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Figure 1
The probability of choosing a retailer by the consumer, where (Source: Own study):
Pzωj is the the probability of visiting the j-th retailer by end-consumers from ω-th building zone when buying the m-th product,
Pmωe the probability of choosing the Internet channel by the end-consumer from ω-th building zone when buying the m-th product, and
Pmωo is the probability of choosing other retailers in addition to those located in the shopping area when buying the m-th goods.
Figure 2
Example of an online store interface (Source: https://metro.zakaz.ua/)
Figure 2
Trading area (Source: Own study)
Figure 3
Adjusted trade area: 1, …, 8 – zones; A, .., G – stores (Source: Own study)
Figure 4
Cost expression of consumer costs associated with the purchasing process (Source: Own study)
– Total costs (sum of energy and time costs) in monetary terms, UAH
– Delivery cost when ordering via the Internet, UAH
The amount of energy and time costs in monetary terms, UAH (Source: Own study)
Measurement number
Route
Distance, km
Cost estimation of human time expenses, UAH
Cost estimate of the amount of human energy consumption, UAH
General expenses, UAH
1
2
3
4
5
6
1
I-1-A
0.75
21.72
1.46
23.18
2
I-1-B
1.40
36.25
2.70
38.95
3
I-1-C
0.40
16.36
0.96
17.32
4
I-1-D
0.80
20.28
1.42
21.70
5
I-1-E
1.60
34.34
2.86
37.20
6
I-1-F
1.60
33.48
2.86
36.34
7
I-1-G
1.20
26.30
2.07
28.36
8
I-1-H
1.50
32.16
2.55
34.71
9
I-1-I
2.20
44.17
3.87
48.04
10
I-1-K
1.60
29.61
2.74
32.35
11
I-2-A
0.45
18.03
1.07
19.10
12
I-2-B
0.55
23.38
1.36
24.74
13
I-2-C
1.00
25.08
1.87
26.96
14
I-2-D
0.60
17.19
1.10
18.29
15
I-2-E
0.70
20.89
1.45
22.34
16
I-2-F
0.80
20.82
1.54
22.36
17
I-2-G
1.00
25.17
1.95
27.12
18
I-2-H
2.00
40.22
3.39
43.61
19
I-2-I
2.30
46.02
4.06
50.08
20
I-2-K
1.10
20.00
1.73
21.73
21
I-3-A
1.10
27.27
2.04
29.30
22
I-3-B
0.40
21.45
1.15
22.60
23
I-3-C
1.60
35.78
2.99
38.77
24
I-3-D
1.30
27.30
2.15
29.45
25
I-3-E
0.45
16.13
0.96
17.08
26
I-3-F
0.45
14.86
0.92
15.78
27
I-3-G
1.60
31.28
2.59
33.87
28
I-3-H
2.40
47.75
4.18
51.92
29
I-3-I
2.80
50.76
4.56
55.32
30
I-3-K
1.00
19.91
1.72
21.63
31
I-4-A
1.30
28.55
2.17
30.73
32
I-4-B
1.90
40.77
3.18
43.94
33
I-4-C
0.40
15.94
0.92
16.85
34
I-4-D
0.70
20.52
1.44
21.96
35
I-4-E
1.60
35.12
2.94
38.06
36
I-4-F
1.60
34.26
2.95
37.20
37
I-4-G
0.70
19.74
1.38
21.12
38
I-4-H
0.70
22.19
1.51
23.70
39
I-4-I
1.60
33.60
2.77
36.37
40
I-4-K
1.30
26.26
2.38
28.65
41
I-5-A
1.10
25.18
1.82
27.00
42
I-5-B
1.10
30.35
2.09
32.43
43
I-5-C
0.90
25.02
1.87
26.89
44
I-5-D
0.50
17.71
1.15
18.85
45
I-5-E
0.70
20.08
1.37
21.45
46
I-5-F
0.70
19.17
1.37
20.54
47
I-5-G
0.50
17.09
1.10
18.20
48
I-5-H
1.60
34.29
2.77
37.06
49
I-5-I
1.70
37.47
3.17
40.64
50
I-5-K
0.50
12.51
0.95
13.46
51
I-6-A
1.40
30.35
2.36
32.71
52
I-6-B
1.10
27.86
1.83
29.68
53
I-6-C
1.60
35.31
2.94
38.25
54
I-6-D
1.20
27.42
2.16
29.58
55
I-6-E
0.20
13.12
0.64
13.75
56
I-6-F
0.20
11.84
0.60
12.44
57
I-6-G
1.20
27.33
2.17
29.51
58
I-6-H
2.20
44.37
3.83
48.20
59
I-6-I
2.30
44.58
3.91
48.49
60
I-6-K
0.45
13.10
1.01
14.10
61
I-7-A
2.10
39.54
3.32
42.87
62
I-7-B
2.60
50.58
4.20
54.79
63
I-7-C
1.20
27.38
2.12
29.50
64
I-7-D
1.60
31.21
2.56
33.78
65
I-7-E
2.00
40.93
3.55
44.47
66
I-7-F
2.00
40.22
3.57
43.79
67
I-7-G
1.00
23.43
1.77
25.20
68
I-7-H
0.40
16.87
0.95
17.83
69
I-7-I
0.90
22.45
1.60
24.05
70
I-7-K
1.50
28.86
2.66
31.52
71
I-8-A
2.30
46.38
4.03
50.41
72
I-8-B
2.70
55.14
4.68
59.82
73
I-8-C
2.00
35.66
2.98
38.64
74
I-8-D
1.70
36.75
3.14
39.89
75
I-8-E
2.30
44.55
3.93
48.48
76
I-8-F
2.30
43.69
3.93
47.63
77
I-8-G
1.20
28.09
2.25
30.34
78
I-8-H
0.90
24.26
1.72
25.98
79
I-8-I
0.30
14.36
0.76
15.12
80
I-8-K
1.70
31.45
2.93
34.37
81
I-9-A
1.80
37.02
3.06
40.08
82
I-9-B
1.40
37.33
2.82
40.15
83
I-9-C
1.90
35.99
3.02
39.01
84
I-9-D
1.50
29.27
2.36
31.62
85
I-9-E
1.00
24.46
1.83
26.29
86
I-9-F
1.00
23.28
1.80
25.08
87
I-9-G
1.00
23.86
1.81
25.67
88
I-9-H
1.70
38.78
3.24
42.02
89
I-9-I
1.60
34.69
2.88
37.57
90
I-9-K
0.45
12.61
0.96
13.56
Results of consumers’ cash expenditures from online purchases (Source: Own study)
Online store
Cost estimate of the amount of time spent in the process of making purchases over the Internet, UAH
Cost estimate of the energy expenditure of the human body in the process of shopping via the Internet, UAH
Delivery cost, UAH
A
8.25
0.27
40.00
B
10.44
0.34
60.00
C
12.64
0.41
50.00
D
7.70
0.26
50.00
E
7.70
0.26
30.00
F
6.60
0.22
70.00
Average meaning
8.89
0.29
50.00
General information about online stores (Source: Own study)
Online store
A
B
C
D
E
F
Average meaning
Delivery cost, UAH
15
25
26
23
12
50
25.17
Assortment, units
1830
22,870
11,250
10,000
1360
1960
-
Calories consumption (Source: Own study)
Online store
The amount of energy consumption when working on a computer, kcal
Values of energy expenditure during walking (const)
Values of energy costs during online purchases, kcal
A
21.3
2.8
24.1
B
27.4
2.8
30.2
C
33.5
2.8
36.3
D
19.8
2.8
22.6
E
19.8
2.8
22.6
F
16.7
2.8
19.5
Average meaning
23.1
2.8
25.9
Time-consuming results (Source: Own study)
Online store
Working time at the computer hrs
Walking time hrs (const)
Online shopping time hrs
A
0.23
0.02
0.25
B
0.30
0.02
0.32
C
0.37
0.02
0.38
D
0.22
0.02
0.23
E
0.22
0.02
0.23
F
0.18
0.02
0.20
Average meaning
0.23
0.02
0.25
Probability of visiting retailers taking into account the online store (Source: Own study)
Retailer
District number, UAH
Σ
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
A
0.0148
0.0106
0.0076
0.0193
0.0089
0.0051
0.0116
0.0097
0.0013
0.0888
B
0.0112
0.0093
0.0083
0.0156
0.0079
0.0052
0.0099
0.0085
0.0013
0.0772
C
0.0159
0.0088
0.0064
0.0238
0.0086
0.0045
0.0137
0.0110
0.0013
0.0940
D
0.0170
0.0121
0.0083
0.0250
0.0116
0.0058
0.0145
0.0120
0.0016
0.1079
E
0.0114
0.0096
0.0091
0.0167
0.0095
0.0069
0.0111
0.0097
0.0015
0.0854
F
0.0130
0.0110
0.0111
0.0189
0.0112
0.0085
0.0124
0.0108
0.0018
0.0986
G
0.0149
0.0101
0.0077
0.0254
0.0118
0.0059
0.0169
0.0141
0.0018
0.1085
H
0.0121
0.0070
0.0055
0.0214
0.0075
0.0040
0.0173
0.0136
0.0012
0.0897
I
0.0109
0.0070
0.0057
0.0192
0.0078
0.0044
0.0173
0.0193
0.0015
0.0930
K
0.0124
0.0098
0.0085
0.0195
0.0112
0.0069
0.0134
0.0118
0.0020
0.0954
L
0.0089
0.0059
0.0051
0.0131
0.0057
0.0036
0.0095
0.0087
0.0010
0.0614
Σ
0.1423
0.1011
0.0832
0.2179
0.1016
0.0607
0.1477
0.1292
0.0163
1
Matrix of distances from neighborhood to retailers (Source: Own study)