Sr. No. | Plant species | Family | Flowering period | Common name | Habit | Status | Global distribution | Poisonous part | Poisonous compounds | Side effects | Citation |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1. | Asparagaceae | Spring, summer, fall winter | Century plant, maguey, or American aloe | Rosette-forming herbaceous perennial succulent | Cultivated | Mexico, United States | Leaves sap/juice | Acrid volatile oil, oxalic acid, sapono-side | Redness and swelling, swelling of small blood vessels (veins), skin sores | ||
2. | Aricaceae | Spring, summer, fall winter | Taro/ elephants ear | Evergreen perennial | Cultivated | Africa, western Asia, eastern Asia, the Pacific Islands, America, the USA, Brazil | Leaves and corms | Calcium oxalate and oxalic acid | Conjunctivitis, pruritus, blindness | ||
3. | Papaveraceae | March, April, May, June | Mexican prickly poppy, flowering thistle | Broadleaved herbaceous, seed propagated | Wild | Central Mexico, Honduras | All parts of plants are poisonous | Sanguinarine, dihydrosanguinarine | Perianal itching, pneumonia myocarditis and congestive cardiac failure, ascites, sarcoid-like skin changes, alopecia, hepatomegaly | ||
4. | Solanaceae | Mid-summer to fall | Angel’s trumpets | Broadleaf evergreen | Cultivated | Western part of South America, south of the Gulf of Guayaquil in Ecuador | Flowers, leaves, and seeds | Alkaloids like atropine, scopolamine and hyoscyamine | Intense thirst, dilated pupils, high or low blood pressure, fast heartbeat, convulsions, difficulty breathing, illusions, paralysis, coma, death, nervousness, loss of memory | ||
5. | Fabaceae | January to March | Flame-of-the-forest | An erect deciduous tree with young parts hairy | Wild | Sub-tropical and tropical areas of the Indian Subcontinent and Asian southeast region. | All parts especially seeds | Fixed oil in the seed and glucoside butrin of the flower sap | Dizziness, headache, hypotension | ||
6. | Amaranthaceae | April -January | Mexican tea, Jesuit’s tea | Polymorphic annual, and perennial herb | Wild | Native to Central America, South America, and southern Mexico | Leaves | Carvacrol, caryophyllene oxide and ascaridole | Vomiting, dizziness, headache, temporary deafness, kidney and liver damage, convulsions, paralysis, death | ||
7. | Euphorbiaceae | April to June | Dyer’s croton, giradol, or turnsole | Erect densely woolly herb | Wild | Mediterranean, Middle East, India, Pakistan, and Central Asia | All parts of plant are poisonous | Rutin, chrozophorin, saponins | Upset stomach, vomiting, nausea, diarrhoea | ||
8. | Solanaceae | July to frost | Pricklyburr | Shrubby, sprawling, short-lived, tender perennial | Wild | Central America, Texas, Colombia | All portions of the plant are toxic especially foliage and seeds | Alkaloids, hyoscyamine, hyoscine | Enlarged pupils, dry mouth, trouble breathing, blurred vision, hallucinations, panic, death | ||
9. | Solanaceae | March through November | Jimsonweed, locoweed, thorn apple, devil’s trumpet | Wild-growing herb | Wild | Central America, Caribbean | Seeds and leaves | Alkaloids, hyoscyamine, hyoscine | Blurred vision, dry mouth, dilated pupils, confusion, combative behaviour hallucinations, difficulty urinating | ||
10. | Verbenaceae | Spring | Pigeon berry | Erect and spreading | Cultivated | Florida, South America | Leaves, fruit and bark are poisonous | Saponin | Vomiting and gastro-intestinal irritation, diarrhoea | ||
11. | Euphorbiaceae | Mid-spring to late summer, May to October | Wart spurge, umbrella milkweed and madwoman’s milk | Erect perennial herb | Wild | Europe, northern Africa, Asia | Leaves | Diterpene 12-deoxypharbol | Nausea, allergic reactions, skin irritation, vomiting | ||
12. | Euphorbiaceae | September-March | Mexican fireplant, painted euphorbia, wild poinsettia | A small, annual herb, glabrous | Wild | Central & S. USA, America, tropical Africa, Asia, Pacific countries | All fragments of the plant are lethal | Oil, saponins, glycosides | Nausea, allergic reactions, skin irritation, vomiting | ||
13. | Euphorbiaceae | October to December | Poinsettia | Shrub or small tree | Wild | Mexico, Central America to southern Guatemala | All parts of plant are poisonous | Water soluble caoutchouc | Upset stomach, vomiting, nausea, diarrhoea | ||
14. | Euphorbiaceae | Spring to early summer (March–July) | Sullu spurge, and Royle’s spurge | Deciduous, cactus-like, succulent shrub or small tree | Wild | Himalaya mountains from Pakistan, Nepal to western China India, Bhutan, Myanmar | All parts are poisonous | Epitaraxerol, ellagic acid, euphol, taraxerol, sitosterol in milky latex | Nausea, vomiting | ||
15. | Convolvulaceae | Fall–summer | Pink morning glory, bush morning glory | Twining plant | Wild | Tropical America, Caribbean, America, Africa, Australia, and Asia | Seeds and leaves | Abnormal endocrine functions and gastrointestinal functions, immune system alternation, abnormality in embryogenesis | |||
16. | Apocynaceae | July to October | Oleander or nerium | Erect shrub bearing pink or white flowers | Cultivated | Mediterranean Basin | Entire plant | Cardiac glycosides of the cardenolide type | Weakness, diarrhoea, nausea, vomiting, headache, pain in stomach, death | ||
17. | Asteraceae | March to October | Santa Maria feverfew, whitetop weed | Erect stout undershrubs | Wild | Subtropics of North and South America | All its parts including trichomes and pollen | Parthenin and other phenolic acids | Eczema skin inflammation, hay fever, asthma, burning and blisters, breathlessness and choking, allergic rhinitis, black spots, diarrhoea, severe erythematous eruptions | ||
18. | Nitrariaceae | April and October | Wild rue, Syrian rue, African rue, esfand or espand, or harmel | Perennial, herbaceous plant | Wild | Middle East, Africa, Mediterranean area, Indian Pakistan, Iran, Africa, Central Asian republics semi-arid regions | Leaves and seeds | β-carbolines such as: harmalol, harman harmaline, harmine, and quinazoline derivatives | Hallucinations, neurosensory syndromes, bradycardia, nausea, vomiting | ||
19. | Solanaceae | Spring/ summer/ autumn | Cut-leaf ground-cherry, angular winter cherry | Multi-stemmed and spreading | Wild | USA, South America, NC | Unripe berries and leaves | Physalins | Headache, discomfort in stomach, dropped temperature, expanded pupils, nausea, diarrhoea, cardiac and breathing depression, loss of consciousness, fatal schistosomiasis | ||
20. | Ranunculaceae | May to September | Celery-leaved buttercup | Annual or short-lived perennial | Wild | Europe, Britain, primarily in central and northern areas | All parts of the plant are poisonous | Glycoside ranunculin | Enormously annoying to skin and mucous membranes. It may cause pain and burning perceptions, tongue inflammation, and intensification in saliva | ||
21. | Euphorbiaceae | June to October | Castor oil plant | Tender perennial large shrub or small tree | Wild | Southeastern Basin, India Mediterranean, Eastern Africa | Seeds and leaves | Toxalbumin ricin | Nausea, sickness, diarrhoea, abdominal pain, desiccation, shock, simple fluid and chemical disturbances, destruction to the liver, kidney and pancreas, and eventually death | ||
22. | Solanaceae | October–January | Thorn apple, bitter apple, bitterball and bitter tomato | An erect prickly shrub, stem prickly and prickles straight sharp | Wild | Saharan desert in Africa, Middle East, India | Dried unripe fruits | Glycoalkaloids such as solasonine, alkylamines such as nitrosamines and carcinogenic glycosides | Stomach pain, vomiting, diarrhoea | ||
23. | Solanaceae | July to September | Black nightshade or blackberry nightshade | Short-lived perennial shrub | Wild | South America | Fruits, leaves | Steroidal glycoalkaloids like alpha-solanine and alpha-chaconine | Stomach pain, vomiting, diarrhoea | ||
24. | Poaceae | Fall to summer | Johnsongrass | Arching dense erect spreading | Wild | Eastern, Mediteranean, Middle East countries | Leaves | Dhurrin, a cyanogenic glycoside, toxic levels of nitrates | Nervousness, progressive feebleness and difficulty breathing, breathlessness, increased pulse rate, muscular jerking, convulsions, death | ||
25. | Apocynaceae | Summer to fall | Luckynut, yellow oleander | Perennial or evergreen tropical shrub | Cultivated | Mexico, tropical South America | All parts of the plant are poisonous, especially the kernels of the fruits and leaves | Glycosides, thevetin, cerebrin, neriifolin | Sickness, dizziness, electrolyte turbulences, cardiac dysrhythmias | ||
26. | Fabaceae | Spring – summer | White clover | Creeping, prostrate | Wild | Europe, British Isles, central Asia | Leaves | Eyanogenic glucosides linamarin and lotaustralin | Outbreaks, muscle ache, pain, sickness, and vaginal flow (spotting) | ||
27. | Asteraceae | Fall to summer | Clotbur, common cocklebur, woolgarie bur | Erect, ground cover herb | Wild | North America | Leaves and seeds | Carboxyatractyloside | Sickness, muscular tremors, liver disintegration and seldom death |
Plant species | Ad × Ab | ECS | AW | Stomata (P/A) | ST | GCS | Glands P/A | SPS | Trichome | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Glandular | Non-glandular | |||||||||
Ad | Irregular | Deeply sinous | P | Anisocytic | Broad bean-shaped | A | Narrow elliptical | - | Sessile stellate | |
Ab | Irregular | Deeply sinous | P | Anisocytic | Broad bean-shaped | A | Narrow elliptical | - | Sessile stellate | |
Ad | Polygonal | Straight | A | - | A | Very narrowly elliptical | - | - | ||
Ab | Polygonal | Straight | P | Paracytic | Broad bean-shaped | A | Very narrowly elliptical | - | - | |
Ad | Irregular | Sinuate | P | Anomocytic | Broad bean-shaped | P | Elliptical | - | ||
Ab | Irregular | Sinuate | P | Anomocytic | Broad bean-shaped | P | Elliptical | - | Segmented with pointed tip and broad base | |
Ad | Irregular | Deeply undulate | P | Anisocytic anomocytic | Broad bean-shaped | A | Widely elliptical | - | Multicellular with pointed tip and broad base | |
Ab | Polygonal | Straight | P | Anomocytic | Broad bean-shaped | A | Widely elliptical | - | Multicellular with pointed tip and broad base | |
Ad | Polygonal | Straight/angular | P | Paracytic | Broad bean-shaped | Elliptical | - | - | ||
Ab | Polygonal | Straight | P | Paracytic | Broad bean-shaped | A | Elliptical | - | - | |
Ad | Polygonal | Straight | A | A | - | - | ||||
Ab | Polygonal | Straight | P | Paracytic | Broad bean-shaped | A | Broad elliptical | - | - | |
Ad | Polygonal | Straight | A | - | - | A | - | - | - | |
Ab | Polygonal | Straight | P | Paracytic | Broad bean-shaped | A | Very broad elliptical | - | - | |
Ad | Irregular | Wavy to sinous | P | Anomocytic | Bean-shaped | A | Elliptical | - | - | |
Ab | Irregular | Wavy to sinous | P | Anomocytic | Bean-shaped | A | Elliptical | - | - | |
Ad | Irregular | Undulate | A | - | Broad bean-shaped | A | Widely elliptical | - | - | |
Ab | Polygonal | Straight/wavy | P | Anisocytic | Broad bean-shaped | A | Widely elliptical | - | - | |
Ad | Polygonal | Straight | P | Paracytic | Narrow bean-shaped | A | Concave-shaped | - | - | |
Ab | Polygonal | Straight | P | Paracytic | Narrow bean-shaped | A | Concave-shaped | - | - | |
Ad | Polygonal | Straight/angular | P | Anisocytic | Broad bean-shaped | A | Elliptical | - | Multicellular with pointed tip and broad base unicellular with bulbous tip | |
Ab | Irregular | Undulate/sinous | P | Anomocytic | Broad bean-shaped | A | Widely elliptical | - | Multicellular with pointed tip and broad base unicellular with bulbous tip | |
Ad | Rectangular | Thick sinous walls | p | Paracytic | Dumb bell-shaped | A | Very narrow elliptical | - | - | |
Ab | Rectangular | Thick sinous walls | P | Paracytic | Dumb bell-shaped | A | Very narrow elliptical | - | - | |
Ad | Polygonal | Straight | A | - | - | P | - | - | - | |
Ab | Polygonal | Straight | P | Anisocytic | Broad bean-shaped | P | Widely elliptical | Unicellular with pointed tip | ||
Ad | Irregular | Deeply sinous | P | Anomocytic | Broad bean-shaped | A | Narrow elliptical | - | - | |
Ab | Irregular | Deeply sinous | P | Anomocytic | Broad bean-shaped | A | Narrow elliptical | - | - | |
Ad | Polygonal | Angular | P | Anomocytic | Narrow kidney-shaped | P | Wide elliptical | Multicellular capitate | - | |
Ab | Irregular | Wavy | P | Anisocytic | Wide kidney-shaped | P | Elliptical | Multicellular capitate | - | |
Ad | Irregular | Sinous | P | Anomocytic | Broad bean-shaped | A | Elliptical | - | - | |
Ab | Polygonal | Straight/angular | P | Anisocytic | Broad bean-shaped | A | Narrow elliptical | Multicellular capitate | - | |
Ad | Polygonal | Straight | P | Anisocytic | Broad bean-shaped | A | Narrow elliptical | - | Multicellular 3–6 celled long with pointed tip | |
Ab | Irregular | Undulate | P | Anomocytic | Broad bean-shaped | A | Elliptical | Multicellular 3–6 celled long with pointed tip | ||
Ad | Polygonal | Angular | A | - | - | A | Elliptical | - | - | |
Ab | Irregular | Wavy | P | Paracytic | Narrow bean-shaped | P | Very narrow elliptical | - | Unicellular with pointed tip | |
Ad | Polygonal | Angular | P | Anomocytic | Broad bean-shaped | Narrow elliptical | - | - | ||
Ab | Heptagonal | Angular | P | Anomocytic | Broad bean-shaped | A | Very narrow elliptical | - | - | |
Ad | Polygonal | Straight | P | Anomocytic | Broad bean-shaped | A | Wide elliptical | - | - | |
Ab | Polygonal | Straight | P | Anomocytic | Broad bean-shaped | A | Wide elliptical | - | - | |
Ad | Rectangular | Straight | P | Anisocytic | Widely bean-shaped | A | Narrow elliptical | Stellate unicellular with pointed tip | ||
Ab | Polygonal | Angular | P | Anisocytic | Widely bean-shaped | A | Narrow elliptical | Stellate unicellular with pointed tip | ||
Ad | Polygonal | Straight | A | - | - | A | - | - | - | |
Ab | Polygonal | Straight | P | Anomocytic | Broad bean-shaped | A | Narrow elliptical | - | - | |
Ad | Irregular | Undulate | A | A | Multicellular with pointed end | |||||
Ab | Irregular | Undulate | P | Anomocytic | Broad bean-shaped | A | Narrow elliptical | - | Multicellular with pointed end | |
Ad | Rectangular to isodiametric | Straight | P | Cyclocytic | Broad bean-shaped | Very broad elliptical | Subsessile, capitate having 5–6 celled with a flat head | Unicellular and conical-shaped | ||
Ab | Irregular/tetragonal | Straight/sinous | P | Cyclocytic/ paracytic | Broad bean-shaped | A | Very broad elliptical | Sub sessile, capitate having 5–6 celled a with flat head | Unicellular and conical-shaped | |
Ad | Polygonal | Straight/angular | A | A | - | |||||
Ab | Polygonal | Straight | P | Anomocytic | Broad bean-shaped | A | Wide elliptical | Multicellular with bulbous head |
Plant name | Ad × Ab | Length of epidermal cell |
Width of epidermal cell |
Length of guard cells |
Width of guard cells |
Length of stomata Mean |
Width of stomata |
Length of subsidiary cell |
Width of subsidiary cell |
Length of stomatal pore |
Width of stomatal pore |
Trichome length Mean (Min–Max) ± SE (μm) | Trichome width Mean |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ad | 69.95 (58.75–81.25)±3.97 | 24.65 (23.75–23.75) ± 0.37 | 20.0 (17.75–22.0) ± 0.78 | 6.90 (6.25–7.75) ±0.29 | 27.45 (25.25–29.75) ± 0.81 | 11.35 (10.25–12.75) ± 0.50 | 52.50 (43.75–63.75) ± 3.29 | 16.15 (12.75–21.25)± 1.65 | 17.30 (16.25–18.75) ± 0.45 | 1.55 (1.0–2.25) ± 0.242 | Absent | Absent | |
Ab | 63.35 (53.75–81.25) ± 4.75 | 28.30 (26.25–30.25) ± 0.77 | 21.05 (20.25–21.75) ± 0.25 | 5.85 (4.75–7.25) ±0.43 | 24.30 (18.75–27.75) ± 1.77 | 13.15 (11.25–14.75) ± 0.65 | 50.55 (43.75–54.75) ± 2.14 | 25.35 (24.0–26.50) ± 0.46 | 19.40 (18.0–20.25) ± 0.44 | 0.90 (0.50–1.25) ± 0.16 | Absent | Absent | |
Ad | 65.75 (50.25–73.25) ± 4.1 | 34.50 (32.25–37.25) ± 0.96 | 32.30 (31.25–34.0) ± 0.51 | 12.55 (10.25–13.75) ±0.64 | 32.95 (31.25–34.75) ± 0.60 | 26.55 (22.75–29.75) ± 1.39 | 54.50 (50.25–57.75) ± 1.23 | 26.45 (22.25–31.25)± 1.50 | 20.95 (18.75–22.75) ± 0.75 | 6.25 (5.25–7.25) ± 0.35 | Absent | Absent | |
Ab | 57.95 (54.75–61.25)± 1.05 | 41.85 (27.25–47.25) ±3.6 | 27.20 (22.75–32.0) ± 1.7 | 12.45 (11.25–14.75) ± 0.64 | 30.55 (27.75–32.75) ±0.98 | 27.05 (23.75–29.75) ± 1.17 | 60.85 (51.75–74.75) ± 4.02 | 37.95 (34.75–41.25) ± 1.27 | 22.05 (20.25–23.75) ± 0.60 | 7.05 (5,25–8.75) ± 0.60 | Absent | Absent | |
Ad | 42.25 (36.25–51.25) ± 2.55 | 36.25 (32.75–41.25)± 1.51 | 32.05 (30.25–33.75) ± 0.60 | 10.45 (8.75—12.25) ± 0.60 | 32.30 (31.25–33.75) ± 0.45 | 28.15 (26.25–29.75) ± 0.62 | 45.55 (38.75–53.25) ± 2.69 | 29.55 (27.75–31.25) ± 0.60 | 19.55 (17.75–21.25) ± 0.60 | 6.85 (3.75–9.75) ± 1.14 | 356.8 (341.25–375.25) ± 6.1 | 46.40 (41.25–52.25) ± 1.93 | |
Ab | 39.30 (36.25–46.50) ± 1.84 | 33.75 (30.25–36.25) ± 1.34 | 27.95 (26.25–29.75) ± 0.60 | 10.90 (9.50–12.25) ± 0.54 | 27.95 (26.25–29.75) ± 0.60 | 25.15 (23.75–26.25) ± 0.43 | 47.40 (45.75–48.75) ± 0.55 | 32.30 (31.25–33.75) ± 0.45 | 19.70 (18.75–20.75) ± 0.37 | 8.10 (6.25–9.50) ± 0.58 | 307.35 (300.75–316.25) ± 2.62 | 25.55 (23.75–27.75) ± 0.68 | |
Ab | 30.95 (26.25–38.75)± 2.11 | 14.65 (11.25–18.25) ± 1.1 | 14.15 (13.25–l5.25) ± 0.36 | 6.75 (5.75–7.75) ± 0.35 | 14.15 (13.25–15.25) ± 0.36 | 10.7 (7.75–13.75) ± 1.14 | 23.40 (22.25–24.50) ± 0.40 | 9.70 (8.75–10.50) ± 0.32 | 8.95 (7.75–10.25) ± 0.40 | 4.35 (3.75–5.25) ± 0.29 | 168.3 (148.75–183.75) ± 6.07 | 11.25 (8.75–13.75) ± 0.92 | |
Ad | 30.75 (28.75–33.75) ± 0.85 | 21.10 (18.75–23.75) ± 0.96 | Absent | Absent | Absent | Absent | Absent | Absent | Absent | Absent | 225.9 (212.75–234.0) ± 3.8 | 15.35 (13.75–17.25) ± 0.57 | |
Ad | 55.45 (52.75–57.75) ± 0.96 | 40.0 (37.75–42.0) ± 0.78 | Absent | Absent | Absent | Absent | Absent | Absent | Absent | Absent | Absent | Absent | |
Ab | 45.15 (37.75–56.25) ± 3.79 | 29.65 (26.25–32.75) ± 1.07 | 25.25 (23.75–27.75) ± 0.77 | 4.30 (3.0–5.25) ± 0.40 | 25.25 (23.75–27.75) ± 0.77 | 12.85 (11.25–14.25) ± 0.53 | 39.70 (35.75–46.25) ± 1.91 | 9.95 (8.75–11.25) ± 0.40 | 21.65 (20.25–23.25) ± 0.57 | 3.95 (2.75–5.25) ± 0.46 | Absent | Absent | |
Ad | 50.70 (48.0–53.25) ± 1.00 | 26.55 (24.75–28.75) ± 0.75 | 24.15 (22.75–25.75) ± 0.50 | 9.35 (8.50–10.25) ± 0.30 | 24.25 (22.75–25.25) ± 0.44 | 19.45 (17.75–20.75) ± 0.53 | 28.75 (25.25–32.25) ± 1.36 | 26.35 (23.75–30.25) ± 1.16 | 15.85 (14.75–17.25) ± 0.43 | 7.35 (6.25–8.75) ± 0.43 | 66.05 (63.75–67.75) ± 0.76 | 20.85 (17.75–23.75) ± 1.06 | |
Ab | 75.05 (72.75–77.25) ± 0.81 | 28.05 (26.25–30.25) ± 0.68 | 20.45 (18.75–22.25) ± 0.60 | 8.55 (7.25–9.75) ± 0.46 | 21.25 (19.75–22.75) ± 0.57 | 18.95 (17.75–22.75) ± 0.57 | 44.75 (42.75–47.25) ± 0.75 | 18.45 (16.25–22.0) ± 1.01 | 14.30 (12.0–15.75) ± 0.66 | 8.05 (6.25–10.25) ± 0.68 | 57.70 (52.25–64.0) ± 2.28 | 26.25 (24.75–27.75) ± 0.57 | |
Ad | 45.25 (38.75–57.25) ± 3.21 | 23.0 (21.225–24.75) ± 0.60 | 32.05 (30.25–33.75) ± 0.60 | 9.85 (8.75–11.25) ± 0.43 | 32.25 (30.25–33.75) ± 0.68 | 20.4(18.75–22.0) ± 0.56 | 44.0 (37.75–52.25) ± 2.51 | 15.45 (13.75–17.25) ± 0.60 | 17.0 (15.25–18.75) ± 0.60 | 4.8 (3.75–5.75) ± 0.33 | 226.2(214.0–248.7) ± 6.01 | 10.45 (7.25–12.75) ± 1.05 | |
Ab | 48.4(43.75–56.25) ± 2.10 | 18.25 (13.75–23.75) ± 1.7 | 33.25 (31.25–35.25) ± 0.75 | 7.55 (6.25–8.75) ± 0.40 | 32.95 (30.25–35.25) ± 0.94 | 20.55 (18.75–22.25) ± 0.60 | 41.0(35.25–48.75) ± 2.72 | 19.35 (17.75–21.25) ± 0.62 | 15.49 (13.75–17.25) ± 0.58 | 3.80 (3.0–4.75) ± 0.36 | 182.4 (143.75–218.75) ± 16.0 | 9.95 (8.75–11.25) ± 0.40 | |
Ad | 57.05 (50.25–65.25) ± 2.83 | 26.95 (25.25–28.25) ± 0.53 | 34.60 (32.75–36.50) ± 0.64 | 12.15 (10.75–13.75) ± 0.53 | 34.30 (32.75–36.50) ± 0.69 | 26.60 (24.75–28.75) ± 0.77 | 32.55 (30.75–34.75) ± 0.75 | 10.15 (8.75–11.50) ± 0.51 | 22.55 (21.25–24.25) ± 0.62 | 6.15 (5.25–7.25) ± 0.40 | Absent | Absent | |
Ab | 52.95 (50.25–56.25) ± 1.04 | 37.05 (35.25–38.75) ± 0.60 | 34.55 (32.75–36.25) ± 0.60 | 10.25 (8.75–13.75) ± 0.92 | 35.05 (32.75–37.25) ± 0.81 | 27.15 (25.75–28.75) ± 0.53 | 28.10 (27.75–29.0) ± 0.33 | 20.45 (16.25–24.75) ± 1.49 | 21.65 (20.25–22.75) ± 0.43 | 8.25 (6.25–11.25) ± 0.85 | Absent | Absent | |
Ad | 50.55 (48.75–52.75) ± 0.68 | 22.75 (21.25–24.75) ± 0.68 | 22.45 (20.25–24.75) ± 0.81 | 6.80 (5.25–8.0) ± 0.50 | 23.85 (20.25–26.25) ± 0.99 | 17.55 (15.25–19.75) ± 0.81 | 38.35 (28.75–44.75) ± 2.90 | 14.95 (12.25–17.75) ± 0.95 | 12.95 (12.25–13.75) ± 0.25 | 6.65 (5.25–7.75) ± 0.43 | 211.8 (191.25–248.75) ± 10.3 | 16.05 (13.75–18.75) ± 0.93 | |
Ab | 48.05 (45.25–50.25) ± 0.98 | 20.55 (18.75–22.75) ± 0.68 | 24.10 (22.75–25.25) ± 0.43 | 6.90 (6.25–7.75) ± 0.26 | 23.95 (22.75–25.25) ± 0.46 | 18.35 (17.25–19.75) ± 0.43 | 29.55 (28.75–30.25) ± 0.25 | 24.50 (22.25–26.25) ± 0.67 | 14.85 (13.75–15.75) ± 0.33 | 5.60 (4.75–6.25) ± 0.29 | 235.0 (228.75–243.75) ± 2.7 | 22.55 (20.25–25.25) ± 0.88 | |
Ab | 47.0 (44.50–48.75) ± 0.75 | 19.70 (18.75–20.75) ± 0.34 | 28.15 (27.25–28.75) ± 0.29 | 8.15 (7.25–8.75) ± 0.29 | 29.15 (27.75–31.25) ± 0.62 | 22.35 (21.25–23.75) ± 0.43 | 29.45 (28.0–30.50) ± 0.47 | 22.35 (21.25–23.75) ± 0.43 | 15.05 (14.25–16.25) ± 0.33 | 9.85 (8.75–11.25) ± 0.43 | 150.9 (143.75–158.75) ± 2.53 | 17.05 (14.75–18.75) ± 0.71 | |
Ad | 32.65 (24.75–40.25) ± 3.17 | 14.35 (13.75–15.25) ± 0.29 | 23.35 (21.25–24.75) ± 0.69 | 6.60 (5.25–7.75) ± 0.43 | 23.35 (21.25–24.75) ± 0.69 | 17.05 (16.25–17.75) ± 0.25 | 28.75 (26.25–31.25) ± 0.92 | 10.95 (8.75–12.75) ± 0.75 | 12.25 (11.25–12.75) ± 0.27 | 4.40 (3.75–5.25) ± 0.26 | 159.2 (154.0–162.75) ± 1.64 | 16.1 (14.0–18.25) ± 0.71 | |
Ad | 99.50 (75.5–125.1) ± 9.02 | 36.50 (35.1–37.3) ± 0.61 | 27.5 (25.1–27.50) ± 0.50 | 19.50 (17.50–20.1) ± 0.50 | 16.50 (12.50–17.50) ± 1.0 | 2.75 (2.50–3.1) ± 0.14 | 27.5 (25.1–27.50) ± 0.50 | 7.9 (7.50–8.25) ± 0.36 | 41.1 (25.1–52.1) ± 4.8 | 16.50 (17.50–25.1) ± 1.0 | 895.2 (750.2–1100) ± 70 | 11.85 (10.1–13.1) ± 1.21 | |
Ab | 84.50 (75.1–87.50) ± 2.42 | 36.50 (35.1–40.3) ± 1.0 | 26.1 (25.1–27.50) ± 0.61 | 20.25 (18.75–22.50) ± 0.61 | 17.50 (15.1–20.3) ± 0.79 | 2.65 (2.50–3.1) ± 0.11 | 26.50 (25.1–27.50) ± 0.61 | 9.50 (7.50–10.1) ± 0.50 | 39.1 (35.1–50.1) ± 2.80 | 18.50 (17.50–20.1) ± 0.61 | Absent | Absent | |
Ad | 35.30 (33.75–37.25) ± 0.66 | 20.05 (18.25–21.75) ± 0.68 | Absent | Absent | Absent | Absent | Absent | Absent | Absent | Absent | 249.9 (238.2–262.7) ± 4.1 | 19.55 (17.75–21.25) ± 0.60 | |
Ab | 34.55 (32.75–36.25) ± 0.60 | 19.55 (17.75–21.25) ± 0.60 | 23.95 (22.75–25.25) ± 0.46 | 8.05 (7.25–9.25) ± 0.40 | 24.55 (22.75–26.25) ± 0.60 | 14.05 (12.75–15.25) ± 0.43 | 33.86 (32.75–34.75) ± 0.33 | 24.55 (22.75–26.25) ± 0.60 | 16.25 (15.25–17.25) ± 0.35 | 3.50 (2.75–4.25) ± 0.27 | 166.5 (160.25–173.25) ± 2.6 | 14.75 (12.75–16.25) ± 0.68 | |
Ad | 46.45 (43.75–52.25) ± 1.50 | 37.15 (33.75–39.75) ± 1.04 | 33.45 (30.75–36.25) ± 1.07 | 9.80 (8.75–10.50) ± 0.30 | 33.75 (31.25–36.25) ± 0.92 | 29.85 (27.75–31.25) ± 0.69 | 57.30 (53.75–61.25) ± 1.48 | 31.15 (26.25–39.75) ± 2.29 | 22.30 (20.25–25.25) ± 0.88 | 7.05 (5.25–8.75) ± 0.60 | Absent | Absent | |
Ab | 41.85 (38.75–43.75) ± 0.88 | 30.80 (27.75–34.75) ± 1.23 | 32.05 (30.25–33.75) ± 0.60 | 10.15 (8.75–11.25) ± 0.43 | 31.95 (30.25–33.25) ± 0.53 | 26.45 (25.25–27.75) ± 0.46 | 50.95 (48.75–53.25) ± 0.86 | 24.90 (21.25–29.75) ± 1.40 | 22.95 (21.25–24.75) ± 0.60 | 7.85 (7.0–8.75) ± 0.34 | Absent | Absent | |
Ad | 29.25 (26.25–33.75) ± 1.31 | 25.45 (23.75–27.25) ± 0.60 | 24.15 (22.25–27.75) ± 1.01 | 10.45 (9.75–11.25) ± 0.25 | 26.15 (22.75–28.75) ± 1.04 | 21.65 (20.25–22.75) ± 0.43 | 23.45 (7.75–35.25) ± 5.96 | 9.50 (8.75–10.25) ± 0.27 | 19.55 (17.75–21.25) ± 0.60 | 10.05 (7.75–12.25) ± 0.81 | 39.55 (37.75–41.25) ± 0.60 | 12.95 (9.75–17.75) ± 1.43 | |
Ab | 30.95 (26.25–38.75) ± 2.11 | 14.65 (11.25–18.25) ± 1.13 | 14.15 (13.25–15.25) ± 0.36 | 6.75 (5.75–7.75) ± 0.35 | 14.15 (13.25–15.25) ± 0.36 | 10.70 (7.75–13.75) ± 1.14 | 23.40 (22.25–24.50) ± 0.40 | 9.70 (8.75–10.50) ± 0.32 | 8.95 (7.75–10.25) ± 0.40 | 4.35 (3.75–5.25) ± 0.29 | 168.3 (148.75–183.75) ± 6.0 | 11.25 (8.75–13.75) ± 0.92 | |
Ad | 33.95 (26.25–41.25) ± 2.4 | 15.50 (13.75–18.75) ± 0.92 | 24.15 (23.25–25.25) ± 0.36 | 7.10 (6.25–8.0) ± 0.34 | 24.05 (22.75–25.25) ± 0.43 | 16.4 (15.25–17.75) ± 0.48 | 28.75 (24.50–32.75) ± 1.52 | 18.95 (15.75–23.75) ± 1.45 | 18.1 (16.25–19.75) ± 0.67 | 4.95 (3.75–6.25) ± 0.40 | 165.4 (153.7–173.2) ± 3.70 | 29.74 (28.13–32.64) ± 0.68 | |
Ab | 38.95 (36.50–43.75) ± 1.30 | 18.35 (16.25–21.25) ± 0.84 | 19.95 (18.25–21.25) ± 0.62 | 7.95 (6.25–9.50) ± 0.56 | 20.35 (18.25–22.25) ± 0.78 | 18.10 (16.5–19.75) ± 0.56 | 30.75 (27.75–37.25) ± 1.69 | 18.45 (16.25–20.25) ± 0.75 | 12.0 (7,75–15.25) ± 1.40 | 4.30 (3.75–5.25) ± 0.3 | 195.0 (175.2–211.2) ± 6.19 | 30.85 (29.25–33.75) ± 0.79 | |
Ad | 90.75 (62.75–103.25) ± 7.41 | 29.35 (27.25–32.25) ± 0.87 | 23.95 (22.25–26.25) ± 0.70 | 11.35 (10.50–12.25) ± 0.34 | 25.10 (23.0–28.75) ± 0.99 | 23.75 (21.25–26.25) ± 0.85 | 23.55 (21.75–26.25) ± 0.84 | 23.45 (18.75–29.75) ± 1.9 | 15.35 (12.75–17.75) ± 0.94 | 10.4 (7.75–13.75) ± 1.1 | Absent | Absent | |
Ab | 99.45 (95.25–103.7) ± 1.4 | 27.60 (22.25–37.75) ± 2.7 | 25.90 (22.75–29.75) ± 1.2 | 10.55 (8.75–12.75) ± 0.68 | 29.55 (27.75–31.25) ± 0.60 | 24.75 (22.25–27.25) ± 0.97 | 25.80 (22.25–30.25) ± 1.39 | 25.45 (18.75–29.75) ± 1.86 | 15.75 (12.75–17.25) ± 0.83 | 9.55 (7.75–12.25) ± 0.93 | Absent | Absent | |
Ad | 59.53 (52.0–75.50) ± 4.53 | 26.40 (25.25–27.25) ± 0.33 | 26.05 (25.25–27.25) ± 0.34 | 9.55 (8.25–10.75) ± 0.46 | 26.05 (25.25–27.25) ± 0.33 | 24.05 (22.75–25.75) ± 0.62 | 59.75 (51.50–76.0) ± 4.52 | 27.30 (25.75–30.25) ± 0.89 | 13.15 (12.75–13.75) ± 0.16 | 6.95 (5.25–8.25) ± 0.53 | Absent | Absent | |
Ab | 43.90 (26.75–51.50) ± 4.81 | 26.0 (24.75–27.25) ± 0.44 | 25.45 (24.75–26.25) ± 0.24 | 3.75 (3.00–4.75) ± 0.28 | 25.70 (25.25–26.25) ± 0.16 | 26.0 (25.25–26.75) ± 0.27 | 37.45 (26.50–52.25) ± 4.97 | 24.85 (22.75–26.50) ± 0.70 | 23.0 (21.25–25.75) ± 0.80 | 7.15 (5.25–9.75) ± 0.93 | Absent | Absent | |
Ad | 54.15 (47.75–61.25) ± 2.34 | 41.0 (33.75–47.25) ± 2.53 | 34.25 (32.75–36.25 ± 0.65 | 9.85 (8.75–11.25) ± 0.40 | 34.05 (32.75–35.25) ± 0.43 | 24.85 (23.0–26.75) ± 0.71 | 50.20 (42.75–54.50) ± 2.1 | 32.40 (25.25–38.75) ± 2.40 | 21.30 (20.25–22.25) ± 0.3 | 7.50 (6.25–8.75) ± 0.41 | Absent | Absent | |
Ab | 64.05 (60.25–67.25) ± 1.21 | 52.25 (50.25–54.75) ± 0.85 | 32.15 (28.75–34.75) ± 1.04 | 10.70 (8.50–12.75) ± 0.88 | 31.50 (27.75–34.75) ± 1.89 | 27.45 (25.25–29.75) ± 0.81 | 53.40 (47.75–59.0) ± 1.89 | 35.85 (27.75–42.75) ± 3.07 | 20.25 (18.75–21.25) ± 0.47 | 7.50 (5.25–9.76) ± 0.83 | Absent | Absent | |
Ad | 40.50 (38.75–42.25) ± 0.60 | 17.0 (13.75–20.25) ± 1.05 | 33.75 (31.25–38.75) ± 1.31 | 19.05 (17.25–21.0) ± 0.71 | 32.85 (31.25–34.25) ± 0.53 | 18.75 (16.25–21.0) ± 0.89 | 19.85 (16.25–23.75) ± 1.2 | 9.5 (8.0–12.25) ± 0.74 | 20.70 (18.75–23.0) ± 0.71 | 8.15 (6.75–10.25) ± 0.62 | Absent | Absent | |
Ab | 35.15 (32.75–37.75) ± 0.88 | 18.05 (13.75–24.75) ± 1.83 | 27.40 (25.50–28.75) ± 0.65 | 7.55 (6.25–8.75) ± 0.46 | 26.6 (24.75–28.75) ± 0.75 | 15.05 (12.75–17.25) ± 0.81 | 29.15 (26.25–30.75) ± 0.79 | 11.85 (10.25–13.75) ± 0.69 | 13.65 (11.25–15.25) ± 0.69 | 6.60 (5.75–7.75) ± 0.38 | Absent | Absent | |
Ad | 61.75 (58.75–63.75) ± 0.85 | 45.05 (38.75–49.75) ± 1.92 | Absent | Absent | Absent | Absent | Absent | Absent | Absent | Absent | Absent | Absent | |
Ab | 63.75 (61.25–65.25) ± 0.68 | 35.65 (32.75–38.75) ± 1.10 | 42.95 (41.25–44.75) ± 0.60 | 11.45 (10.25–12.75) ± 0.46 | 46.95 (43.75–49.75) ± 1.15 | 34.55 (32.75–36.25) ± 0,64 | 49.55 (47.75–51.25) ± 0.60 | 23.75 (22.75–24.75) ± 0.35 | 26.65 (25.25–27.75) ± 0.43 | 13.75 (12.25–14.75) ± 0.41 | 118.25 (113.7–123.7) ± 1.9 | 24.85 (23.75–26.25) ± 0.43u | |
Ad | 69.55 (67.75–71.25) ± 0.64 | 30.15 (28.75–31.25) ± 0.43 | 29.80 (28.75–31.25) ± 0.45 | 7.90 (6.25–9.50) ± 0.56 | 29.80 (28.75–31.25) ± 0.45 | 19.10 (17.75–20.25) ± 0.43 | 29.75 (28.75–31.25) ± 0.47 | 24.50 (23.75–25.25) ± 0.27 | 17.25 (16.25–18.25) ± 0.35 | 1.85 (1.25–2.75) ± 0.29 | 255.5 (226.2–288.7) ± 11.7 | 33.45 (31.25–35.25) ± 0.75 | |
Ab | 67.75 (64.75–71.75) ± 1.55 | 37.15 (35.75–38.75) ± 0.53 | 27.35 (26.25–28.75) ± 0.43 | 7.30 (6.25–8.75) ± 0.45 | 27.35 (26.25–28.75) ± 0.43 | 16.85 (16.25–17.75) ± 0.29 | 40.35 (38.75–42.75) ± 0.76 | 13.0 (11.50–14.75) ± 0.57 | 17.75 (16.25–19.75) ± 0.61 | 2.25 (1.25–2.75) ± 0.27 | 229.1 (138.7–275.2) ± 24.0 | 39.85 (33.75–48.75) ± 2.47 | |
Ad | 66.75 (65.25–68.75) ± 0.65 | 12.25 (11.25–13.25) ± 0.35 | 21.65 (20.25–22.75) ± 0.43 | 8.0 (7.25–9.0) ± 0.37 | 21.55 (20.25–22.75) ± 0.43 | 14.25 (12.75–15.25) ± 0.44 | 28.15 (26.25–29.75) ± 0.62 | 14.45 (13.25–15.25) ± 0.40 | 14.05 (12.75–15.25) ± 0.43 | 7.05)6.25–7.75) ± 0.25 | 218.2 (210.25–225.25) ± 2.85 | 17.1 (15.25–18.75) ± 0.64 | |
Ab | 34.45 (32.75–36.25) ± 0.60 | 14.15 (12.75–15.25) ± 0.43 | 14.15 (12.75–15.25) ± 0.43 | 6.15 (5.25–7.25) ± 0.40 | 14.15 (12.75–15.25) ± 0.43 | 11.35 (10.25–12.75) ± 0.43 | 27.95 (26.25–29.75) ± 0.60 | 14.10 (12.75–15.25) ± 0.43 | 6.65 (5.25–7.75) ± 0.43 | 5.25 (4.25–6.25) ± 0.35 | 236.0 (224.75–247.75) ± 3.7 | 22.85 (21.25–25.25) ± 0.73 | |
Ad | 85.20 (64.75–100.2) ± 6.8 | 21.30 (18.75–24.75) ± 1.03 | 32.05 (29.75–34.75) ± 0.81 | 10.30 (8.75–11.75) ± 0.55 | 31.90 (30.25–33.0) ± 0.50 | 19.45 (17.75–20.75) ± 0.53 | 61.9 (52.75–67.75) ± 2.46 | 22.80 (2125–25.25) ± 0.69 | 13.85 (12.75–15.25) ± 0.50 | 3.40 (2.75–4.25) ± 0.26 | Absent | Absent | |
Ab | 47.95 (46.25–49.75) ± 0.60 | 34.15 (32.75–35.25) ± 0.43 | 32.95 (31.25–34.75) ± 0.60 | 10.40 (8.0–12.25) ± 0.85 | 32.75 (31.25–34.75) ± 0.65 | 23.05 (21.75–24.75) ± 0.53 | 44.40 (42.75–46.25) ± 0.61 | 24.85 (23.75–26.50) ± 0.49 | 22.20 (21.25–23.0) ± 0.32 | 4.50 (3.75–5.25) ± 0.25 | Absent | Absent | |
Ad | 35.65 (33.75–37.75) ± 0.67 | 28.25 (25.25–31.25) ± 1.10 | Absent | Absent | |||||||||
Ab | 45.70 (41.25–52.25) ± 2.1 | 29.10 (26.25–22.75) ± 1.3 | 25.85 (23.75–27.75) ± 0.79 | 4.85 (3.75–6.25) ± 0.43 | 25.60 (23.75–27.75) ± 0.69 | 15.45 (13.75–17.25) ± 0.60 | 43.0 (38.75–48.75) ± 1.64 | 22.50 (18.75–28.75) ± 1.79 | 12.85 (11.25–14.75) ± 0.64 | 7.70 (5.50–10.25) ± 0.85 | Absent | Absent | |
Ad | 30.35 (24.75–36.25) ± 1.90 | 21.25 (18.75–23.75) ± 0.92 | 17.95 (16.25–19.75) ± 0.60 | 5.20 (4.50–6.25) ± 0.30 | 17.95 (16.25–19.75) ± 0.60 | 12.30 (11.25–13.25) ± 0.33 | 34.70 (33.75–35.50) ± 0.32 | 17.15 (15.25–18.75) ± 0.62 | 9.85 (8.75–11.25) ± 0.43 | 3.60 (3.0–4.25) ± 0.21 | Absent | Absent | |
Ab | 42.35 (41.25–43.75) ± 0.43 | 30.15 (28.75–31.25) ± 0.43 | 20.25 (17.75–23.75) ± 1.04 | 7.20 (6.25–8.0) ± 0.32 | 21.85 (17.75–24.75) ± 1.20 | 14.55 (13.75–15.25) ± 0.25 | 44.95 (43.75–46.25) ± 0.40 | 27.20 (25.75–29.0) ± 0.57 | 10.50 (8.75–12.25) ± 0.60 | 4.85 (3.75–6.25) ± 0.43 | Absent | Absent |
S. No. | Taxa | Collector | Voucher number | Altitude (m) | Locality | District |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Aqsa Abid | 131601 | 540 | QAU | Islamabad | |
2 | Aqsa Abid | 131602 | 508 | Rawalpindi | Punjab | |
3 | Aqsa Abid | 131603 | 540 | QAU | Islamabad | |
4 | Sabir Ahmed | 131604 | 540 | Capital territory | Islamabad | |
5 | Aqsa Abid, Salman | 131605 | 540 | QAU colony | Islamabad | |
6 | Aqsa Abid | 131606 | 1064 | Margalla hills | Islamabad | |
7 | Aqsa Abid | 131607 | 508 | Rawalpindi | Punjab | |
8 | Aqsa Abid | 131608 | 980 | Islamia college Peshawar | KPK | |
9 | Aqsa Abid | 131609 | 508 | Rawalpindi | Punjab | |
10 | Aqsa Abid | 131610 | 540 | Capital territory | Islamabad | |
11 | Aqsa Abid | 131611 | 508 | Dhamial camp | Punjab | |
12 | Aqsa Abid | 131612 | 540 | QAU girls hostel | Islamabad | |
13 | Aqsa Abid | 131613 | 540 | QAU | Islamabad | |
14 | Aqsa Abid | 131614 | 279 | Chakri | Rawalpimdi | |
15 | Aqsa Abid | 131615 | 482 | Dhamial camp | Rawalpindi | |
16 | Aqsa Abid | 131616 | 508 | Rawalpindi | Punjab | |
17 | Aqsa Abid | 131617 | 540 | QAU | Islamabad | |
18 | Beenish | 131618 | 165 | Dera ismail khan | Punjab | |
19 | Aqsa Abid | 131619 | 482 | Dhamial camp | Islamabad | |
20 | Aqsa Abid | 131620 | 540 | QAU | Islamabad | |
21 | Aqsa Abid | 131621 | 1604 | Margalla hills | Islamabad | |
22 | Aqsa Abid | 131622 | 279 | Chakri | Rawalpindi | |
23 | Aqsa Abid | 131623 | 500 | Morgah | Rawalpindi | |
24 | Aqsa Abid | 131624 | 540 | Capital territory | Islamabad | |
25 | Bushra Ali | 131625 | 2601 | Khaplu | Gilgit Baltistan |