Neither Civic nor Ethnic: Analyzing Right-Wing Politics Using a Theoretical Expansion of Kohn's “Dichotomy of Nationalism”

Adams, Ian. 2011. Political Ideology Today. Manchester: Manchester University Press. AdamsIan 2011 Political Ideology Today Manchester Manchester University Press Search in Google Scholar

Ake, Claude. 1997. “Dangerous Liaisons: The Interface of Globalization and Democracy.” In Democracy's Victory and Crisis, edited by Axel Hadenius, 282–96. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. AkeClaude 1997 “Dangerous Liaisons: The Interface of Globalization and Democracy.” In Democracy's Victory and Crisis edited by HadeniusAxel 282 96 Cambridge Cambridge University Press 10.1017/CBO9780511558832.013 Search in Google Scholar

Bale, Tim, Christoffer Green-Pedersen, Andréa Krouwel, Kurt Richard Luther, and Nick Sitter. 2010. “If You Can’t Beat Them, Join Them? Explaining Social Democratic Responses to the Challenge from the Populist Radical Right in Western Europe.” Political Studies 58 (3): 410–26. BaleTim Green-PedersenChristoffer KrouwelAndréa LutherKurt Richard SitterNick 2010 “If You Can’t Beat Them, Join Them? Explaining Social Democratic Responses to the Challenge from the Populist Radical Right in Western Europe.” Political Studies 58 3 410 26 10.1111/j.1467-9248.2009.00783.x Search in Google Scholar

Bar-On, Tomer. 2018. “The Radical Right and Nationalism.” In The Oxford Handbook of the Radical Right, edited by Jens Rydgern, 17–41. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Bar-OnTomer 2018 “The Radical Right and Nationalism.” In The Oxford Handbook of the Radical Right edited by RydgernJens 17 41 Oxford Oxford University Press 10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190274559.013.2 Search in Google Scholar

Brubaker, Rogers. 1999. “The Manichean Myth: Rethinking the Distinction between ‘Civic’ and ‘Ethnic’ Nationalism.” In Nation and National Identity: The European Experience in Perspective, edited by Kriesi Haspeter, Klaus Armingeon, Hannes Siegrist, and Andreas Wimmer, 55–71. Zurich: Ruegger. BrubakerRogers 1999 “The Manichean Myth: Rethinking the Distinction between ‘Civic’ and ‘Ethnic’ Nationalism.” In Nation and National Identity: The European Experience in Perspective edited by HaspeterKriesi ArmingeonKlaus SiegristHannes WimmerAndreas 55 71 Zurich Ruegger Search in Google Scholar

Carvalho, Joao. 2016. “The Impact of Extreme-Right Parties on Immigration Policy in Italy and France in the Early 2000s.” Comparative European Politics 14 (5): 663–85. CarvalhoJoao 2016 “The Impact of Extreme-Right Parties on Immigration Policy in Italy and France in the Early 2000s.” Comparative European Politics 14 5 663 85 10.1057/cep.2014.47 Search in Google Scholar

Copsey, Nick. 2018. “The Radical Right and Fascism.” In The Oxford Handbook of the Radical Right, edited by Jens Rydgern, 105–21. Oxford: Oxford University Press. CopseyNick 2018 “The Radical Right and Fascism.” In The Oxford Handbook of the Radical Right edited by RydgernJens 105 21 Oxford Oxford University Press 10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190274559.013.6 Search in Google Scholar

Downs, William. M. 2002. “How Effective Is the Cordon Sanitaire? Lessons from Efforts to Contain the Far Right in Belgium, France, Denmark and Norway.” Journal für Konfliktund Gewaltforschung 4 (1): 32–51. DownsWilliam. M 2002 “How Effective Is the Cordon Sanitaire? Lessons from Efforts to Contain the Far Right in Belgium, France, Denmark and Norway.” Journal für Konfliktund Gewaltforschung 4 1 32 51 Search in Google Scholar

Duerr, Glen. M. 2012. “Talking with Nationalists and Patriots: An Examination of Ethnic and Civic Approaches to Nationalism and Their Outcomes in Quebec and Flanders.” PhD diss., Kent State University. DuerrGlen. M 2012 “Talking with Nationalists and Patriots: An Examination of Ethnic and Civic Approaches to Nationalism and Their Outcomes in Quebec and Flanders.” PhD diss., Kent State University Search in Google Scholar

Eger, Maureen. A., and Sarah Valdez. 2014. “Neo-Nationalism in Western Europe.” European Sociological Review 31 (1): 115–30. EgerMaureen. A. ValdezSarah 2014 “Neo-Nationalism in Western Europe.” European Sociological Review 31 1 115 30 10.1093/esr/jcu087 Search in Google Scholar

Griffin, Roger. (1993) 2003. “Nationalism.” In Contemporary Political Ideologies, edited by Roger. Eatwell. New York: Continuum: 152–79. GriffinRoger (1993) 2003 “Nationalism.” In Contemporary Political Ideologies edited by EatwellRoger New York Continuum 152 79 10.4324/9780429038839-7 Search in Google Scholar

Huntington, Samuel. P. 1999. “Robust Nationalism.” National Interest 58:31–40. HuntingtonSamuel. P. 1999 “Robust Nationalism.” National Interest 58 31 40 Search in Google Scholar

Halikiopoulou, Daphne., Kyriaki. Nanou, and Sofia. Vasilopoulou. 2012. “The Paradox of Nationalism: The Common Denominator of Radical Right and Radical Left Euroscepticism.” European Journal of Political Research 51 (4): 504–39. HalikiopoulouDaphne. NanouKyriaki VasilopoulouSofia 2012 “The Paradox of Nationalism: The Common Denominator of Radical Right and Radical Left Euroscepticism.” European Journal of Political Research 51 4 504 39 10.1111/j.1475-6765.2011.02050.x Search in Google Scholar

Joppke, Christian. 2003. “Citizenship between De- and Re-Ethnicization.” European Journal of Sociology 44 (3): 429–58. JoppkeChristian 2003 “Citizenship between De- and Re-Ethnicization.” European Journal of Sociology 44 3 429 58 10.1057/9781403984678_4 Search in Google Scholar

Kallis, Aristotle. 2013. “Far-Right ‘Contagion’ or a Failing ‘Mainstream’? How Dangerous Ideas Cross Borders and Blur Boundaries.” Democracy and Security 9 (3): 221–46. KallisAristotle 2013 “Far-Right ‘Contagion’ or a Failing ‘Mainstream’? How Dangerous Ideas Cross Borders and Blur Boundaries.” Democracy and Security 9 3 221 46 10.1080/17419166.2013.792251 Search in Google Scholar

Kemmelmeier, Markus., and David. G. Winter. 2008. “Sowing Patriotism, but Reaping Nationalism? Consequences of Exposure to the American Flag.” Political Psychology 29 (6): 859–79. KemmelmeierMarkus WinterDavid. G. 2008 “Sowing Patriotism, but Reaping Nationalism? Consequences of Exposure to the American Flag.” Political Psychology 29 6 859 79 10.1111/j.1467-9221.2008.00670.x Search in Google Scholar

Kitschelt, Herbert. 2018. “Party Systems and Radical-Right Wing Parties.” In The Oxford Handbook of the Radical Right, edited by Jens Rydgern, 166–99. Oxford: Oxford University Press. KitscheltHerbert 2018 “Party Systems and Radical-Right Wing Parties.” In The Oxford Handbook of the Radical Right edited by RydgernJens 166 99 Oxford Oxford University Press 10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190274559.013.9 Search in Google Scholar

Kohn, Hans. 1944. The Idea of Nationalism: A Study in Its Origins and Background. New York: Macmillan. KohnHans 1944 The Idea of Nationalism: A Study in Its Origins and Background New York Macmillan 10.2307/1843571 Search in Google Scholar

Kuzio, Taras. 2002. “The Myth of the Civic State: A Critical Survey of Hans Kohn's Framework for Understanding Nationalism.” Ethnic and Racial Studies 25 (1): 20–39. KuzioTaras 2002 “The Myth of the Civic State: A Critical Survey of Hans Kohn's Framework for Understanding Nationalism.” Ethnic and Racial Studies 25 1 20 39 10.1080/01419870120112049 Search in Google Scholar

Langenbacher, Nora., and Britta. Schellenberg. 2011. “Introduction: An Anthology about the Manifestations and Development of the Radical Right in Europe.” In Is Europe on the “Right” Path?, edited by Nora Langenbacher and Britta Schellenberg, 11–25. Bonn, Ger.: Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung. LangenbacherNora SchellenbergBritta 2011 “Introduction: An Anthology about the Manifestations and Development of the Radical Right in Europe.” In Is Europe on the “Right” Path? edited by LangenbacherNora SchellenbergBritta 11 25 Bonn, Ger. Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung Search in Google Scholar

Minkenberg, Michael. 2011. “The Radical Right in Europe Today: Trends and Patterns in East and West.” In Is Europe on the “Right” Path?, edited by Nora Langenbacher and Britta Schellenberg, 37–55. Bonn, Ger.: Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung. MinkenbergMichael 2011 “The Radical Right in Europe Today: Trends and Patterns in East and West.” In Is Europe on the “Right” Path? edited by LangenbacherNora SchellenbergBritta 37 55 Bonn, Ger. Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung Search in Google Scholar

Mondon, Aurelien. 2015. “The French Secular Hypocrisy, the Extreme Right, the Republic and the Battle for Hegemony.” Patterns of Prejudice 49 (4): 392–413. MondonAurelien 2015 “The French Secular Hypocrisy, the Extreme Right, the Republic and the Battle for Hegemony.” Patterns of Prejudice 49 4 392 413 10.1080/0031322X.2015.1069063 Search in Google Scholar

Mudde, Cass. 2000. The Ideology of the Extreme Right. Manchester: Manchester University Press. MuddeCass 2000 The Ideology of the Extreme Right Manchester Manchester University Press Search in Google Scholar

Mudde, Cass. 2007. Populist Radical Right Parties in Europe. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. MuddeCass 2007 Populist Radical Right Parties in Europe Cambridge Cambridge University Press 10.1017/CBO9780511492037 Search in Google Scholar

Mudde, Cass. 2013. “Three Decades of Populist Radical Right Parties in Western Europe: So What?” European Journal of Political Research 52 (1): 1–19. MuddeCass 2013 “Three Decades of Populist Radical Right Parties in Western Europe: So What?” European Journal of Political Research 52 1 1 19 10.1111/j.1475-6765.2012.02065.x Search in Google Scholar

Müller, Jan-Werner. 2006. “Comprehending Conservatism: A New Framework for Analysis.” Journal of Political Ideologies 11 (3): 359–65. MüllerJan-Werner 2006 “Comprehending Conservatism: A New Framework for Analysis.” Journal of Political Ideologies 11 3 359 65 10.1080/13569310600924012 Search in Google Scholar

Nakamura, David., Seung. M. Kim, and James. McAuley. 2018. “Macron Denounces Nationalism as a ‘Betrayal of Patriotism’ in Rebuke to Trump at WWI Remembrance.” Washington Post, November 11, 2018. https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/europe/to-mark-end-of-world-war-i-frances-macron-denounces-nationalism-as-a-betrayal-of-patriotism/2018/11/11/aab65aa4-e1ec-11e8-ba30-a7ded04d8fac_story.html? NakamuraDavid KimSeung. M. McAuleyJames 2018 “Macron Denounces Nationalism as a ‘Betrayal of Patriotism’ in Rebuke to Trump at WWI Remembrance.” Washington Post November 11, 2018. https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/europe/to-mark-end-of-world-war-i-frances-macron-denounces-nationalism-as-a-betrayal-of-patriotism/2018/11/11/aab65aa4-e1ec-11e8-ba30-a7ded04d8fac_story.html? Search in Google Scholar

Pianko, Noam. 2010. “Did Kohn Believe in the ‘Kohn Dichotomy’? Reconsidering Kohn's Journey from the Political Idea of Judaism to the Idea of Nationalism.” Leo Baeck Institute Yearbook 55 (1): 295–311. PiankoNoam 2010 “Did Kohn Believe in the ‘Kohn Dichotomy’? Reconsidering Kohn's Journey from the Political Idea of Judaism to the Idea of Nationalism.” Leo Baeck Institute Yearbook 55 1 295 311 10.1093/lbyb/ybq039 Search in Google Scholar

Polyakova, Alina. 2015. “The Backward East? Explaining Differences in Support for Radical Right Parties in Western and Eastern Europe.” Journal of Comparative Politics 8 (1): 49–74. PolyakovaAlina 2015 “The Backward East? Explaining Differences in Support for Radical Right Parties in Western and Eastern Europe.” Journal of Comparative Politics 8 1 49 74 Search in Google Scholar

Primoratz, Igor. 2017. “Patriotism.” Edited by N. Zalta. The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Summer 2017 Edition). https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/sum2017/entries/patriotism/. PrimoratzIgor 2017 “Patriotism.” Edited by ZaltaN. The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Summer 2017 Edition) https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/sum2017/entries/patriotism/. 10.4324/9781315599724 Search in Google Scholar

Resnick, Paul. 1997. Twenty-First Century Democracy. Montreal: McGill-Queen University Press. ResnickPaul 1997 Twenty-First Century Democracy Montreal McGill-Queen University Press Search in Google Scholar

Ricci, David. 2009. “Political Science and Conservative Ideas: The American Case’.” Journal of Political Ideologies 14 (1): 155–71. RicciDavid 2009 “Political Science and Conservative Ideas: The American Case’.” Journal of Political Ideologies 14 1 155 71 10.1080/13569310902925733 Search in Google Scholar

Rydgren, Jens. 2017. “Radical Right-Wing Parties in Europe.” Journal of Language and Politics 16 (4): 485–96. RydgrenJens 2017 “Radical Right-Wing Parties in Europe.” Journal of Language and Politics 16 4 485 96 10.1075/jlp.17024.ryd Search in Google Scholar

Scruton, Roger. 2014. How to Be a Conservative. London: Bloomsbury, 2014. ScrutonRoger 2014 How to Be a Conservative London Bloomsbury 2014. Search in Google Scholar

Shulman, Stephen. 2002. “Challenging the Civic/Ethnic and West/East Dichotomies in the Study of Nationalism.” Comparative Political Studies 35 (5): 554–85. ShulmanStephen 2002 “Challenging the Civic/Ethnic and West/East Dichotomies in the Study of Nationalism.” Comparative Political Studies 35 5 554 85 10.1177/0010414002035005003 Search in Google Scholar

van Spanje, Joost. 2010. “Contagious Parties Anti-immigration Parties and Their Impact on Other Parties’ Immigration Stances in Contemporary Western Europe.” Party Politics 16 (3): 563–86. van SpanjeJoost 2010 “Contagious Parties Anti-immigration Parties and Their Impact on Other Parties’ Immigration Stances in Contemporary Western Europe.” Party Politics 16 3 563 86 10.1177/1354068809346002 Search in Google Scholar

Spencer Philip., and Howard. Wollman. 2002. Nationalism: A Critical Introduction. London: SAGE. PhilipSpencer WollmanHoward 2002 Nationalism: A Critical Introduction London SAGE 10.4135/9781446216231 Search in Google Scholar

Sternhell, Zeev., Mario. Sznajder, and Maia. Asheri. 1994. The Birth of Fascist Ideology: From Cultural Rebellion to Political Revolution. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press. SternhellZeev SznajderMario AsheriMaia 1994 The Birth of Fascist Ideology: From Cultural Rebellion to Political Revolution Princeton, NJ Princeton University Press Search in Google Scholar

Stilz, Anna. 2009. “Civic Nationalism and Language Policy.” Philosophy & Public Affairs 37 (3): 257–92. StilzAnna 2009 “Civic Nationalism and Language Policy.” Philosophy & Public Affairs 37 3 257 92 10.1111/j.1088-4963.2009.01160.x Search in Google Scholar

Szporluk, Roman. 1988. Communism and Nationalism: Karl Marx versus Friedrich List. Oxford: Oxford University Press. SzporlukRoman 1988 Communism and Nationalism: Karl Marx versus Friedrich List Oxford Oxford University Press Search in Google Scholar

Weber, Max. (1922) 1968. Economy and Society. New York: Bedminster. WeberMax (1922) 1968 Economy and Society New York Bedminster 10.4159/9780674240827 Search in Google Scholar