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Survival over time of entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) formulated in sodium alginate beads (ABs) in relation to the pre-conditioning (Prec) of IJs or ABs coating (C) or both (Prec-C), stored at 23 ± 3°C. Steinernema glaseri (Sg), Steinernema carpocapsae (Sc), and Heterorhabditis bacteriophora (Hb).
Survival rate after formulation (%)
Factor
Treatment
7 d
14 d
21 d
28 d
35 d
MSt (days ± SE)
EPN
Sg
15
0
0
0
0
8.05 ± 0.079
Sc
79
79
58.8
58.8
0
26.07 ± 0.389
Hb
93.5
93.5
51.4
0
0
22.00 ± 0.209
Prec
Sg-Prec
39.6
39.6
22.5
0
0
13.21 ± 0.262
Sc-Prec
53.3
23
9.8
0
0
13.02 ± 0.218
Hb-Prec
69.3
69.3
7.6
0
0
14.69 ± 0.182
C
Sg-C
20
0
0
0
0
8.40 ± 0.088
Sc-C
79
79
41.6
41.6
0
26.96 ± 0.355
Hb-C
100
100
30.5
21.7
0
22.22 ± 0.262
Prec-C
Sg-Prec-C
40
0
0
0
0
9.80 ± 0.108
Sc-Prec-C
74.4
67.8
31.5
31.5
10
22.06 ± 0.372
Hb-Prec-C
92.4
0
0
0
0
13.46 ± 0.058
Results of the statistical analysis over time of infectivity (IN) against Galleria mellonella by EPNs from sodium ABs, in relation to the pre-conditioning (Prec) of IJs or ABs coating (C) or both (Prec-C). Steinernema glaseri (Sg), Steinernema carpocapsae (Sc), and Heterorhabditis bacteriophora (Hb).