Modern Methods of Identification of Protein Vaccine Antigens

Advancements in modern genomics driven by the continuous DNA sequencing of complete microbial genomes, including pathogenic microorganisms, have revolutionised the approach to the process of designing new generation vaccine antigens. Genomic data is the source of hypotheses about potential antigen immunogenicity, reversing the standard science research process. As a result, it is possible to analyse thousands of genes regardless of their in vivo expression levels. On this basis, we can choose the pool of protein candidates to examine further, mapping their epitopes recognised by the elements of the human immune system. The acquired information on the structure of the selected antigen and its interactions with the immune system may be used to design and synthesise new immunogenic molecules, optimising time and resources needed to introduce new vaccines to the market.