Turkey |
EEP |
Aspergillus versicolor Penicillium aurantiogriseum (isolated from Turkish cheese) |
Percentage of mycelium growth inhibition |
Agar medium dilution method |
Mycelium growth inhibition (%)EEP concentration 10%: 100% inhibition on all the samples and the 2 strainsEEP concentration 5%: >30% inhibitionEEP concentration 1%: >15% inhibition |
[36] |
Hamaraya, Ethiopia |
EEP |
Fusarium sp.Aspergillus niger (isolated from avocado) |
Relative inhibition of mycelium growth |
Agar medium dilution method |
Significant inhibition at a concentration of 10 mg mL−1 for Aspergillus niger and Fusarium sp. |
[30] |
5 different regions of Turkey |
MEP |
Alternaria alternataFusarium oxysporum |
Percentage of mycelium growth inhibition |
Agar medium dilution method |
Mycelium growth inhibition (%) as of D+3F. oxysporum: 100% for 2 regions (at 2% and 5% concentration) >52% for the 3 others (from a 2% concentration)A. alternata. 100% for 2 regions at a 5% concentration |
[25] |
Temuco, Chile |
EEP |
Alternaria alternata Fusarium sp. Botrytis cinerea Penicillium expansum |
Percentage of mycelium growth inhibition |
Agar medium dilution method |
100% inhibition for all the fungi at an EEP concentration = 2.5% except for B.cinerea = at 5%Inhibition still better than with the chemical fungicide |
[45] |
Baoding County, Hebei Province, China |
EEPP-FrE-FrB-FrW-Fr |
Penicillium italicum (isolated from citrus blue mould) |
Percentage of mycelium growth inhibition |
Agar medium dilution method |
Mycelium growth inhibition (%)EEP extract (1200 mg L−1): 93.20%P-Fr extract (200 mg L−1): 35.40%E-Fr extract (200 mg L−1): 100%B-Fr extract (200 mg L−1): 25%W-Fr extract (200 mg L−1): 6.82% |
[46] |
Medellin, Antioquia, Colombia |
EPEMCH2Cl2EtOAcMeOH |
Colletotrichum gloeosporioides (isolated from papaya (Carica papaya) and mango (Mangifera indica))Botryodiplodia theobromae (isolated from avocado, Persea americana) |
Percentage of mycelium growth inhibition |
Agar medium dilution method |
Mycelium growth inhibition (%) on C. gloeosporioides (mango), C. gloeosporioides (papaya), B. theobromae, respectivelyEPEM extract: 39.8%, 26.1%, 29%CH2Cl2 extract: 47.6%, 38.1, 23.5%EtOAc extract: 6.5%, 11.6%, 5.7%MeOH extract: 9.9%, 5.2%, 4.9% |
[49] |
Sao Paulo, Brazil |
EEP |
Colletotrichum gloeosporioides |
Percentage of mycelium growth inhibition |
Agar medium dilution method |
Mycelium growth inhibition (%)EEP concentration 2.5%: total inhibitionEEP concentration 0.5/1.0/1.5/2.0%: partial inhibition |
[4] |
China |
EEP |
Colletotrichum capsici (isolated from capsicum) |
Percentage of mycelium growth inhibition |
Agar medium dilution method |
Mycelium growth inhibition (%)EEP concentration 0.25%: 66.1% inhibitionEEP concentration 0.50%: 84.3% inhibitionEEP concentration 0.75%: 89% inhibition |
[64] |
Tehran-Khojir, northern Iran |
EEP |
Aspergillus niger |
Determination of MIC value |
Liquid medium dilution method |
MIC value (μg mL−1)Aspergillus niger: 500 |
[44] |
El-Aslogy, Zagazig, Egypt |
EEP |
Aspergillus flavus (isolated from pealed peanut seed) |
Percentage of spore germination |
Liquid medium dilution method |
For EEP concentrations varying from 3 to 4g L−1: 56 to 76% reduction in spore germination percentage |
[57] |
San Juan province, Argentina |
EEP |
Aspergillus flavusApsergillus niger |
Determination of MIC value |
Liquid medium dilution method |
Species of the genus Aspergillus are not susceptible to extracts of urban propolis (MIC > 250 μg mL−1) |
[58] |
‘El Siambon’ Tucuman, Argentina |
PPPE |
Aspergillus niger (isolated from citrus)Fusarium sp. Penicillium notatum |
Determination of MIC value |
Liquid medium dilution method |
MIC value (μg mL−1)Aspergillus niger: 232 ± 0.12Fusarium sp. (20), (21), (22) : 349 ± 0.15, 310 ± 0.10, 194 ± 0.10Penicillium notatum: 349 ± 0.14 |
[33] |
Sao Paulo, Brazil |
EEP |
Colletotrichum gloeosporioides |
Percentage of spore germination inhibition |
Liquid medium dilution method |
Spore germination inhibition (%)EEP concentration 0.5%: 1.78% inhibitionEEP concentration 1.0%: 47.3% inhibitionEEP concentration 1.5%: 96.4% inhibitionEEP concentration 2.0%: 100% inhibitionEEP concentration 2.5%: 100% inhibition |
[4] |
‘El Siambon’ Tucuman, Argentina |
PPPE |
Aspergillus niger (isolated from citrus)Fusarium sp. Penicillium notatum |
Percentage of mycelium growth inhibition |
Paper disc diffusion method |
Mycelium growth inhibition (%)Aspergillus niger: 60.4 ± 0.04Fusarium sp. (20), (21), (22): 63.1 ± 0.03, 59.9 ± 0.03, 59.1 ± 0.04Penicillium notatum: 44.6 ± 0.05 |
[33] |
‘El Siambon’ Tucuman, Argentina |
PPPE |
Aspergillus niger (isolated from citrus)Fusarium sp. Penicillium notatum |
Compounds displaying activity potential |
TLC bioautography |
Discovery of phenolic compounds |
[33] |
Baoding County, Hebei Province, China |
EEPP-FrE-FrB-FrW-Fr |
Penicillium italicum (isolated from citrus blue mould) |
Compounds displaying activity potential |
TLC bioautography |
Identification: pinobanksin, pinocembrin, chrysin, galangin |
[46] |