Social intelligence, empathy, and self-esteem among undergraduate nursing students: a correlational study

1. Goleman D. Working with Emotional Intelligence. NY: Bantam Books; 1998. Goleman D. Working with Emotional Intelligence . NY : Bantam Books ; 1998 . Search in Google Scholar

2. Özdemir N, Adızgüzel V. The relationship between social intelligence, self-esteem and resilience in healthcare professionals and the affecting factors. J Psychiatr Nurs. 2021;12:18–28. Özdemir N Adızgüzel V. The relationship between social intelligence, self-esteem and resilience in healthcare professionals and the affecting factors. J Psychiatr Nurs . 2021 ; 12 : 18 – 28 . Search in Google Scholar

3. Zautra EK, Zautra AJ, Gallardo CE, Velasco L. Can we learn to treat one another better? A test of a social intelligence curriculum. PLoS One. 2015;10:e0128638. Zautra EK Zautra AJ Gallardo CE Velasco L. Can we learn to treat one another better? A test of a social intelligence curriculum . PLoS One . 2015 ; 10 : e0128638 . Search in Google Scholar

4. Rogers S, Redley B, Rawson H. Developing work readiness in graduate nurses undertaking transition to practice programs: an integrative review. Nurse Educ Today. 2021;105:105034. Rogers S Redley B Rawson H. Developing work readiness in graduate nurses undertaking transition to practice programs: an integrative review . Nurse Educ Today . 2021 ; 105 : 105034 . Search in Google Scholar

5. Jolliffe D, Farrington DP. Development and validation of the Basic Empathy Scale. J Adolesc. 2006;29:589–611. Jolliffe D Farrington DP. Development and validation of the Basic Empathy Scale . J Adolesc . 2006 ; 29 : 589 – 611 . Search in Google Scholar

6. Suh WW, Cho SH, Yoo JY, et al. Relationship between psychological correlates and empathy in medical students: a cross-sectional study. Psychiatry Investig. 2019;16:766–772. Suh WW Cho SH Yoo JY Relationship between psychological correlates and empathy in medical students: a cross-sectional study . Psychiatry Investig . 2019 ; 16 : 766 – 772 . Search in Google Scholar

7. Fields SK, Mahan P, Tillman P, Harris J, Maxwell K, Hojat M. Measuring empathy in healthcare professions students using the Jefferson Scale of Physician Empathy: health provider-student version. J Interprof Care. 2011;25:287–293. Fields SK Mahan P Tillman P Harris J Maxwell K Hojat M. Measuring empathy in healthcare professions students using the Jefferson Scale of Physician Empathy: health provider-student version . J Interprof Care . 2011 ; 25 : 287 – 293 . Search in Google Scholar

8. McKenna L, Boyle M, Brown T, et al. Levels of empathy in undergraduate nursing students. Inter J. Nurs Prac. 2012;18:246–251. McKenna L Boyle M Brown T Levels of empathy in undergraduate nursing students . Inter J. Nurs Prac . 2012 ; 18 : 246 – 251 . Search in Google Scholar

9. Ouzouni C, Nakakis K. An exploratory study of student nurses’ empathy. Health Sci J. 2012; 6:534. Ouzouni C Nakakis K. An exploratory study of student nurses’ empathy . Health Sci J . 2012 ; 6 : 534 . Search in Google Scholar

10. Huang L, Thai J, Zhong Y, Peng H, Koran J, Zhao XD. The positive association between empathy and self-esteem in Chinese medical students: a multi-institutional study. Front Psychol. 2019;10:1921. Huang L Thai J Zhong Y Peng H Koran J Zhao XD. The positive association between empathy and self-esteem in Chinese medical students: a multi-institutional study . Front Psychol . 2019 ; 10 : 1921 . Search in Google Scholar

11. Cameron CD, Fredrickson BL. Mindfulness facets predict helping behavior and distinct helping-related emotions. Mindfulness. 2015;6:1211–1218. Cameron CD Fredrickson BL. Mindfulness facets predict helping behavior and distinct helping-related emotions . Mindfulness . 2015 ; 6 : 1211 – 1218 . Search in Google Scholar

12. Kim J. Factors influencing nursing students’ empathy. Korean J Med Educ. 2018;30:229–236. Kim J. Factors influencing nursing students’ empathy . Korean J Med Educ . 2018 ; 30 : 229 – 236 . Search in Google Scholar

13. Orth U, Robins RW, Widaman KF. Life-span development of self-esteem and its effects on important life outcomes. J Pers Soc Psychol. 2012;102:1271–1288. Orth U Robins RW Widaman KF. Life-span development of self-esteem and its effects on important life outcomes . J Pers Soc Psychol . 2012 ; 102 : 1271 – 1288 . Search in Google Scholar

14. Orth U. The lifespan development of self-esteem. In: Specht J, ed. Personality development across the lifespan. Elsevier Academic Press; 2017:181–195. Orth U. The lifespan development of self-esteem . In: Specht J. ed. Personality development across the lifespan . Elsevier Academic Press ; 2017 : 181 – 195 . Search in Google Scholar

15. Bajaj B, Gupta R, Pande N. Self-esteem mediates the relationship between mindfulness and wellbeing. Pers Individ Dif. 2016;94:96–100. Bajaj B Gupta R Pande N. Self-esteem mediates the relationship between mindfulness and wellbeing . Pers Individ Dif . 2016 ; 94 : 96 – 100 . Search in Google Scholar

16. Cone VP. Self-esteem’s relations to empathy and parenting. Psychol Thought. 2016;9:184–196. Cone VP. Self-esteem’s relations to empathy and parenting . Psychol Thought . 2016 ; 9 : 184 – 196 . Search in Google Scholar

17. Ahn YH, Choi J. Factors affecting Korean nursing student empowerment in clinical practice. Nurse Educ Today. 2015;35:1301–1306. Ahn YH Choi J. Factors affecting Korean nursing student empowerment in clinical practice . Nurse Educ Today . 2015 ; 35 : 1301 – 1306 . Search in Google Scholar

18. Valizadeh L, Zamanzadeh V, Gargari RB, Ghahramanian A, Tabrizi FJ, Keogh B. Self-esteem challenges of nursing students: an integrative review. Res Dev Med Educ. 2016;5:5–11. Valizadeh L Zamanzadeh V Gargari RB Ghahramanian A Tabrizi FJ Keogh B. Self-esteem challenges of nursing students: an integrative review . Res Dev Med Educ . 2016 ; 5 : 5 – 11 . Search in Google Scholar

19. Frey MA, Sieloff CL, Norris DM. King’s conceptual system and theory of goal attainment: past, present, and future. Nurs Sci Q. 2002;15:107–112. Frey MA Sieloff CL Norris DM. King’s conceptual system and theory of goal attainment: past, present, and future . Nurs Sci Q . 2002 ; 15 : 107 – 112 . Search in Google Scholar

20. Chettri B. Assessment of social intelligence of college level students. Am Int J Res Humanit, Arts Soc Sci. 2016;15:45–48. Chettri B. Assessment of social intelligence of college level students . Am Int J Res Humanit, Arts Soc Sci . 2016 ; 15 : 45 – 48 . Search in Google Scholar

21. Meijs N, Cillessen AH, Scholte RH, Segers E, Spijkerman R. Social intelligence and academic achievement as predictors of adolescent popularity. J Youth Adolesc. 2010;39:62–72. Meijs N Cillessen AH Scholte RH Segers E Spijkerman R. Social intelligence and academic achievement as predictors of adolescent popularity . J Youth Adolesc . 2010 ; 39 : 62 – 72 . Search in Google Scholar

22. Silvera DH, Martinussen M, Dahl TI. The Tromsø Social Intelligence Scale, a self-report measure of social intelligence. Scand J Psychol. 2001;42:313–319. Silvera DH Martinussen M Dahl TI. The Tromsø Social Intelligence Scale, a self-report measure of social intelligence . Scand J Psychol . 2001 ; 42 : 313 – 319 . Search in Google Scholar

23. Hojat M, DeSantis J, Shannon SC, et al. The Jefferson Scale of Empathy: a nationwide study of measurement properties, underlying components, latent variable structure, and national norms in medical students. Adv Health Sci Educ Theory Pract. 2018;23:899–920. Hojat M DeSantis J Shannon SC The Jefferson Scale of Empathy: a nationwide study of measurement properties, underlying components, latent variable structure, and national norms in medical students . Adv Health Sci Educ Theory Pract . 2018 ; 23 : 899 – 920 . Search in Google Scholar

24. Rosenberg M. Self-attitudes and other attitudes. Society and the Adolescent Self-image. Middletown, CT: Wesleyan University Press; 1989. Rosenberg M. Self-attitudes and other attitudes . Society and the Adolescent Self-image . Middletown, CT : Wesleyan University Press ; 1989 . Search in Google Scholar

25. Anwer M, Maqsood A, Rehman G, Najma M. The moderating role of social intelligence in explaining attachment style and emotional intelligence among young adults. Pak J Psychol. 2017;48:3–20. Anwer M Maqsood A Rehman G Najma M. The moderating role of social intelligence in explaining attachment style and emotional intelligence among young adults . Pak J Psychol . 2017 ; 48 : 3 – 20 . Search in Google Scholar

26. Philip AT, Sunitha PP, Lakshmi SB, Vrinda R. Do nursing students have high social intelligence? Findings from selected nursing college, South India. Indian J Forensic Med Toxicol. 2021;15: 82–87. Philip AT Sunitha PP Lakshmi SB Vrinda R. Do nursing students have high social intelligence? Findings from selected nursing college, South India . Indian J Forensic Med Toxicol . 2021 ; 15 : 82 – 87 . Search in Google Scholar

27. Malik MA, Siddique F, Hussain SN. Exploring the development of social intelligence of students during university years. Pak J Educ. 2018;35: 45–58. Malik MA Siddique F Hussain SN. Exploring the development of social intelligence of students during university years . Pak J Educ . 2018 ; 35 : 45 – 58 . Search in Google Scholar

28. Ganaie M, Mudasir H. A study of social i ntelligence and academic achievement of college students of district Srinagar, J & K, India. J Am Sci. 2015;1111:23–27. Ganaie M Mudasir H. A study of social i ntelligence and academic achievement of college students of district Srinagar, J & K, India . J Am Sci . 2015 ; 1111 : 23 – 27 . Search in Google Scholar

29. Hashem ESA. Self-regulation and its relationship to social intelligence among college of education female students at Prince Sattam University. European J Ed Res. 2021;10:865–878. Hashem ESA. Self-regulation and its relationship to social intelligence among college of education female students at Prince Sattam University . European J Ed Res . 2021 ; 10 : 865 – 878 . Search in Google Scholar

30. Shrestha B, Yadav S, Dhakal S, Ghimire P, Shrestha Y, Singh Rathaure E. Status of self-esteem in medical students at a college in Kathmandu: a descriptive cross-sectional study. F1000Res. 2021;10:1031. Shrestha B Yadav S Dhakal S Ghimire P Shrestha Y Singh Rathaure E. Status of self-esteem in medical students at a college in Kathmandu: a descriptive cross-sectional study . F1000Res . 2021 ; 10 : 1031 . Search in Google Scholar

31. Sechi C, Loi G, Cabras C. Addictive internet behaviors: the role of trait emotional intelligence, self-esteem, age, and gender. Scand J Psychol. 2021;62:409–417. Sechi C Loi G Cabras C. Addictive internet behaviors: the role of trait emotional intelligence, self-esteem, age, and gender . Scand J Psychol . 2021 ; 62 : 409 – 417 . Search in Google Scholar

32. Acharya Pandey R, Chalise HN. Self-esteem and academic stress among nursing students. Kathmandu Univ Med J (KUMJ). 2015;13:298–302. Acharya Pandey R Chalise HN. Self-esteem and academic stress among nursing students . Kathmandu Univ Med J (KUMJ) . 2015 ; 13 : 298 – 302 . Search in Google Scholar

33. Zhu HR, Zeng H, Lyu XF, Lu FH, Ji SY. The current status and correlation of empathy ability and self-esteem level among nursing students. Nurs J Chin People’s Liberat Army. 2016;33:1–4 (in Chinese). Zhu HR Zeng H Lyu XF Lu FH Ji SY. The current status and correlation of empathy ability and self-esteem level among nursing students . Nurs J Chin People’s Liberat Army . 2016 ; 33 : 1 – 4 (in Chinese). Search in Google Scholar