lingvall P., Lindgren S.: Ensiling of manured crops–effect on fermentation. Grass Forage Sci 1994, 49, 343–351.RammerC.OstlingL.LingvallP.LindgrenS.Ensiling of manured crops–effect on fermentationGrass Forage Sci19944934335110.1111/j.1365-2494.1994.tb02009.xSearch in Google Scholar
Raphael B.H., Andreadis J.D.: Real-time PCR detection of the nontoxic nonhemagglutinin gene as a rapid screening method for bacterial isolates harboring the botulinum neurotoxin (A–G) gene complex. J Microbiol Methods 2007, 71, 343–346.RaphaelB.H.AndreadisJ.D.Real-time PCR detection of the nontoxic nonhemagglutinin gene as a rapid screening method for bacterial isolates harboring the botulinum neurotoxin (A–G) gene complexJ Microbiol Methods20077134334610.1016/j.mimet.2007.09.01617961766Search in Google Scholar
Redondo L.M., Farber M., Venzano A., Jost B.H., Parma Y.R., Fernandez-Miyakawa M.E.: Sudden death syndrome in adult cows associated with Clostridium perfringens type E. Anaerobe 2013, 20, 1–4.RedondoL.M.FarberM.VenzanoA.JostB.H.ParmaY.R.Fernandez-MiyakawaM.E.Sudden death syndrome in adult cows associated with Clostridium perfringens type EAnaerobe2013201410.1016/j.anaerobe.2013.01.00123354004Search in Google Scholar
Relun A., Dorso L., Douart A., Chartier C., Guatteo R., Mazuet C., Popoff M.R., Assié S.: A large outbreak of bovine botulism possibly linked to a massive contamination of grass silage by type D/C Clostridium botulinum spores on a farm with dairy and poultry operations. Epidemiol Infect 2017, 145, 3477–3485.RelunA.DorsoL.DouartA.ChartierC.GuatteoR.MazuetC.PopoffM.R.AssiéS.A large outbreak of bovine botulism possibly linked to a massive contamination of grass silage by type D/C Clostridium botulinum spores on a farm with dairy and poultry operationsEpidemiol Infect20171453477348510.1017/S095026881700238229094676Search in Google Scholar
Seyboldt C., Discher S., Jordan E., Neubauer H., Jensen K.C., Campe A., Kreienbrock L., Scheu T., Wichern A., Gundling F., DoDuc P., Fohler S., Abdulmawjood A., Klein G., Hoedemaker M.: Occurrence of Clostridium botulinum neurotoxin in chronic disease of dairy cows. Vet Microbiol 2015, 177, 398–402.SeyboldtC.DischerS.JordanE.NeubauerH.JensenK.C.CampeA.KreienbrockL.ScheuT.WichernA.GundlingF.DoDucP.FohlerS.AbdulmawjoodA.KleinG.HoedemakerM.Occurrence of Clostridium botulinum neurotoxin in chronic disease of dairy cowsVet Microbiol201517739840210.1016/j.vetmic.2015.03.01225882532Search in Google Scholar
Tabacco E., Piano S., Cavallarin L., Bernardes T.F., Borreani G.: Clostridia spore formation during aerobic deterioration of maize and sorghum silages as influenced by Lactobacillus buchneri and Lactobacillus plantarum inoculants. J Appl Microbiol 2009, 107, 1632–1641.TabaccoE.PianoS.CavallarinL.BernardesT.F.BorreaniG.Clostridia spore formation during aerobic deterioration of maize and sorghum silages as influenced by Lactobacillus buchneri and Lactobacillus plantarum inoculantsJ Appl Microbiol20091071632164110.1111/j.1365-2672.2009.04344.x19457043Search in Google Scholar
