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Development and psychometric evaluation of the nurse behavior toward confirmed and suspected HIV/AIDS patients (NB-CSHAP) scale

Janet Alexis De los Santos
Janet Alexis De los Santos
, 
Norberto Milla
Norberto Milla
, 
Cyruz Tuppal
Cyruz Tuppal
 et 
Leodoro Labrague
Leodoro Labrague
   | 13 avr. 2022
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Article Category: Original article
Publié en ligne: 13 avr. 2022
Pages: 103 - 113
Reçu: 22 juin 2021
Accepté: 11 août 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/fon-2022-0013
Mots clés
© 2022 Janet Alexis De los Santos et al., published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Figure 1

Sequential exploratory mixed method design.
Sequential exploratory mixed method design.

Figure 2

Scree plot on the factors identified in the NB-CSHAP.
Scree plot on the factors identified in the NB-CSHAP.

Factor loadings of the NB-CSHAP Scale items.

Variables Communalities Factor 1 Factor 2 Factor 3 Factor 4
Service-oriented behaviors
I care for my patients the best the best way I know based on what I learned 0.66 0.72
I always project with bearing even when I am stressed especially in front of my patients 0.55 0.69
I offer advise to my junior nurses who are new in handling critical cases 0.49 0.66
I provide care that is compassionate and supportive to the patient needs 0.61 0.58
I care for my patients regardless of their disease condition 0.55 0.58
I observe precautionary measures 0.50 0.56
I talk to my patients even if I know they will not respond 0.50 0.48
Discriminatory behaviors
I would make jokes about HIV patients 0.77 0.86
I request from my seniors not to assign me with a possible HIV + patient 0.74 0.85
I don’t give time to talk with a possible and confirmed HIV patient 0.73 0.84
I maliciously delve into the details of a person suspected or confirmed of HIV 0.43 0.48
Openhanded behaviors
I find time to talk with my patient, making him feel I am ready to listen 0.64 0.77
I try to provide holistic nursing care activities and interventions 0.57 0.68
I would share whatever I know about HIV to the patient especially on the expected future he will be facing 0.48 0.59
Perceptive behavior
I would sometimes laugh at my carelessness to lighten the mood 0.67 0.79
I would do things that may be risky on my part, so as not to make my patient uncomfortable or offended 0.54 0.54
Eigenvalue 4.58 2.73 1.15 1.02
Explained variance (%) 28.63 17.06 7.19 6.42
Cumulative variance (%) 28.63 45.69 52.88 59.30

Characteristics of the nurse participants.

Profile variables (n = 400) Number of nurses Percentage Mean Median SD
Age (years) 29.9 29 6.8
  <30 222 55.5
  30–39 147 36.8
  40–49 24 6.0
  ≥50 7 1.8
Gender
  Female 284 71.0
  Male 116 29.0
Marital status
  Married 110 27.5
  Unmarried 290 72.5
Educational attainment
  BSN 332 83.0
  MA/MS/MAN 62 15.5
  PhD 6 1.5
Registered nurse experience (years) 8.2 7 6.4
  <10 280 70.0
  10–19 101 25.3
  20–29 15 3.8
  ≥30 4 1.0
Present assignment experience (years) 4.3 3 3.8
  <5 286 71.5
  5–9 77 19.3
  10–14 26 6.5
  ≥15 11 2.8
Location of work
  Rural 126 31.5
  Urban 274 68.5
Type of organization
  Private 210 52.5
  Public 190 47.5
Rank or position in the current workplace
  Holds managerial position 47 11.8
  Staff nurse 353 88.3
Type of contract
  Casual/part-time 130 32.5
  Permanent 270 67.5
Hospital bed capacity 301
  <100 39 13.0
  101–250 187 62.1
  >250 75 24.9
Hospital area assignment 342
  Medical-Surgical 130 35.1
  Emergency Unit 63 17.1
  Intensive Care Unit/NICU/PACU 42 10.7
  Gynecology/Obstetric 36 9.8
  Pediatric Unit 23 6.3
  Operating Room 18 4.9
  Hemodialysis Unit 16 4.3
  Outpatient Department 6 1.6
  Administration Office 5 1.4
  Tropical infectious disease unit 3 0.8

Intercorrelation coefficients of the NB-CSHAP Scale.

Coefficients
Determinant of the correlation matrix 0.004
Bartlett test of sphericity
Chi-square 2092.576
Degrees of freedom 120
P-value 0.000
Kaiser–Meyer–Olkin measure of sampling adequacy 0.852

Implementation matrix.

Items Qualitative Quantitative
Study aims Explore the experiences of nurses in caring for patients with suspected or confirmed HIV Develop a valid and reliable instrument to measure nurses’ behaviors toward these clients.
Type of data Narrative data Survey data
Date of collection February–June 2019 July–November 2019
Participants 17 nurses working in hospitals 400 nurse participants

Psychometric properties: Alpha coefficient of internal consistency of the NB-CSHAP scale.

Items Average inter-item covariance No of items in the scale Scale reliability coefficient Interpretation
All items 0.13 16 0.73 Acceptable
Service-oriented behaviors 0.19 7 0.79 Acceptable
Discriminatory behaviors 0.58 4 0.78 Acceptable
Openhanded behaviors 0.35 3 0.66 Low
Perceptive behaviors 0.40 2 0.40 Low
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