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Tree-ring reconstruction of June-July mean temperatures in the northern Daxing’an Mountains, China

Yangao Jiang
Yangao Jiang
, 
Yu Wang
Yu Wang
, 
Junhui Zhang
Junhui Zhang
, 
Shijie Han
Shijie Han
, 
Cassius E.O. Coombs
Cassius E.O. Coombs
, 
Maricely Escobedo
Maricely Escobedo
, 
Junwei Wang
Junwei Wang
, 
Xiaoguang Wang
Xiaoguang Wang
, 
Lin Hao
Lin Hao
, 
Guode Li
Guode Li
, 
Yijiang Tong
Yijiang Tong
, 
Yue Gu
Yue Gu
, 
Shengzhong Dong
Shengzhong Dong
, 
Haisheng He
Haisheng He
 et 
Jingyu Yang
Jingyu Yang
   | 17 juil. 2020
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Article Category: Regular Articles
Publié en ligne: 17 juil. 2020
Pages: 13 - 22
Reçu: 04 sept. 2018
Accepté: 09 sept. 2019
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/geochr-2020-0007
Mots clés
© 2018 Y. Jiang., publised by sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

Fig. 1

Location of the sampling site (MG). Northern Greater Higgnan Mountains (HGHM) (Zhang et al., 2013), Inner Mongolia (IM) (Zhang et al., 2011) and Hulunbuir (HLBE) (Shi et al., 2015) were u asterisk sed for comparison. The cities TH(Tahe), NJ (Nenjiang), NH(Nehe), QQHE(Qiqihar), MX(Maoxing) and HEB (Haerbin) were marked with asterisk.
Location of the sampling site (MG). Northern Greater Higgnan Mountains (HGHM) (Zhang et al., 2013), Inner Mongolia (IM) (Zhang et al., 2011) and Hulunbuir (HLBE) (Shi et al., 2015) were u asterisk sed for comparison. The cities TH(Tahe), NJ (Nenjiang), NH(Nehe), QQHE(Qiqihar), MX(Maoxing) and HEB (Haerbin) were marked with asterisk.

Fig. 2

Correlation coefficients between the monthly climate variables and tree-ring indices for 1959–2014.
Correlation coefficients between the monthly climate variables and tree-ring indices for 1959–2014.

Fig. 3

Scatter plot of the tree-ring width index and the averaged Tmean6–7 from June to July (1959–2014).
Scatter plot of the tree-ring width index and the averaged Tmean6–7 from June to July (1959–2014).

Fig. 4

(A) Comparison of actual and reconstructed Tmean6–7 from 1959 to 2014 and (B) the reconstructed June-July temperature series since 1880. The smoothed line indicates the 11-year moving average, and red dots represent drought events, blue dots represent flood events.
(A) Comparison of actual and reconstructed Tmean6–7 from 1959 to 2014 and (B) the reconstructed June-July temperature series since 1880. The smoothed line indicates the 11-year moving average, and red dots represent drought events, blue dots represent flood events.

Fig. 5

Mean monthly temperature (in °C) and total precipitation (in mm) at Mangui (MG) in the northern Daxing’an Mountains (AD 1959–2014) based on interpolated values from 164 climate stations.
Mean monthly temperature (in °C) and total precipitation (in mm) at Mangui (MG) in the northern Daxing’an Mountains (AD 1959–2014) based on interpolated values from 164 climate stations.

Fig. 6

Comparison of June–July mean temperature reconstruction in MG with other tree-ring proxies from surrounding areas: (a) June–July maximum temperature reconstruction in this study; (b) May– September temperature reconstruction in Inner Mongolia (Zhang et al., 2011); (c) May–October temperature reconstruction in northern Greater Higgnan Mountains, China (Zhang et al., 2013); (d) Annual PDSI reconstruction from tree-ring of Mongolian pine in Hulunbuir, Northeast China (Shi et al., 2015). The gray areas mean the common warm/cold periods.
Comparison of June–July mean temperature reconstruction in MG with other tree-ring proxies from surrounding areas: (a) June–July maximum temperature reconstruction in this study; (b) May– September temperature reconstruction in Inner Mongolia (Zhang et al., 2011); (c) May–October temperature reconstruction in northern Greater Higgnan Mountains, China (Zhang et al., 2013); (d) Annual PDSI reconstruction from tree-ring of Mongolian pine in Hulunbuir, Northeast China (Shi et al., 2015). The gray areas mean the common warm/cold periods.

Fig. 7

Spatial correlation of (A) instrumental and (B) reconstructed June–July temperatures with regional gridded June–July temperatures during the period 1959–2014. The asterisk mark in is the sampling position.
Spatial correlation of (A) instrumental and (B) reconstructed June–July temperatures with regional gridded June–July temperatures during the period 1959–2014. The asterisk mark in is the sampling position.

Fig. 8

The power spectrum analyses of reconstructed June–July mean temperature.
The power spectrum analyses of reconstructed June–July mean temperature.

Fig. 9

Spatial correlation for the reconstruction with June–July averaged HadlSST1 SST during the period of 1880–2014.
Spatial correlation for the reconstruction with June–July averaged HadlSST1 SST during the period of 1880–2014.

Statistical features of STD chronology.

StatisticSTD
Mean sensitivity0.23
Standard deviation0.26
First order autocorrelation0.60
Mean correlation within trees0.60
Variance in first eigenvector (%)42.0
Signal-to-noise ratio (SNR)27.6
Mean ring width (mm)1.16
Expressed population signal (EPS)0.91
First year where SSS>0.85 (number of trees)1880 (3)

Statistics of calibration and verification test for the common period of 1959–2014.

CalibrationRR2VerificationRReduction of errorCoefficient of efficiencySign testProduct means test
Whole section 1959-20140.66

Significant at the 0.05 level

0.436

Significant at the 0.05 level

Front section 1959-19830.53

Significant at the 0.05 level

0.28

Significant at the 0.05 level

Back section 1984–20140.71

Significant at the 0.05 level

0.61

Significant at the 0.05 level

0.35

Significant at the 0.05 level

(26+ /5-)

Significant at the 0.05 level

2.8

Significant at the 0.05 level

Back section 1984-20140.71

Significant at the 0.05 level

0.50

Significant at the 0.05 level

Front section 1959–19840.53

Significant at the 0.05 level

0.61

Significant at the 0.05 level

0.43

Significant at the 0.05 level

(21+ / 5-)

Significant at the 0.05 level

3.3

Significant at the 0.05 level

The dry/wet years of the reconstructed temperature for the Mangui (MG) region in comparison with historical documents (Wen and Sun, 2007).

Dry and wet yearsShort description of weather or related events
1883Heilongjiang: Severe drought occurred in 27 regions in summer, such as Qiqihar, Haerbin, Moergen (now Nenjiang), Maoxing, Ningguta, etc.
1885Heilongjiang: Drought occurred in summer, such as Heilongjiang city, Moergen (now Nenjiang), Qiqihar, Sanxing (now Yilan), Ningguta, etc.
1886Heilongjiang: Drought occurred in summer, such as Heilongjiang City, Qiqihar, Moergen (now Nenjiang), Maoxing, Ningguta, etc.
1919Heilongjiang: Drought occurred in summer, such as Haerbin, Tonghe, Qiqihar, Xibuteha (now Zhalantun), Nehe, Anda, Zhaozhou, etc.
1939Heilongjiang: Severe drought occurred in Jiamusi in summer.
1954Heilongjiang: Drought occurred in summer, such as, Nenjiang, Shangzhi, Tieli, Suiling, Hailun, Nenjiang, etc.
1888Heilongjiang: Flooding disaster occurred in 27 regions in summer, such as Qiqihar, Moergen (now Nenjiang), Maoxing, etc.
1892Heilongjiang: Flooding disaster occurred in 20 regions in summer, such as Qiqihar, Maoxing, Wuchang, etc.
1895Heilongjiang: Flooding disaster occurred in summer, such as Heilongjiang City, Hulan, Boduna, Haerbin, etc.
1932Heilongjiang: Severe flooding disaster occurred in summer, such as Zhanlantun, Qiqihar, Haerbin, Tahe, Zhaodong, Dongning, etc.
1934Heilongjiang: Flooding disaster occurred in summer, such as Anda, Qiqihar, Haerbin, Nenjiang, Hulan, etc.

Rank of years of warm/cold reconstructed mean temperature from June to July (Tmean6–7).

RankWarm yearTmax6-7 RECHT89 (°C)Cold yearTmax6-7
1200817.28188812.66
2200316.85189313.21
3201216.67190213.22
4199416.65193213.33
5201416.59189813.42
6195416.46188013.60
7201116.43199113.62
8200416.38193413.72
9188616.36188213.73
10188516.28189213.81
11197516.26197813.91
12196716.15189113.94
13191916.14189514.04
14188316.13195814.05
15200116.11189014.05
16200516.09192714.10
17193916.07190014.15
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