[
Achhal, A., Akabli, O., Barbero, M., Benabid, A., M’hirit, A., Peyre, C., Quezel, P. & Rivas-Martinez S. (1979). A propos de la valeur bioclimatique et dynamique de quelques essences forestières au Maroc. Ecol. Mediterr., 5, 211‒249.10.3406/ecmed.1979.960
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Alaoui, A., Laaribya, S., Ayan, S., Ghallab, A. & López-Tirado J. (2021). Modelling spatial distribution of endemic Moroccan (Abies marocana Trabut) in Talassemtane National Park, Morocco. Austrian Journal of Forest Science, 138(2), 73‒94.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Alaoui, M.L., Knees, S. & Gardner M. (2011). Abies pinsapo var. Marocana. Ceballos & Bolaño. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. DOI: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2011-2.RLTS.T34126A9841418.en.
]Ouvrir le DOISearch in Google Scholar
[
Alimonti, G., Mariani, L., Prodi, F. & Ricci R.A. (2022). A critical assessment of extreme events trends in times of global warming. The European Physical Journal Plus, 137(1), 112. DOI: 10.1140/epjp/s13360-021-02243-9.
]Ouvrir le DOISearch in Google Scholar
[
Allouche, O., Tsoar, A. & Kadmon R. (2006). Assessing the accuracy of species distribution models : Prevalence, kappa and the true skill statistic (TSS): Assessing the accuracy of distribution models. J. Appl. Ecol., 43(6), 1223‒1232. DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2664.2006.01214.x.
]Ouvrir le DOISearch in Google Scholar
[
Austin, M. (2007). Species distribution models and ecological theory : A critical assessment and some possible new approaches. Ecol. Model., 200(1–2), 1‒19. DOI:10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2006.07.005
]Ouvrir le DOISearch in Google Scholar
[
Barbero, M. & Quezel P. (1975). Les forêts de sapin sur le pourtour méditerranéen. Anales Inst. Bot. Cavanilies, 32(2), 1245‒1289.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Benabid, A. (1982). Bref aperçu sur la zonation altitudinale de la végétation climacique du Maroc. Ecol. Mediterr., 8(1), 301‒315. DOI: 10.3406/ecmed.1982.1956.
]Ouvrir le DOISearch in Google Scholar
[
Benabid, A. (2000). Flore et écosystèmes du Maroc : Evaluation et préservation de la biodiversité. Ibis Press & Kalila Wa Dimna. http://agris.fao.org/agris-search/search.do?recordID=XF2015030117
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Benabou, A., Moukrim, S., Lahssini, S., El Aboudi, A., Menzou, K., Elmalki, M., El Madihi, M., & Rhazi, L. (2022). Impact of the climate change on potential distribution of Quercus suber in the conditions of North Africa. Biosyst. Divers., 30(3), 289‒294. DOI: 10.15421/012233.
]Ouvrir le DOISearch in Google Scholar
[
Ben-Said, M., Ghallab, A., Lamrhari, H., Carreira, J.A., Linares, J.C. & Taïqui L. (2020). Characterizing spatial structure of Abies marocana forest through point pattern analysis. Forest Systems, 29(2), e014. DOI: 10.5424/fs/2020292-16754.
]Ouvrir le DOISearch in Google Scholar
[
Brooks, T.M., Mittermeier, R.A., Mittermeier, C.G., da Fonseca, G.A.B., Ry-lands, A.B., Konstant, W.R., Flick, P., Pilgrim, J., Oldfield, S., Magin, G. & Hilton-Taylor C. (2002). Habitat Loss and Extinction in the Hotspots of Biodiversity. Conserv. Biol., 16(4), 909‒923. DOI: 10.1046/j.1523-1739.2002.00530.x.
]Ouvrir le DOISearch in Google Scholar
[
Castro, I., Stan, A. B., Taiqui, L., Schiefer, E., Ghallab, A., Derak, M. & Fulé P.Z. (2022). Detecting Fire-Caused Forest Loss in a Moroccan Protected Area. Fire, 5(2), 51. DOI: 10.3390/fire5020051.
]Ouvrir le DOISearch in Google Scholar
[
Di Nuzzo, L., Vallese, C., Benesperi, R., Giordani, P., Chiarucci, A., Di Cecco, V., Di Martino, L., Di Musciano, M., Gheza, G., Lelli, C., Spitale, D. & Nascimbene J. (2021). Contrasting multitaxon responses to climate change in Mediterranean mountains. Scientific Reports, 11(1), 4438. DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-83866-x.790482033627718
]Ouvrir le DOISearch in Google Scholar
[
Dinerstein, E., Olson, D., Joshi, A., Vynne, C., Burgess, N.D., Wikramanayake, E., Hahn, N., Palminteri, S., Hedao, P., Noss, R., Hansen, M., Locke, H., Ellis, E.C., Jones, B., Barber, C.V., Hayes, R., Kormos, C., Martin, V., Crist, E., Sechrest, W., Price, L., Baillie, J.E.M., Weede, D., Suckling, K., Davis, C., Sizer, N., Moore, R., Thau, D., Birch, T., Potapov, P., Turubanova, S., Tyukavina, A., de Souza, N., Pintea, L., Brito, J.C., Llewellyn, O.A., Miller, A.G., Patzelt, A., Ghazanfar, S.A., Timber-lake, J., Klöser, H., Shennan-Farpón, Y., Kindt, R., Lillesø Barnekow, J.-P., van Breugel, P., Graudal, L., Voge M., Al-Shammari, K.F. & Saleem M. (2017). An Ecoregion-Based Approach to Protecting Half the Terrestrial Realm. BioScience, 67(6), 534‒545. DOI: 10.1093/biosci/bix014.545128728608869
]Ouvrir le DOISearch in Google Scholar
[
Driouech, F., Déqué, M. & Sánchez-Gómez E. (2010). Weather regimes—Moroccan precipitation link in a regional climate change simulation. Global and Planetary Change, 72(1), 1‒10. DOI: 10.1016/j.gloplacha.2010.03.004.
]Ouvrir le DOISearch in Google Scholar
[
Elith, J. & Graham C.H. (2009). Do they? How do they? WHY do they differ? On finding reasons for differing performances of species distribution models. Ecography, 32(1), 66‒77. DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0587.2008.05505.x.
]Ouvrir le DOISearch in Google Scholar
[
Elith, J., Graham, C.H., Anderson, R., Dudík, M., Ferrier, S.J., Hijmans, R., Guisan, A., Huettmann, F., Leathwick, J.R., Lehmann, A., Li, J. & Lohmann L.G. (2006). Novel methods improve prediction of species’ distributions from occurrence data. Ecography, 29(2), 129‒151. DOI: 10.1111/j.2006.0906-7590.04596.x.
]Ouvrir le DOISearch in Google Scholar
[
Fennane, M. & Ibn Tattou M. (2012). Statistiques et commentaires sur l’inventaire actuel de la flore vasculaire du Maroc. Bulletin de l’Institut Scientifique, Rabat, section Sciences de la Vie, 34(1), 1‒9.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Fick, S.E. & Hijmans R.J. (2017). WorldClim 2 : New 1-km spatial resolution climate surfaces for global land areas. International Journal of Climatology, 37(12), 4302‒4315. DOI: 10.1002/joc.5086.
]Ouvrir le DOISearch in Google Scholar
[
Fitzpatrick, M.C., Gotelli, N.J. & Ellison A.M. (2013). MaxEnt versus Max-Like : Empirical comparisons with ant species distributions. Ecosphere, 4(5), art55. DOI: 10.1890/ES13-00066.1.
]Ouvrir le DOISearch in Google Scholar
[
Fordham, D.A., Resit Akçakaya, H., Araújo, M.B., Elith, J., Keith, D.A., Pearson, R., Auld, T.D., Mellin, C., Morgan, J.W., Regan, T.J., Tozer, M., Watts, M.J., White, M., Wintle, B.A., Yates, C. & Brook B.W. (2012). Plant extinction risk under climate change : Are forecast range shifts alone a good indicator of species vulnerability to global warming? Global Change Biology, 18(4), 1357‒1371. DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2486.2011.02614.x.
]Ouvrir le DOISearch in Google Scholar
[
Franklin, J. (2009). Mapping species distributions : Spatial inference and prediction. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. DOI: 10.1017/CBO9780511810602.
]Ouvrir le DOISearch in Google Scholar
[
Gazol, A., Camarero, J.J., Gutiérrez, E., Popa, I., Andreu-Hayles, L., Motta, R., Nola, P., Ribas, M., Sangüesa-Barreda, G., Urbinati, C. & Carrer M. (2015). Distinct effects of climate warming on populations of silver fir ( Abies alba ) across Europe. J. Biogeogr., 42(6), 1150‒1162. DOI: 10.1111/jbi.12512.
]Ouvrir le DOISearch in Google Scholar
[
Gbetoho, A.J., Aoudji, A.K.N., Roxburgh, L. & Ganglo J.C. (2017). Assessing the suitability of pioneer species for secondary forest restoration in Benin in the context of global climate change. Bois For. Trop., 232(2), 43‒55. DOI: 10.19182/bft2017.332.a31332.
]Ouvrir le DOISearch in Google Scholar
[
Gleckler, P.J., Taylor, K.E. & Doutriaux C. (2008). Performance metrics for climate models. J. Geophys. Res., 113(D6). DOI: 10.1029/2007JD008972
]Ouvrir le DOISearch in Google Scholar
[
Guisan, A., Thuiller, W. & Zimmermann N.E. (2017). Habitat suitability and distribution models with applications in R. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. DOI: 10.1017/9781139028271.
]Ouvrir le DOISearch in Google Scholar
[
Guisan, A. & Zimmermann N.E. (2000). Predictive habitat distribution models in ecology. Ecol. Model., 135(2), 147‒186. DOI: 10.1016/s0304-3800(00)00354-9.
]Ouvrir le DOISearch in Google Scholar
[
Hanley, J.A. & McNeil B.J. (1982). The meaning and use of the area under a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Radiology, 143(1), 29‒36. DOI: 10.1148/radiology.143.1.7063747.7063747
]Ouvrir le DOISearch in Google Scholar
[
Hooper, D.U., Adair, E.C., Cardinale, B.J., Byrnes, J.E., Hungate, B.A., Matulich, K.L., Gonzalez, A., Duffy, J.E., Gamfeldt, L. & O’Connor M.I. (2012). A global synthesis reveals biodiversity loss as a major driver of ecosystem change. Nature, 486(7401), 105‒108. DOI: 10.1038/nature11118.22678289
]Ouvrir le DOISearch in Google Scholar
[
Hughes, L. (2000). Biological consequences of global warming : Is the signal already apparent? Trends Ecol. Evol., 15(2), 56‒61. DOI: 10.1016/S0169-5347(99)01764-4.
]Ouvrir le DOISearch in Google Scholar
[
Iler, A.M., Compagnoni, A., Inouye, D.W., Williams, J.L., CaraDonna, P.J., Anderson, A. & Miller T.E.X. (2019). Reproductive losses due to climate change-induced earlier flowering are not the primary threat to plant population viability in a perennial herb. J. Ecol., 107(4), 1931‒1943. DOI: 10.1111/1365-2745.13146.
]Ouvrir le DOISearch in Google Scholar
[
IPCC (2013). Climate change 2013 : The physical science basis. Contribution of working group I to the fifth assessment report of the intergovernmental panel on climate change. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
IPCC (2021). Summary for Policymakers. In : Climate Change 2021 : The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. DOI: 10.1017/9781009157896.001
]Ouvrir le DOISearch in Google Scholar
[
Khabbach, A., Libiad, M., Haissoufi, M.E., Bourgou, S., Megdiche, W., Lamchouri, F., Ghrabi-Gammar, Z., Menteli, V., Vokou, D., Tsoktouridis, G. & Krigas N. (2022). Electronic commerce of the endemic plants of northern Morocco (mediterranean coast-rif) and Tunisia over the internet. Botanical Sciences, 100(1), 139‒152. DOI: 10.17129/botsci.2850.
]Ouvrir le DOISearch in Google Scholar
[
Knutti, R., Abramowitz, G., Eyring, V., Gleckler, P.J., Hewitson, B. & Mearns L. (2010). Good practice guidance paper on assessing and combining multi model climate projections. In T.F. Stocker, D. Qin, G.-K. Plattner, M. Tignor & P.M. Midgley (Eds.), Meeting Report of the IPCC Expert meeting on assessing and combining multi model climate projections (pp. 1‒11). IPCC Working Group I Technical Support Unit, University of Bern. https://academicjournals.org/journal/JENE/article-abstract/C1CDB822968.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Kriegler, E., O’Neill, B.C., Hallegatte, S., Kram, T., Lempert, R.J., Moss, R.H. & Wilbanks T. (2012). The need for and use of socio-economic scenarios for climate change analysis : A new approach based on shared socio-economic pathways. Global Environmental Change, 22(4), 807‒822. DOI: 10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2012.05.005.
]Ouvrir le DOISearch in Google Scholar
[
Linares, J.C. (2011). Biogeography and evolution of Abies (Pinaceae) in the Mediterranean Basin : The roles of long-term climatic change and glacial refugia: Biogeography and evolution of the circum-Mediterranean firs. J. Biogeogr., 38(4), 619‒630. DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2699.2010.02458.x.
]Ouvrir le DOISearch in Google Scholar
[
López-Tirado, J. & Hidalgo P.J. (2014). A high resolution predictive model for relict trees in the Mediterranean-mountain forests (Pinus sylvestris L., P. nigra Arnold and Abies pinsapo Boiss.) from the south of Spain : A reliable management tool for reforestation. For. Ecol. Manag., 330, 105‒114. DOI: 10.1016/j.foreco.2014.07.009.
]Ouvrir le DOISearch in Google Scholar
[
Malcolm, J.R., Liu, C., Neilson, R.P., Hansen, L. & Hannah L. (2006). Global warming and extinctions of endemic species from biodiversity hotspots. Conserv. Biol., 20(2), 538‒548. DOI: 10.1111/j.1523-1739.2006.00364.x.16903114
]Ouvrir le DOISearch in Google Scholar
[
McCarty, J.P. (2001). Ecological consequences of recent climate change. Conserv. Biol., 15(2), 320‒331. DOI: 10.1046/j.1523-1739.2001.015002320.x
]Ouvrir le DOISearch in Google Scholar
[
Medail, F. & Quezel P. (1997). Hot-spots analysis for conservation of plant biodiversity in the mediterranean basin. Ann. Mo. Bot. Gard., 84(1), 112. DOI: 10.2307/2399957.
]Ouvrir le DOISearch in Google Scholar
[
Merow, C., Smith, M.J. & Silander J.A. (2013). A practical guide to MaxEnt for modeling species’ distributions : What it does, and why inputs and settings matter. Ecography, 36(10), 1058‒1069. DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0587.2013.07872.x.
]Ouvrir le DOISearch in Google Scholar
[
Miller, R.G. (1974). An Unbalanced Jackknife. Annals of Statistics, 2(5), 880‒891. DOI: DOI: 10.1214/aos/1176342811.
]Ouvrir le DOISearch in Google Scholar
[
Moore, H.M., Fox, H.R., Harrouni, M.C. & Alami A.E. (1998). Environmental challenges in the Rif mountains, northern Morocco. Environ. Conserv., 25(4), 354‒365. DOI: 10.1017/S0376892998000435.
]Ouvrir le DOISearch in Google Scholar
[
Moritz, C. & Agudo R. (2013). The Future of Species Under Climate Change : Resilience or Decline? Science, 341(6145), 504‒508. DOI: 10.1126/science.1237190.23908228
]Ouvrir le DOISearch in Google Scholar
[
Moukrim, S., Lahssini, S., Rhazi, M., Alaoui, H.M., Benabou, A., Wahby, I., El Madihi, M., Arahou, M. & Rhazi L. (2019). Climate change impacts on potential distribution of multipurpose agro-forestry species : Argania spinosa (L.) Skeels as case study. Agrofor. Syst., 93(4), 1209‒1219. DOI: 10.1007/s10457-018-0232-8.
]Ouvrir le DOISearch in Google Scholar
[
Moukrim, S., Lahssini, S., Rifai, N., Menzou, K., Mharzi-Alaoui, H., Labbaci, A., Rhazi, M., Wahby, I. W., El Madihi, M. & Rhazi L. (2020). Modélisation de la distribution potentielle de Cedrus atlantica Manetti au Maroc et impacts du changement climatique. Bois For. Trop., 344, 3‒16. DOI: 10.19182/bft2020.344.a31888.
]Ouvrir le DOISearch in Google Scholar
[
Myers, N., Mittermeier, R.A., Mittermeier, C.G., Da Fonseca, G.A. & Kent J. (2000). Biodiversity hotspots for conservation priorities. Nature, 403(6772), 853‒858. DOI: 10.1038/35002501.10706275
]Ouvrir le DOISearch in Google Scholar
[
Navarro-Cerrillo, R.M., Manzanedo, R.D., Rodriguez-Vallejo, C., Gazol, A., Palacios-Rodríguez, G. & Camarero J.J. (2020). Competition modulates the response of growth to climate in pure and mixed Abies pinsapo subsp. Maroccana forests in northern Morocco. For. Ecol. Manag., 459, 117847. DOI: 10.1016/j.foreco.2019.117847.
]Ouvrir le DOISearch in Google Scholar
[
NFI (2005). National Forest Inventory; High Commission for Water, Forests and Combating Desertification, Morocco.Map.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Phillips, S.J., Anderson, R.P. & Schapire R.E. (2006). Maximum entropy modeling of species geographic distributions. Ecol. Model., 190(3‒4), 231‒259. DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2005.03.026.
]Ouvrir le DOISearch in Google Scholar
[
Phillips, S.J. & Dudík M. (2008). Modeling of species distributions with Maxent : New extensions and a comprehensive evaluation. Ecography, 31(2), 161‒175. DOI: 10.1111/j.0906-7590.2008.5203.x.
]Ouvrir le DOISearch in Google Scholar
[
Pielke Jr, R., Burgess, M.G. & Ritchie J. (2022). Plausible 2005–2050 emissions scenarios project between 2 °C and 3 °C of warming by 2100. Environmental Research Letters, 17(2), 024027. DOI: 10.1088/1748-9326/ac4ebf.
]Ouvrir le DOISearch in Google Scholar
[
Pierce, D.W., Barnett, T.P., Santer, B.D. & Gleckler P.J. (2009). Selecting global climate models for regional climate change studies. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci., 106(21), 8441‒8446. DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0900094106.268900319439652
]Ouvrir le DOISearch in Google Scholar
[
Quezel, P. (1998). Diversité et répartition des sapins sur le pourtour méditerranéen. Forêt Méditerranéenne, 19(2), 93‒104.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Savage, J. & Vellend M. (2015). Elevational shifts, biotic homogenization and time lags in vegetation change during 40 years of climate warming. Ecography, 38(6), 546‒555. DOI: 10.1111/ecog.01131.
]Ouvrir le DOISearch in Google Scholar
[
Sánchez-Robles, J.M., Balao, F., Terrab, A., García-Castaño, J.L., Ortiz, M.A., Vela, E. & Talavera S. (2014). Phylogeography of SW Mediterranean firs : Different European origins for the North African Abies species. Mol. Phylogenet. Evol., 79, 42‒53. DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2014.06.005.24971738
]Ouvrir le DOISearch in Google Scholar
[
Sánchez-Velásquez, L. R., Pineda-López, M. del R., Ibarra-Zavaleta, S. P. & López-Serrano Y. (2021). Fir forest demography using matrix projections : Anomaly precipitation due to climatic change decrease population viability. For. Ecol. Manag., 482, 118845. DOI: 10.1016/j.foreco.2020.118845.
]Ouvrir le DOISearch in Google Scholar
[
Swets, J.A. (1988). Measuring the Accuracy of Diagnostic Systems. Science, New Series, 240(4857), 1285‒1293. DOI: 10.1126/science.3287615.3287615
]Ouvrir le DOISearch in Google Scholar
[
Terhürne-Berson, R., Litt, T. & Cheddadi R. (2004). The spread of Abies throughout Europe since the last glacial period : Combined macrofossil and pollen data. Veg. Hist. Archaeobot., 13(4), 257‒268. DOI: 10.1007/s00334-004-0049-4.
]Ouvrir le DOISearch in Google Scholar
[
Thomas, C.D., Cameron, A., Green, R.E., Bakkenes, M., Beaumont, L.J., Collingham, Y.C., Erasmus, B.F., De Siqueira, M.F., Grainger, A., Hannah, L., Hughes, L., Huntley, B., van Jaarsveld, A.S., Midgley, G.F., Miles, L., Ortega-Huerta, M.A., Peterson, A.T., Phillips, O.L. & Williams S.E. (2004). Extinction risk from climate change. Nature, 427(6970), 145‒148. DOI: 10.1038/nature02121.14712274
]Ouvrir le DOISearch in Google Scholar
[
Thuiller, W., Albert, C., Araújo, M.B., Berry, P.M., Cabeza, M., Guisan, A., Hickler, T., Midgley, G.F., Paterson, J., Schurr, F.M., Sykes, M.T. & Zimmermann N.E. (2008). Predicting global change impacts on plant species’ distributions : Future challenges. Perspect. Plant Ecol., Evolution and Systematics, 9(3‒4), 137‒152. DOI: 10.1016/j.ppees.2007.09.004.
]Ouvrir le DOISearch in Google Scholar
[
Trabut, L. (1928). Le Sapin du Maroc. Abies maroccana Trab. (Soc. Bot. Fr., 1906). Bulletin de la Société Botanique de France, 75(5), 897‒902. DOI: 10.1080/00378941.1928.10837111.
]Ouvrir le DOISearch in Google Scholar
[
Vitt, P., Havens, K., Kramer, A.T., Sollenberger, D. & Yates E. (2010). Assisted migration of plants : Changes in latitudes, changes in attitudes. Biol. Conserv., 143(1), 18‒27. DOI: 10.1016/j.biocon.2009.08.015.
]Ouvrir le DOISearch in Google Scholar
[
Weigel, A.P., Knutti, R., Liniger, M.A. & Appenzeller C. (2010). Risks of model weighting in multimodel climate projections. Journal of Climate, 23(15), 4175‒4191. DOI: 10.1175/2010JCLI3594.1.
]Ouvrir le DOISearch in Google Scholar
