Free-living nematode assemblages associated with maize residues and their ecological significance
Publié en ligne: 01 janv. 2021
Pages: 1 - 12
© 2021 Authors, published by Sciendo.
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Average number of nematodes in 250 g soil collected from control and decomposition plots during season two.
Taxa |
Cp-class |
Control Mean ± SE |
Decomposition Mean ± SE |
F-value |
P-value |
Bacterivores
|
Acrobeles
|
2 |
39 ± 7.5 |
58 ± 12.8 |
6.604 |
0.015* |
Acrobeloides
|
2 |
42 ± 8.0 |
27 ± 6.0 |
1.434 |
0.241 |
Alaimus
|
4 |
8 ± 2.4 |
10 ± 3.9 |
0.059 |
0.81 |
Cephalobus
|
2 |
151 ± 10.4 |
280 ± 26.9 |
25.737 |
<0.001*** |
Cervidellus
|
2 |
42 ± 13.5 |
34 ± 12.1 |
0.466 |
0.5 |
Drilocephalobus
|
2 |
5 ± 2.4 |
9 ± 3.2 |
4.225 |
0.049* |
Eucephalobus
|
2 |
101 ± 19.1 |
164 ± 23.8 |
48.172 |
<0.001*** |
Geomonhystera
|
2 |
16 ± 3.5 |
8 ± 3.0 |
7.391 |
0.0108* |
Heterocephalobus
|
2 |
57 ± 10.8 |
129 ± 14.8 |
68.576 |
<0.001*** |
Mesorhabditis
|
1 |
0 ± 0.0 |
14 ± 4.9 |
37.891 |
<0.001*** |
Panagrolaimus
|
1 |
3 ± 1.2 |
5 ± 2.0 |
0.486 |
0.491 |
Plectus
|
2 |
10 ± 3.5 |
27 ± 4.7 |
96.111 |
<0.001*** |
Prismatolaimus
|
3 |
16 ± 3.5 |
24 ± 4.2 |
3.989 |
0.055 |
Rhabditis
|
1 |
21 ± 7.0 |
73 ± 34.4 |
2.592 |
0.118 |
Wilsonema
|
2 |
3 ± 1.2 |
3 ± 1.5 |
0.207 |
0.652 |
Fungivores
|
Aphelenchoides
|
2 |
29 ± 6.1 |
98 ± 29.5 |
13.911 |
<0.001*** |
Aphelenchus
|
2 |
164 ± 20.9 |
320 ± 47.2 |
18.84 |
<0.001*** |
Filenchus
|
2 |
21 ± 4.8 |
16 ± 6.0 |
2.041 |
0.163 |
Omnivores
|
Aporcelaimellus
|
5 |
0 ± 0.0 |
1 ± 1.3 |
1 |
0.325 |
Eudorylaimus
|
4 |
26 ± 4.2 |
22 ± 5.2 |
1.34 |
0.256 |
Dorylaimellus
|
5 |
0 ± 0.0 |
1 ± 0.7 |
1 |
0.325 |
Labronema
|
4 |
39 ± 7.1 |
47 ± 7.1 |
2.561 |
0.12 |
Mesodorylaimus
|
4 |
23 ± 3.5 |
10 ± 2.9 |
13.006 |
0.001** |
Prodorylaimus
|
4 |
0 ± 0.0 |
3 ± 1.5 |
3.649 |
0.066 |
Predators
|
Discolaimus
|
5 |
8 ± 1.5 |
8 ± 2.0 |
0.051 |
0.823 |
Mononchus
|
4 |
5 ± 1.5 |
4 ± 2.7 |
4.741 |
0.037* |
Nygolaimus
|
5 |
78 ± 10.3 |
54 ± 9.9 |
5.483 |
0.026* |
Soil physicochemical characteristics at Nyangati study site in Mwea Sub-county, Kenya.
Soil property |
Mean |
Standard error |
Calcium me % |
6.07 |
0.788 |
Clay % |
44.00 |
4.000 |
Copper ppm |
2.95 |
0.090 |
Iron ppm |
23.50 |
3.239 |
Magnesium me % |
3.63 |
0.135 |
Manganese me % |
0.97 |
0.114 |
Phosphorus ppm |
16.67 |
1.667 |
Potassium me % |
0.75 |
0.096 |
Sand % |
46.67 |
3.712 |
Silt % |
9.33 |
0.667 |
Sodium me % |
0.16 |
0.074 |
Soil pH |
5.85 |
0.057 |
Total Nitrogen % |
0.18 |
0.003 |
Total Organic Carbon % |
2.03 |
0.050 |
Zinc ppm |
0.20 |
0.029 |
Minimum temperature and rainfall data at Nyangati study site in Mwea Sub-county, Kenya.
Month |
Minimum temperature (°C) |
Average rainfall (mm) |
March |
14.6 |
245 |
April |
14.7 |
619.2 |
May |
14.8 |
299.6 |
June |
13.3 |
78 |
July |
12.7 |
51.5 |
August |
12.3 |
18.8 |
September |
13.0 |
38.5 |
October |
14.6 |
51.5 |
November |
15.5 |
100.1 |
December |
14.7 |
109.2 |
January |
13.6 |
46.5 |
February |
21.6 |
21.6 |
Average number of nematodes in 250 g soil collected from control and decomposition plots during season one.
Taxa |
Cp-class |
Control Mean ± SE |
Decomposition Mean ± SE |
F-value |
P-value |
Bacterivores
|
Acrobeles
|
2 |
42 ± 9.5 |
58 ± 8.0 |
37.039 |
<0.001*** |
Acrobeloides
|
2 |
16 ± 4.4 |
8 ± 3.5 |
9.153 |
0.005** |
Alaimus
|
4 |
31 ± 8.8 |
30 ± 5.7 |
2.331 |
0.137 |
Aphanolaimus
|
1 |
5 ± 2.4 |
2 ± 1.1 |
1.327 |
0.258 |
Cephalobus
|
2 |
107 ± 6.4 |
109 ± 9.9 |
0.106 |
0.747 |
Cervidellus
|
2 |
52 ± 11.3 |
23 ± 3.8 |
0.082 |
0.777 |
Drilocephalobus
|
2 |
0 ± 0.0 |
3 ± 2.0 |
1.946 |
0.173 |
Eucephalobus
|
2 |
91 ± 12.9 |
118 ± 21.1 |
2.92 |
0.098 |
Geomonhystera
|
2 |
10 ± 4.8 |
7 ± 3.6 |
0 |
0.996 |
Heterocephalobus
|
2 |
120 ± 20.9 |
86 ± 13.4 |
1.927 |
0.175 |
Plectus
|
2 |
26 ± 9.0 |
37 ± 7.6 |
7.016 |
0.013* |
Prismatolaimus
|
3 |
18 ± 4.0 |
40 ± 11.0 |
2.586 |
0.118 |
Rhabditis
|
1 |
39 ± 8.0 |
41 ± 12.6 |
0.223 |
0.64 |
Stegelleta
|
2 |
0 ± 0.0 |
1 ± 1.3 |
0.272 |
0.325 |
Wilsonema
|
2 |
31 ± 10.1 |
17 ± 4.2 |
0.679 |
0.417 |
Fungivores
|
Aphelenchoides
|
2 |
16 ± 5.8 |
9 ± 3.2 |
1.088 |
0.305 |
Aphelenchus
|
2 |
143 ± 1.0 |
181 ± 19.0 |
2.479 |
0.126 |
Ditylenchus
|
2 |
13 ± 4.6 |
1 ± 1.3 |
49.301 |
<0.001*** |
Filenchus
|
2 |
16 ± 2.2 |
9 ± 2.7 |
9.997 |
0.004** |
Omnivores
|
Aporcelaimellus
|
5 |
0 ± 0.0 |
4 ± 1.9 |
4.719 |
0.038* |
Eudorylaimus
|
4 |
8 ± 2.4 |
3 ± 1.3 |
3.684 |
0.064 |
Labronema
|
4 |
62 ± 4.0 |
65 ± 8.0 |
1.196 |
0.283 |
Predators
|
Discolaimus
|
5 |
8 ± 2.4 |
10 ± 3.3 |
0.076 |
0.784 |
Nygolaimus
|
5 |
36 ± 6.9 |
42 ± 6.4 |
9.345 |
0.005** |
Seinura
|
2 |
0 ± 0.0 |
6 ± 2.4 |
22.167 |
<0.001*** |
Nematode ecological and functional indices in control and decomposition plots during season 1 and 2.
|
Control |
Decomposition |
|
|
Index name |
Mean ± SE |
Mean ± SE |
F-values |
P-value |
Season 1
|
Maturity Index (MI) |
2.41a ± 0.038 |
2.43a ± 0.040 |
0.38 |
0.542 |
Maturity Index (MI2-5) |
2.47a ± 0.044 |
2.49a ± 0.036 |
0.409 |
0.528 |
Channel Index (CI) |
60.35a ± 5.95 |
65.66a ± 5.948 |
0.985 |
0.329 |
Basal Index (BI) |
37.82a ± 2.016 |
35.72a ± 1.652 |
1.452 |
0.238 |
Enrichment Index (EI) |
34.52a ± 1.455 |
33.03a ± 2.472 |
0.511 |
0.481 |
Structure Index (SI) |
53.19a ± 2.537 |
55.73a ± 2.224 |
1.435 |
0.24 |
Season 2
|
Maturity Index (MI) |
2.54a ± 0.033 |
2.26b ± 0.036 |
64.715 |
<0.001*** |
Maturity Index (MI2-5) |
2.57a ± 0.031 |
2.33b ± 0.029 |
68.996 |
<0.001*** |
Channel Index (CI) |
81.01a ± 4.923 |
68.37b ± 5.864 |
12.359 |
<0.001*** |
Basal Index (BI) |
34.44b ± 1.267 |
42.47a ± 1.495 |
65.944 |
<0.001*** |
Enrichment Index (EI) |
28.14b ± 2.519 |
35.06a ± 2.941 |
15.409 |
<0.001*** |
Structure Index (SI) |
59.91a ± 1.535 |
42.21b ± 2.689 |
41.205 |
<0.001*** |
Metabolic footprints in control and decomposition plots during season 1 and 2.
|
Control |
Decomposition |
|
|
Metabolic footprints |
Mean ± SE |
Mean ± SE |
F-values |
P-value |
Season 1
|
Composite footprint |
5.67a ± 3.444 |
5.77a ± 3.421 |
2.482 |
0.126 |
Omnivore footprint |
4.55a ± 1.750 |
4.35a ± 2.558 |
0.825 |
0.371 |
Structure footprint |
4.99a ± 2.345 |
5.07a ± 2.702 |
1.272 |
0.268 |
Predator footprint |
3.15b ± 2.127 |
3.82a ± 2.110 |
19.678 |
<0.001*** |
Fungivore footprint |
2.91a ± 1.243 |
2.94a ± 1.101 |
0.126 |
0.725 |
Enrichment footprint |
4.326a ± 2.797 |
4.196a ± 3.262 |
0.556 |
0.462 |
Bacterivore footprint |
4.734a ± 3.267 |
4.918a ± 3.303 |
2.441 |
0.129 |
Season 2
|
Composite footprint |
5.68b ± 3.242 |
5.95a ± 4.301 |
11.018 |
0.002** |
Omnivore footprint |
4.23a ± 2.479 |
4.33a ± 2.657 |
0.679 |
0.417 |
Structure footprint |
5.22a ± 2.314 |
5.05b ± 2.870 |
4.500 |
0.042* |
Predator footprint |
4.48a ± 2.485 |
3.87b ± 2.515 |
5.894 |
0.021* |
Fungivore footprint |
2.89b ± 1.260 |
3.52a ± 1.972 |
21.683 |
<0.001*** |
Enrichment footprint |
3.51b ± 2.755 |
4.43a ± 4.249 |
27.425 |
<0.001*** |
Bacterivore footprint |
4.39b ± 2.945 |
5.10a ± 4.269 |
30.782 |
<0.001*** |