Accès libre

Tourism Impact Dimensions, Residents’ Quality of Life and Support for Tourism in Hunza Valley, Pakistan

À propos de cet article

Citez

Allen, L. R., Long, P. T., Perdue, R. R., & Kieselbach, S. (1988). The Impact Of Tourism Development On Residents’ Perceptions Of Community Life. Journal of Travel Research, 27(1), 16–21. https://doi.org/10.1177/004728758802700104 AllenL. R. LongP. T. PerdueR. R. KieselbachS. 1988 The Impact Of Tourism Development On Residents’ Perceptions Of Community Life Journal of Travel Research 27 1 16 21 https://doi.org/10.1177/004728758802700104 10.1177/004728758802700104 Search in Google Scholar

Al-Saad, S., Al-Orainat, L., Al-Badarneh, M., & Al-Makhadmeh, A. (2018b). Residents’ perceptions towards tourism and its impacts on their quality of life in Aqaba city. Dirasat: Human and Social Sciences, 45, 229–44. Al-SaadS. Al-OrainatL. Al-BadarnehM. Al-MakhadmehA. 2018b Residents’ perceptions towards tourism and its impacts on their quality of life in Aqaba city Dirasat: Human and Social Sciences 45 229 44 10.35516/0103-045-001-019 Search in Google Scholar

Andereck, K. L., Valentine, K. M., Knopf, R. C., & Vogt, C. A. (2005). Residents’ perceptions of community tourism impacts. Annals of Tourism Research, 32(4), 1056–76. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2005.03.001 AndereckK. L. ValentineK. M. KnopfR. C. VogtC. A. 2005 Residents’ perceptions of community tourism impacts Annals of Tourism Research 32 4 1056 76 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2005.03.001 10.1016/j.annals.2005.03.001 Search in Google Scholar

Andereck, K. L., Valentine, K. M., Vogt, C. A., & Knopf, R. C. (2007). A cross-cultural analysis of tourism and quality of life perceptions. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 15(5), 483–502. https://doi.org/10.2167/jost612.0 AndereckK. L. ValentineK. M. VogtC. A. KnopfR. C. 2007 A cross-cultural analysis of tourism and quality of life perceptions Journal of Sustainable Tourism 15 5 483 502 https://doi.org/10.2167/jost612.0 10.2167/jost612.0 Search in Google Scholar

Andereck, K. L., & Vogt, C. A. (2000). The relationship between residents’ attitudes toward tourism and tourism development options. Journal of Travel Research, 39(1), 27–36. https://doi.org/10.1177/004728750003900104 AndereckK. L. VogtC. A. 2000 The relationship between residents’ attitudes toward tourism and tourism development options Journal of Travel Research 39 1 27 36 https://doi.org/10.1177/004728750003900104 10.1177/004728750003900104 Search in Google Scholar

Ap, J. (1990). Residents’ perceptions research on the social impacts of tourism. Annals of Tourism Research, 17(4), 610–616. https://doi.org/10.1016/0160-7383(90)90032-M ApJ. 1990 Residents’ perceptions research on the social impacts of tourism Annals of Tourism Research 17 4 610 616 https://doi.org/10.1016/0160-7383(90)90032-M 10.1016/0160-7383(90)90032-M Search in Google Scholar

Ap, J. (1992a). Residents’ perceptions on tourism impacts. Annals of Tourism Research, 19(4), 665–690. https://doi.org/10.1016/0160-7383(92)90060-3 ApJ. 1992a Residents’ perceptions on tourism impacts Annals of Tourism Research 19 4 665 690 https://doi.org/10.1016/0160-7383(92)90060-3 10.1016/0160-7383(92)90060-3 Search in Google Scholar

Ap, J. (1992b). Residents’ perceptions on tourism impacts. Annals of Tourism Research, 19(4), 665–690. https://doi.org/10.1016/0160-7383(92)90060-3 ApJ. 1992b Residents’ perceptions on tourism impacts Annals of Tourism Research 19 4 665 690 https://doi.org/10.1016/0160-7383(92)90060-3 10.1016/0160-7383(92)90060-3 Search in Google Scholar

Arshad, M. I., Iqbal, M. A., & Shahbaz, M. (2018). Pakistan tourism industry and challenges: A review. Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research, 23(2), 121–132. https://doi.org/10.1080/10941665.2017.1410192 ArshadM. I. IqbalM. A. ShahbazM. 2018 Pakistan tourism industry and challenges: A review Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research 23 2 121 132 https://doi.org/10.1080/10941665.2017.1410192 10.1080/10941665.2017.1410192 Search in Google Scholar

Azam, M., Mahmudul Alam, M., & Haroon Hafeez, M. (2018). Effect of tourism on environmental pollution: Further evidence from Malaysia, Singapore and Thailand. Journal of Cleaner Production, 190, 330–38. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.04.168 AzamM. Mahmudul AlamM. Haroon HafeezM. 2018 Effect of tourism on environmental pollution: Further evidence from Malaysia, Singapore and Thailand Journal of Cleaner Production 190 330 38 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.04.168 10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.04.168 Search in Google Scholar

Brida, J. G., Disegna, M., & Osti, L. (2014). Publications. Tourismos : An International Multidisciplinary Journal of Tourism, 9, 37–71. BridaJ. G. DisegnaM. OstiL. 2014 Publications Tourismos : An International Multidisciplinary Journal of Tourism 9 37 71 Search in Google Scholar

Brunt, P., & Courtney, P. (1999). Host perceptions of sociocultural impacts. Annals of Tourism Research, 26(3), 493–515. BruntP. CourtneyP. 1999 Host perceptions of sociocultural impacts Annals of Tourism Research 26 3 493 515 10.1016/S0160-7383(99)00003-1 Search in Google Scholar

Choi, H.-S. C., & Sirakaya, E. (2005). Measuring residents’ attitude toward sustainable tourism: Development of sustainable tourism attitude scale. Journal of Travel Research, 43(4), 380–394. https://doi.org/10.1177/0047287505274651 ChoiH.-S. C. SirakayaE. 2005 Measuring residents’ attitude toward sustainable tourism: Development of sustainable tourism attitude scale Journal of Travel Research 43 4 380 394 https://doi.org/10.1177/0047287505274651 10.1177/0047287505274651 Search in Google Scholar

Chowdhury, A., Raj, R., & Griffin, K. (2017). Terrorism, Tourism and Religious Travellers. 5, 20. ChowdhuryA. RajR. GriffinK. 2017 Terrorism, Tourism and Religious Travellers 5 20 Search in Google Scholar

Croes, R. (2012). Assessing Tourism Development from Sen's Capability Approach. Journal of Travel Research, 51(5), 542–554. https://doi.org/10.1177/0047287511431323 CroesR. 2012 Assessing Tourism Development from Sen's Capability Approach Journal of Travel Research 51 5 542 554 https://doi.org/10.1177/0047287511431323 10.1177/0047287511431323 Search in Google Scholar

Diener, E. (1984). Subjective well-being. Psychological Bulletin, 95(3), 542–75. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.95.3.542 DienerE. 1984 Subjective well-being Psychological Bulletin 95 3 542 75 https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.95.3.542 10.1007/978-90-481-2350-6_2 Search in Google Scholar

Dioko, L. (Don) A. N., & So, A. S. I. (2017). Residents’ quality of life and visitors’ quality of experience: Revisiting tourism carrying capacity in Macao. Worldwide Hospitality and Tourism Themes, 9(3), 349–60. https://doi.org/10.1108/WHATT-02-2017-0006 DiokoL. (Don) A. N. SoA. S. I. 2017 Residents’ quality of life and visitors’ quality of experience: Revisiting tourism carrying capacity in Macao Worldwide Hospitality and Tourism Themes 9 3 349 60 https://doi.org/10.1108/WHATT-02-2017-0006 10.1108/WHATT-02-2017-0006 Search in Google Scholar

DongWan, K., & Stewart, W. P. (2002). A structural equation model of residents’ attitudes for tourism development. Tourism Management, 23(5), 521–30. DongWanK. StewartW. P. 2002 A structural equation model of residents’ attitudes for tourism development Tourism Management 23 5 521 30 10.1016/S0261-5177(02)00006-7 Search in Google Scholar

Eshliki, S. A., & Kaboudi, M. (2017). Perception of community in tourism impacts and their participation in tourism planning: Ramsar, Iran. Journal of ASIAN Behavioural Studies, 2(4), 59–69. https://doi.org/10.21834/jabs.v2i4.207 EshlikiS. A. KaboudiM. 2017 Perception of community in tourism impacts and their participation in tourism planning: Ramsar, Iran Journal of ASIAN Behavioural Studies 2 4 59 69 https://doi.org/10.21834/jabs.v2i4.207 10.21834/jabs.v2i4.207 Search in Google Scholar

Fornell, C., & Larcker, D. F. (1981). Evaluating structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error. Journal of Marketing Research, 18(1), 39–50. JSTOR. https://doi.org/10.2307/3151312 FornellC. LarckerD. F. 1981 Evaluating structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error Journal of Marketing Research 18 1 39 50 JSTOR. https://doi.org/10.2307/3151312 10.1177/002224378101800104 Search in Google Scholar

Fredline, E., & Faulkner, B. (2000). Host community reactions. A cluster analysis. Annals of Tourism Research, 27(3), 763–784. FredlineE. FaulknerB. 2000 Host community reactions. A cluster analysis Annals of Tourism Research 27 3 763 784 10.1016/S0160-7383(99)00103-6 Search in Google Scholar

Gursoy, D., Chi, C. G., & Dyer, P. (2009). An examination of locals’ attitudes. Annals of Tourism Research, 36(4), 723–26. GursoyD. ChiC. G. DyerP. 2009 An examination of locals’ attitudes Annals of Tourism Research 36 4 723 26 10.1016/j.annals.2009.06.003 Search in Google Scholar

Gursoy, Dogan, Jurowski, C., & Uysal, M. (2002). Resident attitudes: A structural modeling approach. Annals of Tourism Research, 29(1), 79–105. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0160-7383(01)00028-7 GursoyDogan JurowskiC. UysalM. 2002 Resident attitudes: A structural modeling approach Annals of Tourism Research 29 1 79 105 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0160-7383(01)00028-7 10.1016/S0160-7383(01)00028-7 Search in Google Scholar

Gursoy, Dogan, Ouyang, Z., Nunkoo, R., & Wei, W. (2018). Residents’ impact perceptions of and attitudes towards tourism development: A meta-analysis. Journal of Hospitality Marketing & Management, 0(0), 1–28. https://doi.org/10.1080/19368623.2018.1516589 GursoyDogan OuyangZ. NunkooR. WeiW. 2018 Residents’ impact perceptions of and attitudes towards tourism development: A meta-analysis Journal of Hospitality Marketing & Management 0 0 1 28 https://doi.org/10.1080/19368623.2018.1516589 10.1080/19368623.2018.1516589 Search in Google Scholar

Hair, J. F., Black, W. C., & Babin, B. J. (2010). Multivariate Data Analysis: A Global Perspective. Pearson Education. HairJ. F. BlackW. C. BabinB. J. 2010 Multivariate Data Analysis: A Global Perspective Pearson Education Search in Google Scholar

Hair, J. F., Sarstedt, M., Pieper, T. M., & Ringle, C. M. (2012). The use of partial least squares structural equation modeling in strategic management research: A review of past practices and recommendations for future applications. Long Range Planning, 45(5–6), 320–340. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lrp.2012.09.008 HairJ. F. SarstedtM. PieperT. M. RingleC. M. 2012 The use of partial least squares structural equation modeling in strategic management research: A review of past practices and recommendations for future applications Long Range Planning 45 5–6 320 340 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lrp.2012.09.008 10.1016/j.lrp.2012.09.008 Search in Google Scholar

Haq, F., & Medhekar, A. (2013). Branding spiritual tourism as an innovation for peace between India and Pakistan. International Journal of Social Entrepreneurship and Innovation, 2(5), 404–414. https://doi.org/10.1504/IJSEI.2013.059312 HaqF. MedhekarA. 2013 Branding spiritual tourism as an innovation for peace between India and Pakistan International Journal of Social Entrepreneurship and Innovation 2 5 404 414 https://doi.org/10.1504/IJSEI.2013.059312 10.1504/IJSEI.2013.059312 Search in Google Scholar

Haq, F., & Wong, H. Y. (2013). Branding Islamic Spiritual Tourism: An Exploratory Study in Australia & Pakistan. 10. HaqF. WongH. Y. 2013 Branding Islamic Spiritual Tourism: An Exploratory Study in Australia & Pakistan 10 Search in Google Scholar

Hassani, A., Moghavvemi, S., & Hamzah, A. (2016). The Impact of Emotional Solidarity on Residents’ Attitude and Tourism Development (SSRN Scholarly Paper ID 2834192). Social Science Research Network. https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=2834192 HassaniA. MoghavvemiS. HamzahA. 2016 The Impact of Emotional Solidarity on Residents’ Attitude and Tourism Development (SSRN Scholarly Paper ID 2834192). Social Science Research Network. https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=2834192 Search in Google Scholar

Jaafar, M., Noor, S. M., & Rasoolimanesh, S. M. (2015). Perception of young local residents toward sustainable conservation programmes: A case study of the Lenggong World Cultural Heritage Site. Tourism Management, 48, 154–163. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2014.10.018 JaafarM. NoorS. M. RasoolimaneshS. M. 2015 Perception of young local residents toward sustainable conservation programmes: A case study of the Lenggong World Cultural Heritage Site Tourism Management 48 154 163 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2014.10.018 10.1016/j.tourman.2014.10.018 Search in Google Scholar

Jaafar, M., Rasoolimanesh, S. M., & Ismail, S. (2017). Perceived sociocultural impacts of tourism and community participation: A case study of Langkawi Island. Tourism and Hospitality Research, 17(2), 123–34. https://doi.org/10.1177/1467358415610373 JaafarM. RasoolimaneshS. M. IsmailS. 2017 Perceived sociocultural impacts of tourism and community participation: A case study of Langkawi Island Tourism and Hospitality Research 17 2 123 34 https://doi.org/10.1177/1467358415610373 10.1177/1467358415610373 Search in Google Scholar

Jun, S. H., Pongsata, P., & Noh, J. (2012). An Examination of Residents’ Support for Tourism Development in Thailand. Travel and Tourism Research Association: Advancing Tourism Research Globally. 15., 10. https://scholarworks.umass.edu/ttra/2012/Oral/15 JunS. H. PongsataP. NohJ. 2012 An Examination of Residents’ Support for Tourism Development in Thailand Travel and Tourism Research Association: Advancing Tourism Research Globally 15 10 https://scholarworks.umass.edu/ttra/2012/Oral/15 Search in Google Scholar

Jurowski, C., & Gursoy, D. (2004). DISTANCE EFFECTS ON RESIDENTS’ ATTITUDES TOWARD TOURISM. Annals of Tourism Research, 31(2), 296–312. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2003.12.005 JurowskiC. GursoyD. 2004 DISTANCE EFFECTS ON RESIDENTS’ ATTITUDES TOWARD TOURISM Annals of Tourism Research 31 2 296 312 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2003.12.005 10.1016/j.annals.2003.12.005 Search in Google Scholar

Jurowski, C., Uysal, M., & Williams, D. R. (1997). A Theoretical Analysis of Host Community Resident Reactions to Tourism. Journal of Travel Research, 36(2), 3–11. https://doi.org/10.1177/004728759703600202 JurowskiC. UysalM. WilliamsD. R. 1997 A Theoretical Analysis of Host Community Resident Reactions to Tourism Journal of Travel Research 36 2 3 11 https://doi.org/10.1177/004728759703600202 10.1177/004728759703600202 Search in Google Scholar

Khan, Z., & Khan, M. A. (2020). Determinants of residents’ support for Tourism development-A Pilot Study. Sukkur IBA Journal of Management and Business, 7(2), 1–19. https://doi.org/10.30537/sijmb.v7i2.447 KhanZ. KhanM. A. 2020 Determinants of residents’ support for Tourism development-A Pilot Study Sukkur IBA Journal of Management and Business 7 2 1 19 https://doi.org/10.30537/sijmb.v7i2.447 10.30537/sijmb.v7i2.447 Search in Google Scholar

Khizindar, T. M. (2012). Effects of tourism on residents’ quality of life in Saudi Arabia: An empirical study. Journal of Hospitality Marketing & Management, 21(6), 617–637. https://doi.org/10.1080/19368623.2012.627226 KhizindarT. M. 2012 Effects of tourism on residents’ quality of life in Saudi Arabia: An empirical study Journal of Hospitality Marketing & Management 21 6 617 637 https://doi.org/10.1080/19368623.2012.627226 10.1080/19368623.2012.627226 Search in Google Scholar

Kim, K. (2002). The effects of tourism impacts upon Quality of Life of residents in the community [PhD Thesis, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University]. https://vtechworks.lib.vt.edu/bitstream/handle/10919/29954/Title_and_Text.pdf?sequence=1 KimK. 2002 The effects of tourism impacts upon Quality of Life of residents in the community [PhD Thesis, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University]. https://vtechworks.lib.vt.edu/bitstream/handle/10919/29954/Title_and_Text.pdf?sequence=1 Search in Google Scholar

Kim, K., Uysal, M., & Sirgy, M. J. (2013a). How does tourism in a community impact the quality of life of community residents? Tourism Management, 36, 527–40. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2012.09.005 KimK. UysalM. SirgyM. J. 2013a How does tourism in a community impact the quality of life of community residents? Tourism Management 36 527 40 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2012.09.005 10.1016/j.tourman.2012.09.005 Search in Google Scholar

Kim, K., Uysal, M., & Sirgy, M. J. (2013b). How does tourism in a community impact the quality of life of community residents? Tourism Management, 36, 527–40. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2012.09.005 KimK. UysalM. SirgyM. J. 2013b How does tourism in a community impact the quality of life of community residents? Tourism Management 36 527 40 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2012.09.005 10.1016/j.tourman.2012.09.005 Search in Google Scholar

Kim, K., Uysal, M., & Sirgy, M. J. (2013c). How does tourism in a community impact the quality of life of community residents? Tourism Management, 36, 527–40. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2012.09.005 KimK. UysalM. SirgyM. J. 2013c How does tourism in a community impact the quality of life of community residents? Tourism Management 36 527 40 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2012.09.005 10.1016/j.tourman.2012.09.005 Search in Google Scholar

Ko, D.-W., & Stewart, W. P. (2002). A structural equation model of residents’ attitudes for tourism development. Tourism Management, 23(5), 521–30. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0261-5177(02)00006-7 KoD.-W. StewartW. P. 2002 A structural equation model of residents’ attitudes for tourism development Tourism Management 23 5 521 30 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0261-5177(02)00006-7 10.1016/S0261-5177(02)00006-7 Search in Google Scholar

Kruger, P. S. (Stefan). (2012). Perceptions of Tourism Impacts and Satisfaction with Particular Life Domains. In M. Uysal, R. Perdue, & M. J. Sirgy (Eds.), Handbook of Tourism and Quality-of-Life Research: Enhancing the Lives of Tourists and Residents of Host Communities (pp. 279–292). Springer Netherlands. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-2288-0_16 KrugerP. S. (Stefan) 2012 Perceptions of Tourism Impacts and Satisfaction with Particular Life Domains In UysalM. PerdueR. SirgyM. J. (Eds.), Handbook of Tourism and Quality-of-Life Research: Enhancing the Lives of Tourists and Residents of Host Communities 279 292 Springer Netherlands https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-2288-0_16 10.1007/978-94-007-2288-0_16 Search in Google Scholar

Kusel, J. (1991). Well-being in forest-dependent communities (Vol. 1). Forest and Rangeland Resources Assessment Program. KuselJ. 1991 Well-being in forest-dependent communities 1 Forest and Rangeland Resources Assessment Program Search in Google Scholar

Landau, S., & Everitt, B. (2004). A handbook of statistical analyses using SPSS. Chapman & Hall/CRC. LandauS. EverittB. 2004 A handbook of statistical analyses using SPSS Chapman & Hall/CRC 10.1201/9780203009765 Search in Google Scholar

Lee, T. H. (2013). Influence analysis of community resident support for sustainable tourism development. Tourism Management, 34, 37–46. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2012.03.007 LeeT. H. 2013 Influence analysis of community resident support for sustainable tourism development Tourism Management 34 37 46 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2012.03.007 10.1016/j.tourman.2012.03.007 Search in Google Scholar

Lin, C.-H., Wang, W.-C., & Yeh, Y.-I. (2019). Spatial Distributive Differences in Residents’ Perceptions of Tourism Impacts in Support for Sustainable Tourism Development—Lu-Kang Destination Case. Environments, 6(1), 8. https://doi.org/10.3390/environments6010008 LinC.-H. WangW.-C. YehY.-I. 2019 Spatial Distributive Differences in Residents’ Perceptions of Tourism Impacts in Support for Sustainable Tourism Development—Lu-Kang Destination Case Environments 6 1 8 https://doi.org/10.3390/environments6010008 10.3390/environments6010008 Search in Google Scholar

Madawala, K. H. (2017). PERCEPTION OF RESIDENTS TOWARDS COMMUNITY TOURISM IMPACTS: A CASE STUDY AT MOUNT LAVINIA, SRI LANKA. 1(1), 14. MadawalaK. H. 2017 PERCEPTION OF RESIDENTS TOWARDS COMMUNITY TOURISM IMPACTS: A CASE STUDY AT MOUNT LAVINIA, SRI LANKA 1 1 14 Search in Google Scholar

Mason, P. (2008). Tourism Impacts, Planning and Management, Second Edition (2 edition). Taylor & Francis. MasonP. 2008 Tourism Impacts, Planning and Management, Second Edition 2 edition Taylor & Francis 10.1016/B978-0-7506-8492-7.00007-7 Search in Google Scholar

Mathew, P. V., & Sreejesh, S. (2017). Impact of responsible tourism on destination sustainability and quality of life of community in tourism destinations. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management, 31, 83–89. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhtm.2016.10.001 MathewP. V. SreejeshS. 2017 Impact of responsible tourism on destination sustainability and quality of life of community in tourism destinations Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management 31 83 89 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhtm.2016.10.001 10.1016/j.jhtm.2016.10.001 Search in Google Scholar

Meyers, L. S., Gamst, G. C., & Guarino, A. J. (2012). Applied Multivariate Research: Design and Interpretation (Second edition). SAGE Publications, Inc. MeyersL. S. GamstG. C. GuarinoA. J. 2012 Applied Multivariate Research: Design and Interpretation Second edition SAGE Publications, Inc. Search in Google Scholar

Mieczkowski, Z. (1995). Environmental issues of tourism and recreation. University Press of America. https://books.google.com.pk/books?id=qBaAAAAAMAAJ&q=Mieczkowski,+1995+environmental+impact+of+tourism&dq=Mieczkowski,+1995+environmental+impact+of+tourism&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ah-UKEwi-oout2dLfAhVFPBoKHcVEDUkQ6AEIJzAA MieczkowskiZ. 1995 Environmental issues of tourism and recreation University Press of America https://books.google.com.pk/books?id=qBaAAAAAMAAJ&q=Mieczkowski,+1995+environmental+impact+of+tourism&dq=Mieczkowski,+1995+environmental+impact+of+tourism&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ah-UKEwi-oout2dLfAhVFPBoKHcVEDUkQ6AEIJzAA Search in Google Scholar

Neal, J. D., Uysal, M., & Sirgy, M. J. (2007). The Effect of Tourism Services on Travelers’ Quality of Life. Journal of Travel Research, 46(2), 154–163. https://doi.org/10.1177/0047287507303977 NealJ. D. UysalM. SirgyM. J. 2007 The Effect of Tourism Services on Travelers’ Quality of Life Journal of Travel Research 46 2 154 163 https://doi.org/10.1177/0047287507303977 10.1177/0047287507303977 Search in Google Scholar

Nkemngu, D. A.-A. P. (2015a). Quality of life and tourism impacts: A community perspective. 4, 13. NkemnguD. A.-A. P. 2015a Quality of life and tourism impacts: A community perspective 4 13 Search in Google Scholar

Nkemngu, D. A.-A. P. (2015b). Quality of life and tourism impacts: A community perspective. 4, 13. NkemnguD. A.-A. P. 2015b Quality of life and tourism impacts: A community perspective 4 13 Search in Google Scholar

Nunkoo, R., & Ramkissoon, H. (2010). Small island urban tourism: A residents’ perspective. Current Issues in Tourism, 13(1), 37–60. https://doi.org/10.1080/13683500802499414 NunkooR. RamkissoonH. 2010 Small island urban tourism: A residents’ perspective Current Issues in Tourism 13 1 37 60 https://doi.org/10.1080/13683500802499414 10.1080/13683500802499414 Search in Google Scholar

Nunkoo, R., & Ramkissoon, H. (2011). Residents’ Satisfaction With Community Attributes and Support for Tourism. Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Research, 35(2), 171–190. https://doi.org/10.1177/1096348010384600 NunkooR. RamkissoonH. 2011 Residents’ Satisfaction With Community Attributes and Support for Tourism Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Research 35 2 171 190 https://doi.org/10.1177/1096348010384600 10.1177/1096348010384600 Search in Google Scholar

Nunkoo, R., & Ramkissoon, H. (2012). Power, trust, social exchange and community support. Annals of Tourism Research, 39(2), 997–1023. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2011.11.017 NunkooR. RamkissoonH. 2012 Power, trust, social exchange and community support Annals of Tourism Research 39 2 997 1023 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2011.11.017 10.1016/j.annals.2011.11.017 Search in Google Scholar

Nunkoo, R., & Smith, S. L. J. (2013). Political economy of tourism: Trust in government actors, political support, and their determinants. Tourism Management, 36, 120–132. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2012.11.018 NunkooR. SmithS. L. J. 2013 Political economy of tourism: Trust in government actors, political support, and their determinants Tourism Management 36 120 132 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2012.11.018 10.1016/j.tourman.2012.11.018 Search in Google Scholar

Nunkoo, R., & So, K. K. F. (2016). Residents’ Support for Tourism: Testing Alternative Structural Models. Journal of Travel Research, 55(7), 847–861. https://doi.org/10.1177/0047287515592972 NunkooR. SoK. K. F. 2016 Residents’ Support for Tourism: Testing Alternative Structural Models Journal of Travel Research 55 7 847 861 https://doi.org/10.1177/0047287515592972 10.1177/0047287515592972 Search in Google Scholar

Perdue, R. R., Long, P. T., & Allen, L. (1990). Resident support for tourism development. Annals of Tourism Research, 17(4), 586–599. https://doi.org/10.1016/0160-7383(90)90029-Q PerdueR. R. LongP. T. AllenL. 1990 Resident support for tourism development Annals of Tourism Research 17 4 586 599 https://doi.org/10.1016/0160-7383(90)90029-Q 10.1016/0160-7383(90)90029-Q Search in Google Scholar

Pizam, A. (1978). Tourism's Impacts: The Social Costs to the Destination Community as Perceived by Its Residents. Journal of Travel Research, 16(4), 8–12. https://doi.org/10.1177/004728757801600402 PizamA. 1978 Tourism's Impacts: The Social Costs to the Destination Community as Perceived by Its Residents Journal of Travel Research 16 4 8 12 https://doi.org/10.1177/004728757801600402 10.1177/004728757801600402 Search in Google Scholar

Pırnar, I., & Günlü, E. (2012). Destination Management and Quality-of-Life. In M. Uysal, R. Perdue, & M. J. Sirgy (Eds.), Handbook of Tourism and Quality-of-Life Research: Enhancing the Lives of Tourists and Residents of Host Communities (pp. 529–45). Springer Netherlands. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-2288-0_31 PırnarI. GünlüE. 2012 Destination Management and Quality-of-Life In UysalM. PerdueR. SirgyM. J. (Eds.), Handbook of Tourism and Quality-of-Life Research: Enhancing the Lives of Tourists and Residents of Host Communities 529 45 Springer Netherlands https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-2288-0_31 10.1007/978-94-007-2288-0_31 Search in Google Scholar

Poudel, J. (2017). Socio-Cultural Impact in Tourism: A Case Study of Sauraha, Nepal. Journal of Advanced Academic Research, 1(2), 47–55. PoudelJ. 2017 Socio-Cultural Impact in Tourism: A Case Study of Sauraha, Nepal Journal of Advanced Academic Research 1 2 47 55 10.3126/jaar.v1i2.16588 Search in Google Scholar

Preacher, K. J., & Hayes, A. F. (2008). Asymptotic and resampling strategies for assessing and comparing indirect effects in multiple mediator models. Behavior Research Methods, 40(3), 879–891. https://doi.org/10.3758/BRM.40.3.879 PreacherK. J. HayesA. F. 2008 Asymptotic and resampling strategies for assessing and comparing indirect effects in multiple mediator models Behavior Research Methods 40 3 879 891 https://doi.org/10.3758/BRM.40.3.879 10.3758/BRM.40.3.879 Search in Google Scholar

Rasheed, R., Meo, M. S., Awan, R. U., & Ahmed, F. (2019). The impact of tourism on deficit in balance of payments of Pakistan: An application of bounds testing approach to cointegration. Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research, 24(4), 325–332. https://doi.org/10.1080/10941665.2018.1564345 RasheedR. MeoM. S. AwanR. U. AhmedF. 2019 The impact of tourism on deficit in balance of payments of Pakistan: An application of bounds testing approach to cointegration Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research 24 4 325 332 https://doi.org/10.1080/10941665.2018.1564345 10.1080/10941665.2018.1564345 Search in Google Scholar

Rasoolimanesh, S. M., Jaafar, M., Kock, N., & Ramayah, T. (2015). A revised framework of social exchange theory to investigate the factors influencing residents’ perceptions. Tourism Management Perspectives, 16, 335–45. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmp.2015.10.001 RasoolimaneshS. M. JaafarM. KockN. RamayahT. 2015 A revised framework of social exchange theory to investigate the factors influencing residents’ perceptions Tourism Management Perspectives 16 335 45 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmp.2015.10.001 10.1016/j.tmp.2015.10.001 Search in Google Scholar

Rasoolimanesh, S. M., Noor, S. Md., & Jaafar, M. (2019). Positive and Negative Perceptions of Residents Toward Tourism Development: Formative or Reflective. In S. Rezaei (Ed.), Quantitative Tourism Research in Asia (pp. 247–71). Springer Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-2463-5_12 RasoolimaneshS. M. NoorS. Md. JaafarM. 2019 Positive and Negative Perceptions of Residents Toward Tourism Development: Formative or Reflective In RezaeiS. (Ed.), Quantitative Tourism Research in Asia 247 71 Springer Singapore https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-2463-5_12 10.1007/978-981-13-2463-5_12 Search in Google Scholar

Rasoolimanesh, S. M., Ringle, C. M., Jaafar, M., & Ramayah, T. (2017). Urban vs. rural destinations: Residents’ perceptions, community participation and support for tourism development. Tourism Management, 60, 147–58. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2016.11.019 RasoolimaneshS. M. RingleC. M. JaafarM. RamayahT. 2017 Urban vs. rural destinations: Residents’ perceptions, community participation and support for tourism development Tourism Management 60 147 58 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2016.11.019 10.1016/j.tourman.2016.11.019 Search in Google Scholar

Raykov, T., & Marcoulides, G. A. (2006). A First Course in Structural Equation Modeling (2nd ed.). Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. RaykovT. MarcoulidesG. A. 2006 A First Course in Structural Equation Modeling 2nd ed. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Search in Google Scholar

Raza, S. A., & Jawaid, S. T. (2013). Terrorism and tourism: A conjunction and ramification in Pakistan. Economic Modelling, 33, 65–70. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.econmod.2013.03.008 RazaS. A. JawaidS. T. 2013 Terrorism and tourism: A conjunction and ramification in Pakistan Economic Modelling 33 65 70 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.econmod.2013.03.008 10.1016/j.econmod.2013.03.008 Search in Google Scholar

Rootenberg, C. (2012a). A model of perceived impacts of tourism on residents’ quality of life in selected towns [Thesis, North-West University]. https://repository.nwu.ac.za:443/handle/10394/9825 RootenbergC. 2012a A model of perceived impacts of tourism on residents’ quality of life in selected towns [Thesis, North-West University]. https://repository.nwu.ac.za:443/handle/10394/9825 Search in Google Scholar

Rootenberg, C. (2012b). A Model of Perceived Impacts of Tourism on Residents’ Quality of Life in Selected Towns [North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus]. https://books.google.com.pk/books/about/A_Model_of_Perceived_Impacts_of_Tourism.html?id=Iv8gngEACAAJ&redir_esc=y RootenbergC. 2012b A Model of Perceived Impacts of Tourism on Residents’ Quality of Life in Selected Towns [North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus]. https://books.google.com.pk/books/about/A_Model_of_Perceived_Impacts_of_Tourism.html?id=Iv8gngEACAAJ&redir_esc=y Search in Google Scholar

Rovillé, G. (1988). Ethnic minorities and the development of tourism in the valleys of north Pakistan. IWGIA Documents, No. 61, 146–76. RovilléG. 1988 Ethnic minorities and the development of tourism in the valleys of north Pakistan IWGIA Documents 61 146 76 Search in Google Scholar

Sadler, P. G., & Archer, B. H. (1975). The economic impact of tourism in developing countries. Annals of Tourism Research, 3(1), 15–32. https://doi.org/10.1016/0160-7383(75)90015-8 SadlerP. G. ArcherB. H. 1975 The economic impact of tourism in developing countries Annals of Tourism Research 3 1 15 32 https://doi.org/10.1016/0160-7383(75)90015-8 10.1016/0160-7383(75)90015-8 Search in Google Scholar

Saunders, M. N. K., Lewis, P., & Thornhill, A. (2009). Research methods for business students (5th ed). Prentice Hall. SaundersM. N. K. LewisP. ThornhillA. 2009 Research methods for business students 5th ed Prentice Hall Search in Google Scholar

Sekaran, U., & Bougie, R. (2016). Research Methods For Business: A Skill Building Approach. John Wiley & Sons. SekaranU. BougieR. 2016 Research Methods For Business: A Skill Building Approach John Wiley & Sons Search in Google Scholar

Sharpley, R. (2014). Host perceptions of tourism: A review of the research. Tourism Management, 42, 37–49. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2013.10.007 SharpleyR. 2014 Host perceptions of tourism: A review of the research Tourism Management 42 37 49 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2013.10.007 10.1016/j.tourman.2013.10.007 Search in Google Scholar

Sinclair-Maragh, G., & Gursoy, D. (2016). A Conceptual Model of Residents’ Support for Tourism Development in Developing Countries. Tourism Planning & Development, 13(1), 1–22. https://doi.org/10.1080/21568316.2015.1047531 Sinclair-MaraghG. GursoyD. 2016 A Conceptual Model of Residents’ Support for Tourism Development in Developing Countries Tourism Planning & Development 13 1 1 22 https://doi.org/10.1080/21568316.2015.1047531 10.1080/21568316.2015.1047531 Search in Google Scholar

Sinclair-Maragh, G., Gursoy, D., & Vieregge, M. (2015). Residents’ perceptions toward tourism development: A factor-cluster approach. Journal of Destination Marketing & Management, 4(1), 36–45. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdmm.2014.10.001 Sinclair-MaraghG. GursoyD. ViereggeM. 2015 Residents’ perceptions toward tourism development: A factor-cluster approach Journal of Destination Marketing & Management 4 1 36 45 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdmm.2014.10.001 10.1016/j.jdmm.2014.10.001 Search in Google Scholar

Sirgy, J. (2002). The Psychology of Quality of Life. Springer Netherlands. //www.springer.com/gb/book/9789401599047 SirgyJ. 2002 The Psychology of Quality of Life Springer Netherlands http://www.springer.com/gb/book/9789401599047 10.1007/978-94-015-9904-7 Search in Google Scholar

Sirgy, M. J., & Lee, D.-J. (2006). Macro Measures of Consumer Well-Being (CWB): A Critical Analysis and a Research Agenda. Journal of Macromarketing, 26(1), 27–44. https://doi.org/10.1177/0276146705285669 SirgyM. J. LeeD.-J. 2006 Macro Measures of Consumer Well-Being (CWB): A Critical Analysis and a Research Agenda Journal of Macromarketing 26 1 27 44 https://doi.org/10.1177/0276146705285669 10.1177/0276146705285669 Search in Google Scholar

Stylidis, D. (2012). Tourism and community life: Building a conceptual framework [PhD Thesis]. University of Surrey (United Kingdom). StylidisD. 2012 Tourism and community life: Building a conceptual framework [PhD Thesis]. University of Surrey United Kingdom Search in Google Scholar

Stylidis, D., Biran, A., Sit, J., & Szivas, E. M. (2014). Residents’ support for tourism development: The role of residents’ place image and perceived tourism impacts. Tourism Management, 45, 260–274. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2014.05.006 StylidisD. BiranA. SitJ. SzivasE. M. 2014 Residents’ support for tourism development: The role of residents’ place image and perceived tourism impacts Tourism Management 45 260 274 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2014.05.006 10.1016/j.tourman.2014.05.006 Search in Google Scholar

Suntikul, W., Pratt, S., I Kuan, W., Wong, C. I., Chan, C. C., Choi, W. L., & Chong, O. F. (2016). Impacts of tourism on the quality of life of local residents in Hue, Vietnam. Anatolia, 27(4), 405–420. https://doi.org/10.1080/13032917.2016.1138234 SuntikulW. PrattS. I KuanW. WongC. I. ChanC. C. ChoiW. L. ChongO. F. 2016 Impacts of tourism on the quality of life of local residents in Hue, Vietnam Anatolia 27 4 405 420 https://doi.org/10.1080/13032917.2016.1138234 10.1080/13032917.2016.1138234 Search in Google Scholar

Suntikul, W., Pratt, S., Kuan, W. I., Wong, C. I., Chan, C. C., Choi, W. L., & Chong, O. F. (2016). Impacts of tourism on the quality of life of local residents in Hue, Vietnam. Anatolia, 27(4), 405–420. https://doi.org/10.1080/13032917.2016.1138234 SuntikulW. PrattS. KuanW. I. WongC. I. ChanC. C. ChoiW. L. ChongO. F. 2016 Impacts of tourism on the quality of life of local residents in Hue, Vietnam Anatolia 27 4 405 420 https://doi.org/10.1080/13032917.2016.1138234 10.1080/13032917.2016.1138234 Search in Google Scholar

Telfer, D. J., & Sharpley, R. (2015). Tourism and Development in the Developing World (2nd Edition). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315686196 TelferD. J. SharpleyR. 2015 Tourism and Development in the Developing World 2nd Edition Routledge https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315686196 10.4324/9781315686196 Search in Google Scholar

Ullah, Z., Johnson, D., Micallef, A., & Williams, A. T. (2010). Coastal scenic assessment: Unlocking the potential for coastal tourism in rural Pakistan via Mediterranean developed techniques. Journal of Coastal Conservation, 14(4), 285–93. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11852-009-0078-3 UllahZ. JohnsonD. MicallefA. WilliamsA. T. 2010 Coastal scenic assessment: Unlocking the potential for coastal tourism in rural Pakistan via Mediterranean developed techniques Journal of Coastal Conservation 14 4 285 93 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11852-009-0078-3 10.1007/s11852-009-0078-3 Search in Google Scholar

UNWTO. (2019). World Tourism Barometer. Volume 17. Issue 1. (p. 5) [EXCERPT]. World Tourism Organization. http://media.unwto.org/content/why-tourism UNWTO 2019 World Tourism Barometer 17 1 5 [EXCERPT]. World Tourism Organization http://media.unwto.org/content/why-tourism 10.18111/wtobarometereng.2019.17.1.3 Search in Google Scholar

Uysal, M., Sirgy, M. J., & Perdue, R. R. (2012). The Missing Links and Future Research Directions. In M. Uysal, R. Perdue, & M. J. Sirgy (Eds.), Handbook of Tourism and Quality-of-Life Research: Enhancing the Lives of Tourists and Residents of Host Communities (pp. 669–684). Springer Netherlands. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-2288-0_38 UysalM. SirgyM. J. PerdueR. R. 2012 The Missing Links and Future Research Directions In UysalM. PerdueR. SirgyM. J. (Eds.), Handbook of Tourism and Quality-of-Life Research: Enhancing the Lives of Tourists and Residents of Host Communities 669 684 Springer Netherlands https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-2288-0_38 10.1007/978-94-007-2288-0_38 Search in Google Scholar

Uysal, M., Woo, E., & Singal, M. (2012). The Tourist Area Life Cycle (TALC) and Its Effect on the Quality-of-Life (QOL) of Destination Community. In M. Uysal, R. Perdue, & M. J. Sirgy (Eds.), Handbook of Tourism and Quality-of-Life Research: Enhancing the Lives of Tourists and Residents of Host Communities (pp. 423–43). Springer Netherlands. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-2288-0_25 UysalM. WooE. SingalM. 2012 The Tourist Area Life Cycle (TALC) and Its Effect on the Quality-of-Life (QOL) of Destination Community In UysalM. PerdueR. SirgyM. J. (Eds.), Handbook of Tourism and Quality-of-Life Research: Enhancing the Lives of Tourists and Residents of Host Communities 423 43 Springer Netherlands https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-2288-0_25 10.1007/978-94-007-2288-0_25 Search in Google Scholar

Watson, P., Wilson, J., Thilmany, D., & Winter, S. (2007). Determining Economic Contributions and Impacts: What is the difference and why do we care? The Journal of Regional Analysis and Policy, 37(2), 140–46. WatsonP. WilsonJ. ThilmanyD. WinterS. 2007 Determining Economic Contributions and Impacts: What is the difference and why do we care? The Journal of Regional Analysis and Policy 37 2 140 46 Search in Google Scholar

Weisbrod, G., & Weisbrod, B. (1997). MEASURING ECONOMIC IMPACTS OF PROJECTS AND PROGRAMS. National Academy of Sciences / Transportation Research Board as Transportation Research Circular #477., 11. WeisbrodG. WeisbrodB. 1997 MEASURING ECONOMIC IMPACTS OF PROJECTS AND PROGRAMS National Academy of Sciences / Transportation Research Board as Transportation Research Circular #477 11 Search in Google Scholar

Wilson, T. D., & Ypeij, A. (2012). Tourism, Gender, and Ethnicity. Latin American Perspectives, 39(6), 5–16. https://doi.org/10.1177/0094582X12453896 WilsonT. D. YpeijA. 2012 Tourism, Gender, and Ethnicity Latin American Perspectives 39 6 5 16 https://doi.org/10.1177/0094582X12453896 10.1177/0094582X12453896 Search in Google Scholar

Woo, E. (2013). The Impacts of Tourism Development on Stakeholders’ Quality of Life (QOL): A comparison between community residents and employed residents in the hospitality and tourism industry [Ph.D. Thesis, Virginia Polytechnic Institute, and State University]. https://vtechworks.lib.vt.edu/bitstream/handle/10919/50563/Woo_E_D_2013.pdf?sequence=1 WooE. 2013 The Impacts of Tourism Development on Stakeholders’ Quality of Life (QOL): A comparison between community residents and employed residents in the hospitality and tourism industry Ph.D. Thesis, Virginia Polytechnic Institute, and State University https://vtechworks.lib.vt.edu/bitstream/handle/10919/50563/Woo_E_D_2013.pdf?sequence=1 Search in Google Scholar

Woo, E., Kim, H., & Uysal, M. (2015a). Life satisfaction and support for tourism development. Annals of Tourism Research, 50, 84–97. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2014.11.001 WooE. KimH. UysalM. 2015a Life satisfaction and support for tourism development Annals of Tourism Research 50 84 97 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2014.11.001 10.1016/j.annals.2014.11.001 Search in Google Scholar

Woo, E., Kim, H., & Uysal, M. (2015b). Life satisfaction and support for tourism development. Annals of Tourism Research, 50, 84–97. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2014.11.001 WooE. KimH. UysalM. 2015b Life satisfaction and support for tourism development Annals of Tourism Research 50 84 97 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2014.11.001 10.1016/j.annals.2014.11.001 Search in Google Scholar

Woo, E., Uysal, M., & Sirgy, M. J. (2016). Tourism Impact and Stakeholders’ Quality of Life. Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Research, 42(2), 260–286. https://doi.org/10.1177/1096348016654971 WooE. UysalM. SirgyM. J. 2016 Tourism Impact and Stakeholders’ Quality of Life Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Research 42 2 260 286 https://doi.org/10.1177/1096348016654971 10.1177/1096348016654971 Search in Google Scholar

WTTC. (2018a). Travel & Tourism. Economic Impact 2018 Pakistan (p. 24). WORLD TRAVEL & TOURISM COUNCIL (WTTC). https://www.wttc.org/-/media/files/reports/economic-impact-research/countries-2018/pakistan2018.pdf WTTC 2018a Travel & Tourism. Economic Impact 2018 Pakistan 24 WORLD TRAVEL & TOURISM COUNCIL (WTTC) https://www.wttc.org/-/media/files/reports/economic-impact-research/countries-2018/pakistan2018.pdf Search in Google Scholar

WTTC. (2018b). Travel & Tourism. Economic Impact 2018 World (p. 20). WORLD TRAVEL & TOURISM COUNCIL (WTTC). https://www.wttc.org/-/media/files/reports/economic-impact-research/regions-2018/world2018.pdf WTTC 2018b Travel & Tourism. Economic Impact 2018 World 20 WORLD TRAVEL & TOURISM COUNCIL (WTTC) https://www.wttc.org/-/media/files/reports/economic-impact-research/regions-2018/world2018.pdf Search in Google Scholar

Yang, H., Chan, G. C. S., & Li, W. (2017a). Tourism Impacts the Quality of Life in Hong Kong. International Journal of Marketing Studies, 9(3), 103. https://doi.org/10.5539/ijms.v9n3p103 YangH. ChanG. C. S. LiW. 2017a Tourism Impacts the Quality of Life in Hong Kong International Journal of Marketing Studies 9 3 103 https://doi.org/10.5539/ijms.v9n3p103 10.5539/ijms.v9n3p103 Search in Google Scholar

Yang, H., Chan, G. C. S., & Li, W. (2017b). Tourism Impacts on the Quality of Life in Hong Kong. International Journal of Marketing Studies, 9(3), 103. https://doi.org/10.5539/ijms.v9n3p103 YangH. ChanG. C. S. LiW. 2017b Tourism Impacts on the Quality of Life in Hong Kong International Journal of Marketing Studies 9 3 103 https://doi.org/10.5539/ijms.v9n3p103 10.5539/ijms.v9n3p103 Search in Google Scholar

Yoon, Y., Gursoy, D., & Chen, J. S. (2001). Validating a tourism development theory with structural equation modeling. Tourism Management, 22(4), 363–72. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0261-5177(00)00062-5 YoonY. GursoyD. ChenJ. S. 2001 Validating a tourism development theory with structural equation modeling Tourism Management 22 4 363 72 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0261-5177(00)00062-5 10.1016/S0261-5177(00)00062-5 Search in Google Scholar

Zamani-Farahani, H., & Musa, G. (2012). The relationship between Islamic religiosity and residents’ perceptions of socio-cultural impacts of tourism in Iran: Case studies of Sare’ in and Masooleh. Tourism Management, 33(4), 802–14. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2011.09.003 Zamani-FarahaniH. MusaG. 2012 The relationship between Islamic religiosity and residents’ perceptions of socio-cultural impacts of tourism in Iran: Case studies of Sare’ in and Masooleh Tourism Management 33 4 802 14 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2011.09.003 10.1016/j.tourman.2011.09.003 Search in Google Scholar

eISSN:
2182-4924
Langue:
Anglais