<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">

<p>
<italic>Meloidogyne graminicola</italic> threatens global rice production, yet is understudied for many areas where it is cultivated. To better understand the prevalence and incidence of <italic>M. graminicola</italic> in central Punjab, Pakistan, we carried out field surveys of rice fields in the districts of Faisalabad and Chiniot. <italic>M. graminicola</italic> isolates were recovered from soil and root samples and identified on the basis of perineal patterns and rDNA ITS-based sequencing. The severity of nematode attack on rice roots and infested fields at various locations was based on galling index, root-knot nematode juveniles per root system, juveniles per 100 ml of soil, and prevalence of stylet-bearing nematodes and non-stylet-bearing nematodes. Maximum prevalence (22.5 and 27.5%) and minimum prevalence (17.5 and 20%) of <italic>M. graminicola</italic> was observed in Chiniot and Faisalabad, respectively. Eleven alternate host-plant species were examined in this study revealing varying degrees of <italic>M. graminicola</italic> infestation. ITS sequencing and phylogenetic analysis indicated that isolates from this study form a well-resolved clade with others from Asia, while another isolate falls outside of this clade in an unresolved polytomy with those from Europe and South America. Though monophyletic with the other <italic>M. graminicola</italic>, the isolates from Pakistan are distinguished by their high genetic variability and long branch lengths relative to the other isolates of <italic>M. graminicola</italic>, suggesting Pakistan as a possible ancestral area. Our results indicate that rice is severely attacked by a genetically diverse and aggressive <italic>M. graminicola</italic>, necessitating the development of appropriate control measures for its management in rice and other graminaceous crops.</p>
</abstract>

Meloidogyne graminicola threatens global rice production, yet is understudied for many areas where it is cultivated. To better understand the prevalence and incidence of M. graminicola in central Punjab, Pakistan, we carried out field surveys of rice fields in the districts of Faisalabad and Chiniot. M. graminicola isolates were recovered from soil and root samples and identified on the basis of perineal patterns and rDNA ITS-based sequencing. The severity of nematode attack on rice roots and infested fields at various locations was based on galling index, root-knot nematode juveniles per root system, juveniles per 100 ml of soil, and prevalence of stylet-bearing nematodes and non-stylet-bearing nematodes. Maximum prevalence (22.5 and 27.5%) and minimum prevalence (17.5 and 20%) of M. graminicola was observed in Chiniot and Faisalabad, respectively. Eleven alternate host-plant species were examined in this study revealing varying degrees of M. graminicola infestation. ITS sequencing and phylogenetic analysis indicated that isolates from this study form a well-resolved clade with others from Asia, while another isolate falls outside of this clade in an unresolved polytomy with those from Europe and South America. Though monophyletic with the other M. graminicola, the isolates from Pakistan are distinguished by their high genetic variability and long branch lengths relative to the other isolates of M. graminicola, suggesting Pakistan as a possible ancestral area. Our results indicate that rice is severely attacked by a genetically diverse and aggressive M. graminicola, necessitating the development of appropriate control measures for its management in rice and other graminaceous crops.

Occurrence and molecular characterization of <italic>Meloidogyne graminicola</italic> on rice in Central Punjab, Pakistan

Journal of Nematology

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Occurrence and molecular characterization of  on rice in Central Punjab, Pakistan

running-head

Meloidogyne graminicola in Pakistan: Jabbar et al.

Meloidogyne graminicola threatens global rice production, yet is understudied for many areas where it is cultivated. To better understand the prevalence and...

Occurrence and molecular characterization of Meloidogyne graminicola on rice in Central Punjab, Pakistan

Publié en ligne: 16 janv. 2021

Pages: 1 - 17

DOI: https://doi.org/10.21307/jofnem-2020-123

Mots clés
Alternate hosts, Diagnosis, ITS rDNA, Morphology, Rice root-knot nematode

© 2021 Abdul Jabbar et al., published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Occurrence and molecular characterization of Meloidogyne graminicola on rice in Central Punjab, Pakistan

Publié en ligne: 16 janv. 2021

Pages: 1 - 17

DOI: https://doi.org/10.21307/jofnem-2020-123

Mots clésAlternate hosts, Diagnosis, ITS rDNA, Morphology, Rice root-knot nematode

© 2021 Abdul Jabbar et al., published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Mots clés
Alternate hosts, Diagnosis, ITS rDNA, Morphology, Rice root-knot nematode